Periodonal desiease – local antiseptic therapy: problem of efficiency. Literature review

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
Z. S. Khabadze ◽  
Y. A. Generalova ◽  
V. S. Shubaeva ◽  
S. M. Abdulkerimova ◽  
Y. A. Bakaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Cetylpyridinium Chloride ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Antiseptic Treatment ◽  
Number Of Publications

The purpose of this review article is to analyze the current data on the use of antiseptics in the treatment of periodontitis, development of resistance of periodontopathogens to antiseptic agents using the example of chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride and hexetidine. Periodontal pathogens are an integral part of the commensal microflora of the oral cavity, but under certain conditions and under the influence of etiological factors, their number begins to progressively grow, which increases the risk of initiation of periodontal diseases through the formation of aggressive biofilm on the teeth.Materials and methods. Тhe study of publications was produced in the electronic databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar in the course of a systematic review of the literature. Included articles contain information about antiseptic agents which are chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride and hexetidine, as well as their effect on periodontopathogens and the possibility of developing resistance in them against these antiseptics.Results. 127 articles were viewed during the review. After analyzing the literature for inclusion criteria, the total number of publications has become 94.Conclusions. Аccording to the analyzed data, we have found that antiseptic treatment of the oral cavity and lesions in periodontitis is an integral part of the treatment of this inflammatory disease, as an addition to the mechanical treatment protocol. Chlorhexidine in local forms of delivery has shown particular activity against periodontopathogens. 

The role of probiotics in correction of microbiocenosis and cytokine balance of the oral cavity of patient with chronic inflammatory disease of periodont

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-330
Author(s):  
E. S. Ovcharenko ◽  
V. V. Erichev ◽  
S. I. Risovannij ◽  
T. V. Aksenova ◽  
S. V. Melekhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Before And After

Relevance. A long-term inflammation in the oral cavity, unreasonable treatment of periodontal patients with antibiotics cause imbalance between certain types of fungal-bacterial associations accompanied by oral dysbiosis and change of local immune status. So, development and application of new comprehensive diagnosis and treatment techniques in periodontal patients, use of products for correction of microbiota and local immunity are a current and a long-term task. Purpose is to optimize the comprehensive treatment protocol of inflammatory periodontal diseases by introducing probiotics and evaluation of oral microbiome and cytokine profile.Materials and methods. 140 patients were examined. Of these 60 patients had chronic generalized plaque-induced gingivitis and 60 patients suffered from moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. Bacterial and fungal microbiome was assessed and the host immune response was evaluated in all patients before and after the treatment. Half of the patients were treated conventionally and the other half were treated according to a modified scheme: probiotic “Bifidumbacterin Forte” was added.Results. A large number of yeast-like fungi Candida and commensal bacteria were detected in periodontal pockets of patients with chronic generalized plaque-induced gingivitis and moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. That correlates with a significant increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL—8), decrease of concentration of INF-γ and increase of antiinflammatory cytokine IL-4.Conclusion. Changes in clinical, microbiological and immunological values during a modified combination therapy with a probiotic and during a conventional treatment demonstrated that effectiveness of treatment of chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis increased by 40% and 37% respectively.

Domestic prophylactic agents in maintaining the dental health of the elderly

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
A. K. Iordanishvili
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Group 2

Goal. To investigate dental health and oral microbiota in elderly people who use domestic care products after the completion of their sanitation.Material and methods. The prevalence and intensity of the course of dental caries, periodontal pathology, pathology of the oral mucosa, as well as the microbiota in 96 people aged 61 to 73 years were studied using conventional research methods in dentistry in elderly patients who visited a dentist for a year according to the appealability (group 1) or were under dynamic supervision and regularly carried out individual oral hygiene with the help of domestic ASEPTA products (group 2).Results. Individual prophylactic and hygienic measures for the care of the oral cavity, regularly carried out by elderly patients of group 2, significantly improved their dental health, contributed to the secondary prevention of periodontal diseases and a significant reduction in periodontal pathogens in the oral cavity.Conclusion. Elderly patients who are regularly observed by a dentist with a complex of measures for the primary and secondary prevention of dental diseases carried out 2 times a year, as well as with their proper adherence to oral care, it is possible to achieve effective treatment of the pathology of hard dental tissues, remission of inflammatory pathology of periodontal disease, and also good oral hygiene, which has a positive effect on their quality of life.

scholarly journals STATUS KEBERSIHAN GIGI DAN MULUT PADA ANAK AUTIS DI KOTA MANADO

e-GIGI ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica M. Sengkey ◽  
Damajanty H. C. Pangemanan ◽  
Christy N. Mintjelungan
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Eruption Disorder

Abstract: The most common tooth and mouth health problems in autisic children are dental caries, periodontal diseases, oral cavity disorders, tooth eruption disorder, and trauma. This study aimed to obtain the tooth and mouth hygienic status of autistic children in Manado. This was a descriptive observational study with a cross sectional design. Population was all autistic students registered in AGCA Manado dan Sekolah Khusus Anak Autis Permata Hati. There were 94 students aged 6-21 years. Samples were 51 students obtained by using total sampling and fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The results showed that the tooth and mouth hygienic status of autistic children was mostly categorized as moderate and poor, each of 39.21%. Based on gender, poor category of OHI-S status was the most frequent in males (42.5%) meanwhile in females good and moderate categories, each of 36.36%. Based on age, the moderate category of OHI-S status was in age group 6-10 years (42.31%), meanwhile poor category was found in age group 11-15 years (47.62%) and 16-21 years (75%). The average OHI-S index of autistic children in Manado was 2,77, categorized as moderate. Conclusion: In general, OHI-S status of autistic children in Manado was in moderate category, with an average OHI-S index of 2,77.Keywords: OHI-S, autistic childrenAbstrak: Masalah-masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang paling sering dijumpai pada anak autis yaitu karies gigi, penyakit periodontal, kerusakan lingkungan rongga mulut, kelainan erupsi gigi, dan trauma. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status kebersihan gigi dan mulut anak autis di kota Manado. Jenis penelitian yaitu deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan potong lintang.. Populasi penelitian yaitu seluruh anak autis yang terdaftar sebagai siswa sekolah AGCA Manado dan Sekolah Khusus Anak Autis Permata Hati berjumlah 94 anak berusia 6-21 tahun. Sampel sejumlah 51 anak dilakukan dengan teknik total sampling dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status kebersihan gigi dan mulut pada anak autis di kota Manado tertinggi yaitu berada pada kategori sedang dan buruk masing-masing 39,21%. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, status OHI-S terbanyak pada laki-laki yaitu kategori buruk 42,5%, sedangkan pada perempuan yaitu kategori baik dan sedang masing-masing 36,36%. Berdasarkan kelompok umur, status OHI-S terbanyak pada kelompok umur 6-10 tahun yaitu sedang (42,31%), pada kelompok umur 11-15 (47,62%) dan 16-21 tahun yaitu buruk (75%). Rata-rata indeks OHI-S pada anak autis di kota Manado yaitu 2,77 dengan kategori sedang. Simpulan: Umumnya status OHI-S anak autis di Kota Manado berada pada kategori sedang dengan indeks OHI-S rata-rata yaitu 2,77.Kata kunci: OHI-S, anak autis

Role of antimicrobial peptides system in inflammatory periodontal diseases non-specific oral cavity protection

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 422-427
Author(s):  
N. V. Davidovich ◽  
N. V. Solovieva ◽  
A. S. Galieva ◽  
S. Yu. Lepeshkin ◽  
E. N. Bashilova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Microbial Invasion

The system of antimicrobial peptides (AMP) is one of the most ancient mechanisms of the macroorganism resistance to infectious pathogens invasion. The aim of the study was to determine the role of the antimicrobial peptides system and periodontal pathogenic markers in the development and progression of inflammatory periodontal diseases. Gingival pocket washes (91 samples in total) for the research were received from patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases (chronic periodontitis and gingivitis) and intact periodontium. Using ELISA, the content of antimicrobial peptides was determined: human alpha-defensin (HNP 1-3), beta-defensin (HBD 1-3) and cathelicidin (LL-37). Periodontal pathogenic markers were isolated during RT-PCR. The study revealed differences in AMP concentrations by groups: level of HBD 2 in patients with chronic periodontitis was 1,36 times higher than those in the group of patients with chronic gingivitis (p=0,023) and 2,39 times higher than those in the control group (p<0,001), the content of HNP 1-3 in the group of patients with chronic periodontitis was reduced by 1,23 times compared with the indicators of the group of patients with gingivitis (p=0,045) and by 1,97 times compared with the indicators of the control group (p<0,001). The frequency of detection of periodontal pathogenic bacteria genes was 88,0% in patients with periodontitis, 76,92% in patients with gingivitis and 33,3% in the group with intact periodontium. HBD 2 content moderately correlated with the definition of P. gingivalis (r=0,612; p=0,022), T. forsythensis (r= 0,434; p=0,015), A. actinomycetemcomitans (r=0,483; p=0,006), a moderate negative correlation was detected between the content of HNP 1-3 and the release of periodontal pathogens in associations (P. gingivalis with T. forsythensis and T. denticola) (r=-0,388; p=0,031) in the group of patients with chronic periodontitis. Thus, the revealed relationships and correlations indicate shifts in the processes of reparative regeneration of the oral cavity and the regulation of local immunity in response to microbial invasion.

scholarly journals Analysis of bactericidal effects of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine on resistantbiofilm microorganisms (E. Faecalis, C. Albicans).

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Z. S. Khabadze ◽  
Yu. A. Generalova ◽  
V. S. Shubaeva ◽  
F. R. Ismailov ◽  
M. G. Sheroziia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Bactericidal Effects ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Number Of Publications

Aim. To analyze current data on the bactericidal efficacy of endodontic irrigants, in particular, sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine in different concentrations relative to the elimination of resistant microorganisms (E. Faecalis, C. Albicans). Irrigation is an important stage in the treatment of root canals, it prevents the further contamination of the canals with microorganisms. However, irrigants do not always cope with this function, which leads to the occurrence of a secondary infection.Materials and methods. The study of publications was produced in the electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed and ScienceDirect in the course of a systematic review of the literature. Included articles contain information about various types of irrigants and their antimicrobial effect.Results. 73 articles were viewed during the review. After analyzing the literature for inclusion criteria, the total number of publications has become 41.Conclusions. According to literature data, irrigation solutions in widely used by clinicians concentrations (sodium hypochlorite 3%, chlorhexidine 2%) are not able to completely eliminate E. faecalis and C. albicans from the root canal system. 

scholarly journals The analysis of research methods and results on resistance of nickel-titanium endodontic instruments to torsion load: the systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-325
Author(s):  
D. S. Shirokova ◽  
Z. S. Khabadze ◽  
D. V. Voskresenskaya ◽  
F. R. Ismailov ◽  
Z. M. Gasanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Root Canal Treatment ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Number Of Publications

Relevance. The objective of this study was to analyze current data concerning research methods and results on resistance of nickel-titanium endodontic instruments to torsion load in order to minimize complications of dental root canal treatment. The use of the nickel -titanium endodontic instruments is a special importance to ensure high-quality dental root canal treatment; it prevents the further contamination of the canals with microorganisms. However, these instruments can form a fracture under torsional load which leads to further complications.Aim. The analysis of research methods and results on resistance of nickel-titanium endodontic instruments to torsion load for minimization complications.Materials and methods. A series of publications in the electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Pub Med was analyzed in the course of a systematic review of the literature. The articles dealing with nickel-titanium endodontic instruments and torsion load that directly influences the quality of dental root canal treatment were included in the paper.Results. 73 articles were viewed during the review. Having analyzed the literature for inclusion criteria, the total number of publications has become 51. There were 16 main methods which demonstrated the influence of torsion load on endodontic instruments. These methods were summarized in the Table 1.Conclusions. As regards literature data, there are a various number of methods which converge to one conclusion: nickel-titanium instruments cannot fully resist torsion load. Fracture is caused approximately in 0,5-5% of cases.

Surveying adherence of dental clinic patients to preventive measures in oral cavity

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Kudryavtseva ◽  
V. V. Tachalov ◽  
E. S. Loboda ◽  
L. Yu. Orekhova ◽  
E. Yu. Nechai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

Relevance. Periodontal diseases are a medical and social problem due to the wide spread among the population of developed countries and the impact on the quality of life. Among the many factors that are important in the development of inflammatory periodontal diseases, an important role is played by adherence to the recommendations of the dentist in respecting oral hygiene. Aim of the work was to study the adherence of patients of the dental clinic to compliance with preventive measures in the oral cavity.Materials and methods. A total of 98 patients of dental clinic, 62 female (medial age 38,6 ± 14,0 years) and 36 male (medial age 37,2±13,1 years) participated in survey. The study participants flled in the profle and answered questions about age, gender, harmful working conditions and bad habits, frequency of visits to the dental clinic, attitudes to the prevention of dental diseases, knowledge about the means and methods of oral hygiene.Results. As a result of the study, it was found that in the vast majority of cases, respondents are employed in production that does not adversely affect their health (91%), only 8% of patients indicated harmful working conditions.Conclusions. The study revealed that, despite the recommendations of the dentist, patients are not always committed to the implementation of preventive measures in the oral cavity. Dentists need to motivate patients to use not only the usual methods and means of hygiene, but also additional ones necessary for maintaining dental health.

Comparison of Sampling Techniques For qPCR Quantification of Periodontal Pathogens

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2853-2856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Jelihovschi ◽  
Cristian Drochioi ◽  
Aida Corina Badescu ◽  
Raoul Vasile Lupusoru ◽  
Alexandra Elena Munteanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Treponema Denticola ◽  
Subgingival Plaque ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Radiographic Evidence ◽  
Gingival Bleeding ◽  
As Species ◽  
Qpcr Quantification

The diagnosis of periodontal disease is mainly based on use of clinical and radiographic evidence. In this study we employed a quantitative PCR analysis of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Treponema denticola as species strongly involved in periodontal diseases, burden in periodontal pockets to detect the main sampling factors that interfere with qPCR results. From 22 patients with advanced periodontal disease, subgingival plaque was comparatively collected by paper points and periodontal Gracey curettes. Samples were collected from the same situs in presence of gingival bleeding and absence of bleeding. The concordance and agreement of results between samples were assessed. The present study demonstrates that subgingival plaque sampling with sterile absorbable paper points is often accompanied by gingival bleeding resulting in quantification biases of periodontal pathogens.

scholarly journals Effect of Probiotics and Prebiotics on Oral Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goutam Nanavati ◽  
T. Prasanth ◽  
Manab Kosala ◽  
Sujit K. Bhandari ◽  
Pamil Banotra
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Microbial Flora ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Multifactorial Diseases ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Nitrate Reducing Bacteria

AbstractProbiotics are the living microorganisms that have been commonly used in the prevention of gastrointestinal disorders. In recent times, probiotic and prebiotics have been used to assess and develop a natural balance of the microbial flora in the respiratory tract and the oral cavity as an adjunct therapy. They are known to augment the existing microbial flora that is beneficial to the host. Prebiotics are nondigestible food ingredients that help in increasing populations of probiotic bacteria. Recent studies have shown that probiotics help in active reduction in gingivitis, dental caries, periodontitis, and halitosis by replacing the harmful oral species, by means of utilizing abundant health-associated oral microbial species. Additionally, the nitrate-reducing bacteria have shown promising effect in improving efficiency of probiotic strains to accentuate oral health benefits. Probiotics along with prebiotics effectively alter the host–microbial interface by achieving homeostasis in multifactorial diseases such as periodontal diseases and oral malodor. The aim of the review is to collate the existing information available on use of probiotics and prebiotics in oral cavity.

scholarly journals The influence of orthodontic fixed appliances on the oral microbiota: A systematic review

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Osório Ayres de Freitas ◽  
Mariana Marquezan ◽  
Matilde da Cunha Gonçalves Nojima ◽  
Daniela Sales Alviano ◽  
Lucianne Cople Maia
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Statistical Treatment ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Fixed Appliances

Objective: To investigate whether there is scientific evidence to support the hypothesis that the presence of orthodontic fixed appliances influences the oral microbiota. Methods: The search for articles was conducted in PubMed; ISI Web of Knowledge and Ovid databases, including articles published in English until May 17th, 2012. They should report human observational studies presenting the following keywords: "fixed orthodontic appliance" AND "microbiological colonization"; OR "periodontal pathogens"; OR "Streptococcus"; OR "Lactobacillus"; OR "Candida"; OR "Tannerella forsythia"; OR "Treponema denticola"; OR "Fusobacterium nucleatum"; OR "Actimomyces actinomycetemcomitans"; OR "Prevotella intermedia", OR "Prevotella nigrescens"; OR "Porphyromonas gingivalis". Articles were previously selected by title and abstract. Articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed and classified as having low, moderate or high methodology quality. A new detailed checklist for quality assessment was developed based on the information required for applicable data extraction for reviews. The study design, sample, follow-up period, collection and microbial analysis methods, statistical treatment, results and discussion were assessed. Results: The initial search retrieved 305 articles of which 33 articles were selected by title and abstract. After full-text reading, 8 articles met the inclusion criteria, out of which 4 articles were classified as having low and 4 as moderate methodological quality. The moderate methodological quality studies were included in the systematic review. Conclusions: The literature revealed moderate evidence that the presence of fixed appliances influences the quantity and quality of oral microbiota.

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