scholarly journals The Dharmaputrikā Saṃhitā: Preliminary Notes on an Early Text on Yoga

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 5-76
Author(s):  
Christèle Barois ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Yoga Practice ◽  
Ancient Text ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Text ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
High Level ◽  
Indian Medicine

This essay aims to present the current state of research on the Dharmaputrikā Saṃhitā, an ancient text on yoga which describes, with an exceptional depth of detail and a high level of bodily technicality, internal yogic practices. The study of the Dharmaputrikā Saṃhitā was initiated as part of the ERC-funded AyurYog project, which was led by Dagmar Wujastyk (2015–2020), whose central aim was to examine the link between yoga and classical Indian medicine, two distinct fields of knowledge in the Sanskrit tradition. Not only does chapter Ten (called yogacikitsā) of the Dharmaputrikā Saṃhitā describe “therapy in the context of yoga practice,” but it also appears to integrate within its discourse the practice’s physical and mental effects on the body at each stage of the yoga process, thus reflecting an empirical knowledge of physiology. This essay introduces the dating, authorship, textual history, and reception of the text. It provides preliminary research on parallel passages in other works, and proposes that the Dharmaputrikā Saṃhitā is a textual testimony of ancient yoga practices referred to as the “yoga of Hiraṇyagarbha.” On the basis of the critical edition, which is yet to be published, it offers the reader an annotated and detailed summary of the work’s content, along with various discussions of important questions raised by broader considerations on the history of ancient yoga.

ORGANOPHOSPHORUS NEUROTOXINS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariya Andriyanova ◽  
Aslanli Aslanli ◽  
Nataliya Basova ◽  
Viktor Bykov ◽  
Sergey Varfolomeev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Protection ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Current State ◽  
Physicochemical Biology ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Warfare Agents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physicochemical Methods ◽  
State Of Research

The collective monograph is devoted to discussing the history of creation, studying the properties, neutralizing and using organophosphorus neurotoxins, which include chemical warfare agents, agricultural crop protection chemical agents (herbicides and insecticides) and medicines. The monograph summarizes the results of current scientific research and new prospects for the development of this field of knowledge in the 21st century, including the use of modern physicochemical methods for experimental study and theoretical analysis of biocatalysis and its mechanisms based on molecular modeling with supercomputer power. The book is intended for specialists who are interested in the current state of research in the field of organophosphorus neurotoxins. The monograph will be useful for students, graduate students, researchers specializing in the field of physical chemistry, physicochemical biology, chemical enzymology, toxicology, biochemistry, molecular biology and genetics, biotechnology, nanotechnology and biomedicine.

scholarly journals Fear of body symptoms and sensations in patients with panic disorders and patients with somatic diseases

2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 659-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Latas ◽  
Danilo Obradovic ◽  
Marina Pantic
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
General Population ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Somatic Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Body Sensations ◽  
High Level

Introduction. A cognitive model of aetiology of panic disorder assumes that people who experience frequent panic attacks have tendencies to catastrophically interpret normal and benign somatic sensations - as signs of serious illness. This arise the question: is this cognition specific for patients with panic disorder and in what intensity it is present in patients with serious somatic illness and in healthy subjects. Objective. The aim of the study was to ascertain the differences in the frequency and intensity of 'catastrophic' cognitions related to body sensations, and to ascertain the differences in the frequency and intensity of anxiety caused by different body sensations all related to three groups of subjects: a sample of patients with panic disorder, a sample of patients with history of myocardial infarction and a sample of healthy control subjects from general population. Methods. Three samples are observed in the study: A) 53 patients with the diagnosis of panic disorder; B) 25 patients with history of myocardial infarction; and C) 47 healthy controls from general population. The catastrophic cognitions were assessed by the Agoraphobic Cognitions Questionnaire (ACQ) and the Body Sensations Questionnaire (BSQ). These questionnaires assess the catastrophic thoughts associated with panic and agoraphobia (ACQ) and the fear of body sensations (BSQ). All study subjects answered questionnaires items, and the scores of the answers were compared among the groups. Results. The results of the study suggest that: 1) There is no statistical difference in the tendency to catastrophically interpret body sensations and therefore to induce anxiety in the samples of healthy general population and patients with history of myocardial infarction; 2) The patients with panic disorder have a statistically significantly more intensive tendency to catastrophically interpret benign somatic symptoms and therefore to induce a high level of anxiety in comparison to the sample of patients with the history of serious somatic illness (myocardial infarction) and the sample of healthy general population. Conclusion. The tendency to catastrophically interpret benign somatic symptoms and therefore to induce a high level of anxiety in patients with panic disorder, confirms the cognitive aetiology model of panic disorder and suggests that it should be the focus of prophylactic and therapeutic management of patients with panic disorder.

scholarly journals Student Feedback on Teaching in Schools: Current State of Research and Future Perspectives

2021 ◽  
pp. 259-271
Author(s):  
Wolfram Rollett ◽  
Hannah Bijlsma ◽  
Sebastian Röhl
Keyword(s):  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Teaching Quality ◽  
Student Feedback ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Feedback Information ◽  
Current State ◽  
Feedback Culture ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

AbstractThe aim of this volume was to give a comprehensive overview of the current state of the research on student perceptions of and student feedback on teaching. This chapter provides a resume of the important theoretical considerations and empirical evidence the authors contributed to this volume. First, evidence concerning the validity of student perceptions of teaching quality is discussed, highlighting the quality of the questionnaires used and accompanying materials provided by their authors. In the next step, empirical findings are summarized on student and teacher characteristics that can influence important processes within the feedback cycle. Subsequently, it is emphasized that the effectiveness of student feedback on teaching is significantly related to the nature of the individual school’s feedback culture. Furthermore, it is argued that the efficacy of student feedback depends on whether teachers are provided with a high level of support, when making use of the feedback information to improve their teaching practices. As the literature review impressively documents‚ teachers, teaching, and ultimately students can benefit substantially from student feedback on teaching in schools.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Laura Kounine
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
History Of Emotions ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Western Germany ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Witch ◽  
Witch Hunts

This Introduction sets out the intentions of this book: to use the rich witch-trial records from the early modern duchy of Württemberg in south-western Germany to explore the central themes of emotions, gender, and selfhood. It provides an overview of the key historiographical debates on witchcraft persecutions in the early modern period, and suggests new questions that need to be asked. It also provides a methodological and theoretical framework in which to address these questions, and provides an overview of the current state of the field of the history of emotions, and, by drawing on psychological approaches to listening to self-narratives, it suggests ways in which historical studies of emotions can be pushed further by incorporating the body and subjective states. It also sets out the legal, political, and religious framework of the Lutheran duchy of Württemberg, in order to put the witch-hunts in this region into context.

scholarly journals Developing a Chronology Integrating Archaeological and Environmental Data from Different Contexts: The Late Holocene Sequence of Ounjougou (Mali)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Ozainne ◽  
Laurent Lespez ◽  
Yann Le Drezen ◽  
Barbara Eichhorn ◽  
Katharina Neumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anthropogenic Fires ◽  
Holocene Stratigraphy ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
A Site

At Ounjougou, a site complex situated in the Yamé River valley on the Bandiagara Plateau (Dogon country, Mali), multidisciplinary research has revealed a rich archaeological and paleoenvironmental sequence used to reconstruct the history of human-environment interactions, especially during the Late Holocene (3500–300 cal BC). Geomorphological, archaeological, and archaeobotanical data coming from different sites and contexts were combined in order to elaborate a chronocultural and environmental model for this period. Bayesian analysis of 54 14C dates included within the general Late Holocene stratigraphy of Ounjougou provides better accuracy for limits of the main chronological units, as well as for some particularly important events, like the onset of agriculture in the region. The scenario that can be proposed in the current state of research shows an increasing role of anthropogenic fires from the 3rd millennium cal BC onwards, and the appearance of food production during the 2nd millennium cal BC, coupled with a distinctive cultural break. The Late Holocene sequence ends around 300 cal BC with an important sedimentary hiatus that lasts until the end of the 4th century cal AD.

Role of the music therapy in neurorehabilitation of patients with disorders of consciousness – looking for rules of evidence based practice

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
T. Komendziński ◽  
E. Mikołajewska ◽  
D. Mikołajewski ◽  
J. Dreszer ◽  
B. Bałaj
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Minimally Conscious State ◽  
Conscious State ◽  
Disorders Of Consciousness ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
High Level ◽  
Minimally Conscious

Neurological early and long-term rehabilitation plays a crucial role in the therapy of patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) such as unresponsive wakefulness syndrome or minimally conscious state. Neuroscience tries to explain the effect of music therapy on all levels of the nervous system = activity in patients with DOC, but full understanding is still incomplete. This paper attempts to answer how current clinical outcomes may reflect the influence of various factors including music's capacity. Based on their interdisciplinary perspective and previous experiences, the authors try to investigate the extent to which current occupations have been explored. The authors analyzed the literature data concerning the results of the studies published until the first half of 2016, to sum up the current state of research. Research in the main databases: PubMed, PEDro, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition was made using specified keywords and inclusion and exclusion criteria. Next, the authors sorted them all out into a coherent view of the current state. Music listening may constitute a part of an enriched environment setting. However, due to weak evidence, the therapeutic value of music-based interventions in patients with DOC is uneven or limited. The role of music therapy is thus complementary. Standardized clinical settings, protocols, and behavioral measures should be developed to increase its clinical validity, reliability, sensitivity, and objectivity. There is a reasonable hypothesis that music may produce a high level of diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes as stimuli usually reflecting strong personal meaning in patients with DOC.

scholarly journals W kręgu badań nad dziejami emigracyjnego parlamentaryzmu Recenzja publikacji: Depozyt Niepodległości. Rada Narodowa Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej na uchodźstwie (1939–1991), red. Zbigniew Girzyński, Paweł Ziętara

2020 ◽  
Vol 5(160) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Paweł Gotowiecki
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
National Council ◽  
World War ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Post War

The reviewed publication contains post-conference materials, presented during the conference held in 2016 in Warsaw, entitled “The Deposit of Independence. National Council of the Republic of Poland in Exile (1939–1991)”. The volume consists of 18 articles, published in chronological and topical order, devoted to the selected issues of the history of the Polish parliamentarianism in exile during World War II and in the post-war period. The authors of the articles discussed various aspects of the activities of the National Council of the Republic of Poland in Exile, such as the participation of national minorities in the work of the quasi-parliament, biographies of the chosen parliamentarians, or the selected elements of “parliamentary practices”. This publication is not a synthesis but it supplements and develops the current state of research on the activities of the Polish quasi-parliamentary institutions in exile.

scholarly journals On the 125th anniversary of the discovery of radioactivity: history of development and current state of regulation of the provision of the radiation safety of the public

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-16
Author(s):  
G. G. Onischenko ◽  
I. K. Romanovich ◽  
O. A. Istorik ◽  
A. V. Vodovatov ◽  
A. M. Biblin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Federal State ◽  
X Rays ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
Current State ◽  
125Th Anniversary ◽  
History Of ◽  
Radiobiological Effects ◽  
High Level

This paper is focused on the history of development and current state of regulation of the provision of radiation safety of the public. It includes data on the history of discovery of the X-rays, radioactivity and development of the atomic industry in the USSR and in the world as well as the issues of evaluation of the radiobiological effects of the ionizing radiation on the human and history of the development of regulations. It is indicated, that the principles of the radiation safety, norms and approaches to the provision of the radiation protection presented in the Federal state Law № 3-FZ “On the radiation safety of the public” and NRB 99/2009 fully comply with the ICRP Publication 60 (1990) and International Basic Safety Standard (IAEA, 1997). For decades, FZ-3 and NRB 99/2009 have allowed provisioning the high level of radiation safety of the personnel and the public.

scholarly journals Literatura Normativa Pragmática e a Produção de Conhecimento Normativo nos Impérios Ibéricos do Início da Idade Moderna (Séculos XVI-XVII)

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-44
Author(s):  
Thomas Duve
Keyword(s):  
Moral Theology ◽  
Legal Tradition ◽  
Current State ◽  
Normative Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
Normative Practices ◽  
The Media ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Definition Of

RESUMOEste capítulo introdutório tem por objetivo mostrar o papel da ‘literatura normativa pragmática’ no regime histórico de produção de conhecimento nos impérios ibéricos do início da modernidade (séculos XVI-XVII) e definir esse gênero literário em vista de sua função. Ele começa com uma tentativa de apresentar a história do direito dos impérios ibéricos como parte de uma tradição jurídica que pode ser compreendida como um enorme processo diacrônico de intertextualidade, uma longa história de atos reiterativos de tradução de informação normativa em conhecimento normativo. Ele destaca a razão pela qual o conhecimento normativo produzido por atores religiosos foi de grande significância dentro da economia do conhecimento dos impérios ibéricos nos séculos XVI e XVII e como teologia prática, práticas normativas e literatura pragmática estavam entrelaçadas. Dessa reconstrução de certas características fundamentais, é possível sugerir a definição de ‘literatura normativa pragmática’, resumir o atual estado das pesquisas sobre as formas de comunicação que compuseram o gênero e concluir com alguns comentários sobre porque a literatura pragmática pode ter sido de especial significância para governar um império.PALAVRAS-CHAVEHistória do direito. Teologia moral. História do Conhecimento. América Latina Colonial. História do livro jurídico.ABSTRACTThis introductory chapter aims to show the role of ‘pragmatic normative literature’ in the historical regime of knowledge production in the early modern Iberian Empires during the 16th and 17th centuries and to define this literary genre in the light of this function. It starts with an attempt to present the legal history of the Iberian empires as part of a legal tradition that can be understood as a huge diachronic process of intertextuality, a long history of reiterative acts of translating normative information into normative knowledge. It outlines why normative knowledge produced by religious actors was of overwhelming significance within the knowledge economy of the 16th- and 17th-century Iberian empires and how practical theology, normative practices and pragmatic literature were intertwined. From this reconstruction of certain fundamental characteristics, it is possible to suggest a definition of ‘pragmatic normative literature’, to summarise the current state of research on the media that comprised this genre and to conclude with some remarks on why pragmatic literature might have been of special significance for governing an empire.KEYWORDSLegal History. Moral Theology. History of Knowledge. Colonial Latin America. History of Legal Books.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document