Faculty Opinions recommendation of Renal Denervation Prevents Immune Cell Activation and Renal Inflammation in Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension.

Author(s):  
Alastair Ferguson
2015 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Xiao ◽  
Annet Kirabo ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Mohamed A. Saleh ◽  
Linjue Zhu ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramya Kalyana Kumar ◽  
Yongliang Yang ◽  
Andres G. Contreras ◽  
Hannah Garver ◽  
Sudin Bhattacharya ◽  
...  

Graphical AbstractSex-differences in immune cell activation status (numbers/mean fluorescence intensity) in MRPVAT (A) and APVAT (B). (Key: e.g., at 10 weeks, higher density/MFI of M1-like macrophages occur in CD females vs. CD males in MRPVAT.) Differences in mean arterial pressure between HFD and respective CD-fed rats are presented as mm Hg [Supplementary Figure 1 and as measured by radiotelemetry (Fernandes et al., 2018)] with 10, 17, and 24 weeks on diet.


2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Elijovich ◽  
Cheryl L. Laffer ◽  
Melis Sahinoz ◽  
Ashley Pitzer ◽  
Jane F. Ferguson ◽  
...  

Abstract Purpose of Review Salt sensitivity of blood pressure (SSBP) is an independent predictor of death due to cardiovascular events and affects nearly 50% of the hypertensive and 25% of the normotensive population. Strong evidence indicates that reducing sodium (Na+) intake decreases blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular events. The precise mechanisms of how dietary Na+ contributes to elevation and cardiovascular disease remain unclear. The goal of this review is to discuss mechanisms of salt-induced cardiovascular disease and how the microbiome may play a role. Recent Findings The innate and adaptive immune systems are involved in the genesis of salt-induced hypertension. Mice fed a high-salt diet exhibit increased inflammation with a marked increase in dendritic cell (DC) production of interleukin (IL)-6 and formation of isolevuglandins (IsoLG)-protein adducts, which drive interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and IL-17A production by T cells. While prior studies have mainly focused on the brain, kidney, and vasculature as playing a role in salt-induced hypertension, the gut is the first and largest location for Na+ absorption. Research from our group and others strongly suggests that the gut microbiome contributes to salt-induced inflammation and hypertension. Summary Recent studies suggest that alterations in the gut microbiome contribute to salt-induced hypertension. However, the contribution of the microbiome to SSBP and its underlying mechanisms are not known. Targeting the microbiota and the associated immune cell activation could conceivably provide the much-needed therapy for SSBP.


2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (37) ◽  
pp. 4806-4814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitta Buttari ◽  
Elisabetta Profumo ◽  
Rita Businaro ◽  
Luciano Saso ◽  
Raffaele Capoano ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius Keller ◽  
Valbona Mirakaj ◽  
Michael Koeppen ◽  
Peter Rosenberger

AbstractCardiovascular pathologies are often induced by inflammation. The associated changes in the inflammatory response influence vascular endothelial biology; they complicate the extent of ischaemia and reperfusion injury, direct the migration of immune competent cells and activate platelets. The initiation and progression of inflammation is regulated by the classical paradigm through the system of cytokines and chemokines. Therapeutic approaches have previously used this knowledge to control the extent of cardiovascular changes with varying degrees of success. Neuronal guidance proteins (NGPs) have emerged in recent years and have been shown to be significantly involved in the control of tissue inflammation and the mechanisms of immune cell activation. Therefore, proteins of this class might be used in the future as targets to control the extent of inflammation in the cardiovascular system. In this review, we describe the role of NGPs during cardiovascular inflammation and highlight potential therapeutic options that could be explored in the future.


Pteridines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-82
Author(s):  
Gregory Baxter-Parker ◽  
Ravinder Reddy Gaddam ◽  
Elena Moltchanova ◽  
Anitra Carr ◽  
Geoff Shaw ◽  
...  

AbstractIntroduction: Neopterin and 7,8-dihydroneopterin are used as biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation, but the effect of kidney function on these measurements has not been extensively explored. We examine the levels of oxidative stress, inflammation and kidney function in intensive patients and compare them to equivalent patients without sepsis.Methods: 34 Intensive care patients were selected for the study, 14 without sepsis and 20 with. Both groups had equivalent levels of trauma, assessed by SAPS II, SOFA, and APACHE II and III scores. Plasma and urinary neopterin and total neopterin (neopterin + 7,8-dihydroneopterin) values were measured.Results: Neopterin and total neopterin were significantly elevated in urine and plasma for multiple days in sepsis versus non-sepsis patients. Plasma neopterin and total neopterin have decreasing relationships with increased eGFR (p<0.008 and p<0.001, respectively). Plasma/urinary neopterin and total neopterin ratios demonstrate that total neopterin flux is more influenced by eGFR than neopterin, with significantce of p<0.02 and p<0.0002 respectively.Conclusion: Sepsis patients present with greater levels of oxidative stress and immune system activation than non-sepsis patients of equal levels of trauma, as measured by neopterin and total neopterin. eGFR may need to be taken into account when accessing the level of inflammation from urinary neopterin measurements.


Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1681
Author(s):  
Lucia Sophie Kilian ◽  
Derk Frank ◽  
Ashraf Yusuf Rangrez

Chronic inflammation, the activation of immune cells and their cross-talk with cardiomyocytes in the pathogenesis and progression of heart diseases has long been overlooked. However, with the latest research developments, it is increasingly accepted that a vicious cycle exists where cardiomyocytes release cardiocrine signaling molecules that spiral down to immune cell activation and chronic state of low-level inflammation. For example, cardiocrine molecules released from injured or stressed cardiomyocytes can stimulate macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils and even T-cells, which then subsequently increase cardiac inflammation by co-stimulation and positive feedback loops. One of the key proteins involved in stress-mediated cardiomyocyte signal transduction is a small GTPase RhoA. Importantly, the regulation of RhoA activation is critical for effective immune cell response and is being considered as one of the potential therapeutic targets in many immune-cell-mediated inflammatory diseases. In this review we provide an update on the role of RhoA at the juncture of immune cell activation, inflammation and cardiac disease.


Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1413
Author(s):  
Sofia Ojasalo ◽  
Petteri Piskunen ◽  
Boxuan Shen ◽  
Mauri A. Kostiainen ◽  
Veikko Linko

Viruses are among the most intriguing nanostructures found in nature. Their atomically precise shapes and unique biological properties, especially in protecting and transferring genetic information, have enabled a plethora of biomedical applications. On the other hand, structural DNA nanotechnology has recently emerged as a highly useful tool to create programmable nanoscale structures. They can be extended to user defined devices to exhibit a wide range of static, as well as dynamic functions. In this review, we feature the recent development of virus-DNA hybrid materials. Such structures exhibit the best features of both worlds by combining the biological properties of viruses with the highly controlled assembly properties of DNA. We present how the DNA shapes can act as “structured” genomic material and direct the formation of virus capsid proteins or be encapsulated inside symmetrical capsids. Tobacco mosaic virus-DNA hybrids are discussed as the examples of dynamic systems and directed formation of conjugates. Finally, we highlight virus-mimicking approaches based on lipid- and protein-coated DNA structures that may elicit enhanced stability, immunocompatibility and delivery properties. This development also paves the way for DNA-based vaccines as the programmable nano-objects can be used for controlling immune cell activation.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document