ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ БЫКОВ-ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЕЙ РАЗЛИЧНОЙ СЕЛЕКЦИИ ПРИ РАЗВЕДЕНИИ СКОТА КОСТРОМСКОЙ ПОРОДЫ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.V. BARANOV ◽  
N.S. BARANOVA ◽  
А.А. KOROLEV
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Selective Breeding ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Line Crossing

Представлен материал по эффективности использования быков-производителей различной селекции при разведении скота костромской породы. В племенных организациях удой коров по данным бонитировки в 2018 году составил 6623 кг, содержание жира 4,23, белка 3,32, живая масса 548 кг. Наряду с быками отечественной селекции, при совершенствовании породы используют бурый швицкий скот из США, Канады и Австрии. Изучены методы получения быков-производителей различной селекции и их оценка по качеству потомства. Большинство быков были получены при использовании кроссов линий (74,1), из которых быки-улучшатели составили 55,0. На основании родительского индекса определена реализация генетического потенциала коров костромской породы. Проанализирована молочная продуктивность коров-первотелок в зависимости от разной кровности по улучшающей породе и селекции. Рассчитана рентабельность производства молока коров-первотелок разного происхождения.The article deals with the research results of use efficiency of stud bulls where multiple selection in the Kostroma cattle breed is used. In the year 2018 milk yield was 6623 kg on breed livestock farms, fat content 4,23, protein content 3,32, body weight 548 kg. Domestic stud bulls as well as Brown Swiss from the USA, Canada and Austria are used in the selective breeding. The methods of stud bull production in the multiple selection and progeny records are studied. Most of the bulls were produced by means of line-crossing (74,1), 55,0 of them were bull-improvers. The genetic potential of the Kostroma breed at stud breeding is determined. Milk production of first-calf cows depending on pedigree and selection is analyzed. Milk production efficiency of first-calf cows received in the multiple selection is calculated.

scholarly journals The influence of the factor "genetic value of the sire" on the implementation of the genetic potential of the indicator "milk production of maximum lactation" of the Yaroslavl breed cows

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
N.M. Kosyachenko ◽  
A.V. Konovalov ◽  
E.A. Nikolaeva ◽  
M.A. Malyukova ◽  
M.P. Petrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Generalized Linear Models ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Main Food ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Genetic Value

Dairy products are the main food elements of the man. Milk is the sole food for infants and it plays an important role in feeding of the sick, convalescent, and healthy adults. The Yaroslavl Region is a leading region of the Yaroslavl cattle breed. Therefore, the aim of our research was to determine the strength and reliability of the influence of the factor ?genetic value of the sire? on productive characteristics of animals as a factor that helps to increase the productivity of animals. When we determine the strength of the influence of factors for statistical data we used the procedure of generalized linear models (General Linear Models - GLM), and evaluation components of phenotypic variation attributes were analyzed by multivariate dispersive analysis. Our research has allowed to allocate bulls with genetic value which has the improving effect. Using the recommended lines the farmers of the Yaroslavl region may increase productive characteristics of animals and the profit of the farms and improve the efficiency of breeding.

scholarly journals Kostroma cattle breed in the new century: the state and the prospects (review)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-547
Author(s):  
A. V. Baranov ◽  
N. Yu. Paramonova ◽  
N. S. Baranova ◽  
N. Yu. Guseva ◽  
A. A. Korolev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Technical Science ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Current State ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Breeding Farms

The article reflects the current state and the prospects of the Kostroma cattle breed development. The creation and improvement of the breed anticipated the formation and further breed development in the domestic and world zoo technical science. In recent years, the number of Kostroma cattle breed has been unreasonably reducing despite its economic valuable traits. At the same time in the Kostroma region there are prospects for preserving the valuable gene pool of one of the best domestic dairy and meat cattle breeds. As a result of directed selection and breeding work with the use of Brown Swiss bulls, a stud milk breed "Karavaevsky KK-1" has been developed. At present cow-champions of the Kostroma breed give up to 12,000 kg of milk per lactation. The milk of the Kostroma breed cows has a high content of protein and fat. The animals of Kostroma breed have good meat qualities, high resistance to a number of diseases, strong ungulate horn, easy adaptability to intensive technologies, good fertility and high productive longevity. To save the Kostroma breed it is important to put on 8-10 bulls of 8 planned lines and related groups for the validation and accumulation of sperm every year. The restoration of previously created lines with high genetic potential should be foreseen. It is necessary to identify and actively use the stud bulls bred in their own breeding farms; to conduct a linear assessment of bulls and daughter heifers by body type for more competent selection. In addition to the generally accepted forms and methods of selection, it is necessary to continue immunogenetic control of the authenticity of the origin of breeding animals and introduce modern methods of DNA technology to assess the breeding and productive qualities of cattle, which will reveal valuable genetic complexes in the best breeding animals and thus 1.5-2 times accelerate the selection processes.Conflict of interest: the authors stated that there was no conflict of interest.

scholarly journals Productive performance of dairy cows fed with hydrolyzed sugarcane

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1848-1853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donizeti Teixeira Junior ◽  
Regis Luis Missio ◽  
Mariana Paula Rossi Sforcini ◽  
Mauro Dal Secco de Oliveira ◽  
Viviane Borba Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Genetic Potential

This study aimed to evaluate the productive performance of dairy cows fed with sugarcane treated with 5g kg-1 of calcium oxide (CaO) or hydroxide [Ca(OH)2]. Eight Holstein cows with 638.01±12.52kg of body weight and milk yield of 20.32±1.5kg d-1 were randomly assigned into two 4x4 Latin squares, fed with the following diets composed of corn silage (CS), fresh sugarcane (FS), sugarcane treated with calcium oxide (STCO) or calcium hydroxide (STCH) as only forage. Data collection lasted five days, after 15 days of adaptation to diets and facilities. The dry matter intake (% of body weight) was higher in diets with CS (3.08) compared to those with FS (2.67), STCO (2.73) or STCH (2.73), which did not differ. Diets with CS determined milk production adjusted for 4% fat (20.05kg d-1) similar to diets containing STCO and STCH (18.01 and 17.89kg d-1, respectively) and higher than those with FS (17.33kg d-1). The experimental diets did not alter the composition of milk. The use of sugarcane treated with Ca(OH)2 is a viable option for feeding Holstein cows with average genetic potential for milk production because it allows production and composition similar to milk dairy cows fed with corn silage, besides benefiting the logistics of feeding in the rural properties.

scholarly journals Body size in beef cows and its influence on calf production

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 3299-3310
Author(s):  
Carina Crizel da Vara ◽  
◽  
Magali Floriano da Silveira ◽  
Ricardo Zambarda Vaz ◽  
João Restle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
The Body ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
The Difference

Cattle farming becomes more intensive when the productive efficiency of the cows is increased, and nutrition is adjusted to the animal biotype. Eighty purebred Charolais and Nellore cows and their crosses between 3 and 7 years of age, were grouped for body weight at calving into Light (332.6 kg), Moderate (385.3 kg) and Heavy (444.6 kg). Cows and their calves were weighed at calving, at 63 days (early weaning) and at 210 days. The estimated milk production of the cows was evaluated by manual milking at 21, 42 and 63 days postpartum. The difference in the weight of the cows at calving was maintained during lactation and at 210 days postpartum. The body size of the cow did not influence milk production. Heavier cows produce heavier calves up to 365 days of age compared to lighter cows. The reproductive performance of the cows is not affected by their weight. The production of kilograms of calf for every 100 kilograms of cow at calving and weaning is higher in Light cows. The production of kilograms of calf adjusted for the pregnancy rate of the cows is higher in Heavy cows. Production efficiency in kilograms of calf per area is lower in Heavy cows.

Milk Production Efficiency as Dependent on the Scale of Production and Cow Management Systems on Dairy Farms

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Wroński ◽  
Marek Cichocki ◽  
Katarzyna Borkowska ◽  
Jan Redmer
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Management Systems

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EVALUATION RESULTS OF HOLSTEIN BLACK-MOTLEY BREEDING BULLS BY THEIR DAUGHTERS’ PRODUCTIVITY BASED ON OFFICIAL INSTRUCTIONS AND BLUP MODEL

2020 ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
K.ZH. ZHUMANOV ◽  
◽  
T.N. KARYMSAKOV ◽  
M.A. KINEEV ◽  
M.V. TAMAROVSKIY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Current Instruction ◽  
The Republic

According to the current “Instruction” used in dairy cattle selection and breeding in the Republic of Kazakhstan, bulls-producers of dairy breeds are assessed according to the their offspring quality based on the principle of “peer daughter”. This means that the phenotypic indicators of the daughters of the tested bulls are compared with the corresponding indicators of their peers. In European countries with developed dairy cattle breeding, as well as in Canada, the USA, etc., to ensure a reliable forecast of the genetic value of individuals (primarily, bulls-producers), use is made of the best linear unbiased forecast method (BLUP method). This method implies that the breeding value of producers is determined by the deviation values of the development of traits of the examined animal from its average values in the population. Especially urgent area is the research aimed at improving breeding programs, including assessing the breeding value of bulls-producers of dairy breeds using BLUP methods based on the productive qualities of the mass of dairy cattle in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The research material included the data on the phenotypic indicators of the milk productivity of first-calf cows (the amount of milk yield, the content of fat and protein in milk, the yield of milk fat and protein) of the Holstein black-motley dairy cattle breed, obtained from the information and analytical database of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2016–2017. It was found that when evaluating according to the official “Instruction”, 16 sires out of 256 bulls (6.2%) got the stud category in 2016, 14 sires (9.2%) out of 152 bulls in 2017, and – 30 sires of 249 bulls (12.0%) over the cumulative period. The results of the conducted research prove that the use of the classic “Instructions” in dairy cattle breeding has lower efficiency (by 42.8–90.0%) as compared with the assessment of the breeding value of bulls based on the BLUP method.The selection of sire bulls into breeding groups based on the “peer daughter” methodology is not reliable enough and rather ineffective. Comparing the results of assessing the breeding qualities of sire bulls, obtianed using two methods in all compared periods (2016, 2017, 2016–2017), the authors established a clear superiority of the BLUP method over the current Instruction used in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

INFLUENCE OF HEREDITARY FACTORS ON THE PRODUCTIVE QUALITIES OF COWS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Елена Александровна Прищеп ◽  
Алла Сергеевна Герасимова ◽  
Диана Вячеславовна Леутина
Keyword(s):  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Hereditary Factors ◽  
The Relationship

Определена степень влияния (изменчивость, корреляция, наследуемость) наследственных факторов на проявление продуктивных качеств животных. Объект исследований - продуктивность коров (664 гол.) бурой швицкой породы по первой и максимальной лактациям и в зависимости от линейной принадлежности. Данные расчетов доказывают связь между генетически заложенным потенциалом и продуктивностью. The degree of influence (variability, correlation, heritability) of hereditary factors on the manifestation of productive qualities of animals is determined. The object of research is the productivity of cows (664 heads) of the brown Swiss breed for the first and maximum lactations, depending on the linear affiliation. These calculations prove the relationship between the genetic potential and productivity.

Comparison of milk production, mastitis, lameness and days to conception of Brown Swiss, Holstein and Holstein cross Brown Swiss dairy cattle

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 86-86
Author(s):  
G Wellwood ◽  
J K Margerison
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Holstein Friesian

Mastitis is a complex disease causing inflammation of the udder, which has been estimated to cost the dairy farmer between £40-£117/cow per year (Stott et al., 2002). Economic loss occurs as a result of discarded milk, reduced milk yield and milk quality, increased vet costs and an increase in replacement costs. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of breed on the incidence of mastitis and somatic cell counts and milk production capabilities of Holstein Friesian, Brown Swiss and Brown Swiss crossbred cows.

Economics of respiratory disease in dairy replacement heifers

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Michael W. Overton
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Incident Case ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
On Farm ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selective Culling

AbstractBovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a frequent disease concern in dairy cattle and is most commonly diagnosed in young dairy heifers. The impact of BRD is highly variable, depending on the accuracy and completeness of detection, effectiveness of treatment, and on-farm culling practices. Consequences include decreased rate of weight gain, a higher culling risk either as heifers or as cows, delayed age at first service, delayed age at first calving, and in some cases, lower future milk production. In this data set of 104,100 dairy replacement heifers from across the USA, 36.6% had one or more cases diagnosed within the first 120 days of age with the highest risk of new cases occurring prior to weaning. Comparison of the raising cost for heifers with BRD and those without a recorded history of BRD resulted in an estimated cost per incident case occurring in the first 120 days of age of $252 or $282, depending upon whether anticipated future milk production differences were considered or not. Current market conditions contributed to a cost estimate that is significantly higher than previously published estimates, driven in part by the losses associated with selective culling of a subset of heifers that experienced BRD.

scholarly journals Milk Production, Body Weight, Body Condition Score, Activity, and Rumination of Organic Dairy Cattle Grazing Two Different Pasture Systems Incorporating Cool- and Warm-Season Forages

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 264
Author(s):  
Kathryn E. Ritz ◽  
Bradley J. Heins ◽  
Roger D. Moon ◽  
Craig C. Sheaffer ◽  
Sharon L. Weyers
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Organic Dairy ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
System 2 ◽  
System 1

Organic dairy cows were used to evaluate the effect of two organic pasture production systems (temperate grass species and warm-season annual grasses and cool-season annuals compared with temperate grasses only) across two grazing seasons (May to October of 2014 and 2015) on milk production, milk components (fat, protein, milk urea nitrogen (MUN), somatic cell score (SCS)), body weight, body condition score (BCS), and activity and rumination (min/day). Cows were assigned to two pasture systems across the grazing season at an organic research dairy in Morris, Minnesota. Pasture System 1 was cool-season perennials (CSP) and Pasture System 2 was a combination of System 1 and warm-season grasses and cool-season annuals. System 1 and System 2 cows had similar milk production (14.7 and 14.8 kg d−1), fat percentage (3.92% vs. 3.80%), protein percentage (3.21% vs. 3.17%), MUN (12.5 and 11.5 mg dL−1), and SCS (4.05 and 4.07), respectively. Cows in System 1 had greater daily rumination (530 min/day) compared to cows in System 2 (470 min/day). In summary, warm-season annual grasses may be incorporated into grazing systems for pastured dairy cattle.

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