scholarly journals Evaluation of reaction to plant density of sunflower hybrids by regression and Kang’s stability analysis

2008 ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
András Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Density Level ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Crop Density ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Institute

The world production area and the total production of sunflower has significantly been growing. The harvested yield was 23.4 and 21.1 million ha in 2005 and 2001, respectively. The total sunflower seed production has also unexpectedly increased.Although sunflower is produced on lower quality soils in Hungary, in 2005 the average harvested yield was 2.43 t ha-1, which was the highest in the world. Sunflower is a typical commercial plant and fits well in the crop structure. Since in terms of acreage the most significant crops are corn and cereals, the partial monoculture cultivation cannot be avoided. Sunflower production is a way to eliminate this problem, therefore it has an important role both in cultivation and ecological points of view.Accordingly, sunflower has an important role in reducing the monoculture cultivation of some plants, as well as increasing biodiversity. Sunflower well adapts to Hungary’s climatic conditions and its production is easily practicable in our country.The reaction of sunflower hybrids on crop density change is different. Some hybrids are more some are less sensitive to this parameter. In different crop years, the crop density optimums of the different genotypes are also different. In Hungary, the yield and quality is primarily determined by fungal infections, while viruses and bacteria are less important.The research was conducted at the Látókép farm and Regional Research Institute of the University of Debrecen, Centre of Agricultural Sciences. The research institute is situated by Road 33,15 km from Debrecen in the Hajdúság. The duration of the experiment was seven years, 10 hybrids were examined in each year.Two hybrids used every year, Aréna/PR and Alexandra/PR hybrids were tested by Kang’s stability analysis. We found that Alexandra/PR was most balanced at every levels of crop density. Both hybrids performed most stable yield at 65000 ha-1 crop density level and less balanced at 35000 ha-1 crop density level. As a result of improved environmental conditions, the yield increase of Aréna/PR was higher than that of Alexandra/PR.Our regression analysis found that the maximum yield of Lympil, Louidor, Hysun 321, PR63A82 and PR64A63 hybrids were harvested at 47000-60000 plant ha-1 crop density level. The statistical analysis showed that the highest yield was harvested from Lympil and Hysun 321. As regards the crop yield, the most stable hybrids were Louidor and Lympil. The optimum crop density interval of Rigasol/PR and Larisol (58000 plant ha-1) was wider than that of Diabolo (46000 plant ha-1). The maximum yield of Larisol was higher at the optimal crop density level. As regards yield, Diabol was the most stable hybrid.The statistical analysis on the stability of the yield of Alexandra/PR and Aréna/PR showed that Aréna/PR is more stable, and its optimal crop density level is lower than that of Alexandra/PR.

scholarly journals Site and hybrid-specific agrotechnical models in sweet corn production

2011 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Ádám Lente
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Density Level ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
High Plant Density ◽  
Crop Density

The effect of three agrotechnical factors (sowing time, fertilization, plant density) and two genotypes on the crop yield of sweet corn was examined on chernozem soil in the Hajdúság region in two different crop years. Compared to the 30-year average, the climate was dry and warm in 2009 and humid in 2010. The experiments were conducted at the Látókép Research Site of the University of Debrecen. In the experiments we applied two sowing times (end of April, end of May), six fertilization levels (control, N30+PK, N60+PK, N90+PK, N120+PK, N150+PK) and two crop density levels (45 thousand ha-1, 65 thousand ha-1). The hybrids we used were Jumbo and Enterprise. As regards the requirements of sweet corn production, the crop year of 2009 was dry and warm. The effect of moisture deficiency was more adverse on the crop yields with the second sowing time. On the contrary, the other examined year (2010) was significantly humid; the precipitation was 184 mm above the 30-year average and the temperature was average.In the dry and hot crop year, the best yields were obtained with the hybrid Jumbo (25677 kg-1) at 65 thousand ha-1 plant density level on the average of the fertilization levels. The crop yields of Enterprise were also the highest at high plant density level (24444 kg ha-1). With the second sowing time the highest yields were obtained at the higher plant density level (65 thousand ha-1) with both hybrids (Jumbo 18978 kg ha-1, Enterprise 18991 kg ha-1), which confirmed the good adaptation capability of these hybrids at high plant density level. In humid crop year with early sowing time the highest yielding hybrid was Enterprise (at 45 thousand ha-1 crop density level 20757 kg-1), at the same time, Jumbo was best yielding at the higher plant density level (18781 kg-1). With the second sowing time the highest crop yield was obtained with Enterprise again (20628 kg ha-1 at 65 thousand ha-1 plant density level). With this sowing time the average yields of Jumbo, was 18914 kg ha-1 respectively. We found that dry crop year and early sowing time provided the best conditions for sweet corn production; the highest yields were obtained under these circumstances, which might be the results of the outstanding water management of chernozem  soils.

scholarly journals Complex appreciation of agrotechnikal factors of sweet corn (Zea Mays L. convar. saccharata Koern.)

2010 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Ádám Lente
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Density Level ◽  
Chernozem Soil ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Late Sowing

Three agrotechnical factors (sowing time, fertilization, plant density) and the effect of two different genotypes on the yields of sweet corn was studied, in the dry and warm crop-year of 2009 on a chernozem soil in the County of Hajdúság. The experiments were carried out on the Látókép Research Station of Debrecen University. The experiment involved two sowing times (21 of April and 19 of May), six fertilizer levels (control, N30+PK, N60+PK, N90+PK, N120+PK, N150+PK) and two genotypes (Jumbo, Enterprise). Four plant density levels, 45 thousand ha-1, 55 thousand ha-1, 65 thousand ha-1 and 75 thousand ha-1 were used. In the early sowing time the highest yield was obtained with 65 thousand ha-1 plant density level and N120+PK treatment of Jumbo (18169 kg ha-1), while the maximum yield of Enterprise was 17818 kg ha-1 with 75 thousand ha-1 plant density level and N90+PK dose. In case of the late sowing time both hybrids gave the highest yield with 75 thousand ha-1 plant density level and N30 +PKtreatment, with a crop yield of 13143 kg ha-1 (Jumbo) and 14324 kg ha-1, ( Enterprise). 

scholarly journals The effects of line spacing and harvest time on processing yield and root size of carrot for Cenourete® production

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milza M Lana
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Density Level ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Line Spacing

The effect of line spacing and harvest time on carrot and Cenourete®, a baby carrot-like product, yield were evaluated under conditions of Central Brazil winter. Seeds were sown in order to obtain 6, 8 and 10 lines/meter, what corresponded to a distance of 16.6, 12.5 and 10 cm between lines, respectively. Harvests were made 80, 90 and 100 days after sowing. The cultivars grown were open-pollinated Esplanada and hybrid SugarSnax 54. Root and Cenourete® yield varied with all the main factors and no interaction was significant. The root yield of both cultivars increased with later harvest at each density level. Yield of Esplanada root was only marginally affected by line spacing. Although significant, the effect of plant density on the yield of SugarSnax 54 accounted for less than 5% of the variation in the data set and differences between means were not significant by Tukey (α= 0.05). Cenourete® yield from Esplanada cultivar varied from 9.4±3.9 to 15.2±6.5 t/ha and from SugarSnax 54 it varied from 9.9±3.9 to 18.2±6.5 t/ha, depending on treatment. Anticipating harvest had a much greater effect in enhancing the recovery of Cenourete® from carrot roots than increasing plant density. Although it didn't affect total yield, decreasing line spacing to 10 cm was important to assure that a larger proportion of thinner roots were produced and consequently the production of superior quality Cenouretes® was higher. Harvest time was also important to determine the Cenourete® size since the increase in total production at later harvest was due to a higher proportion of larger Cenouretes®. The best combination line spacing x harvest time for Esplanada and SugarSnax 54 under the conditions of this experiment will depend whether the interest lies in the production of any or of a particular Cenourete® size.

scholarly journals effect of crop protection and agrotechnical factors on sunflower in the Hajdúság region

2010 ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
András Szabó ◽  
Lajos Fülöp Dóka
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Density Level ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Fungicide Treatment ◽  
Crop Density

Extreme weather conditions are becoming more and more frequent in the crop years, thus increase the risk of sunflower production.The objective of researches into plant production is to minimize these effects as much as possible. In this sense, the optimization ofagrotechnological factors is of high importance. Within these factors, the appropriate crop technology (sowing time, crop density)and optimized, rational crop protection technologies are important, especially in the highly sensitive sunflower cultures. The effect ofsowing time, crop density, and fungicide treatments on the yield of sunflower hybrids was analysed in different crop years in 2008and 2009. In each case, the infection was highest with the early sowing time and at the highest crop density level (65000 ha-1). Whenone fungicide treatment was applied, the rate of infection decreased compared to the control treatment. The further decrease of theinfection rate was less after the second fungicide treatment.In the humid year of 2008 the crop yield was the highest at 45000 ha-1 crop density level in the control treatment and at 55000 cropha-1 crop density level when fungicides were applied. In the draughty year of 2009 the maximum yield was gained at 55000 ha-1 cropdensity level in the control treatment and at 65000 crop ha-1 when fungicides were applied. In 2008 and 2009 as regards the cropyield, the difference between the optimal and minimal crop density levels was higher in the fungicide treatments than in the controltreatment (in 2008: control: 517 kg ha-1; one application of fungicides: 865 kg ha-1; two applications of fungicides: 842 kg ha-1), (in2009: control: 577 kg ha-1; one application of fungicides: 761 kg ha-1; two applications of fungicides: 905 kg ha-1).In each and every case, the first treatment with fungicides was more effective than the second. In 2008, the highest yield wasobtained with the third, late sowing time in each fungicide treatment. The differences between the crop yields with different sowingtimes was less than in 2009, when the results of the second treatment exceeded those of the first and third treatment in each case.

PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF EDUCATION AND TOLERANCE IN STUDENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-119
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR GLEB NAYDONOV
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
Interethnic Differences ◽  
The World ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
Psychological Features ◽  
Different Levels

The article considers the students’ tolerance as a spectrum of personal manifestations of respect, acceptance and correct understanding of the rich diversity of cultures of the world, values of others’ personality. The purpose of the study is to investgate education and the formation of tolerance among the students. We have compiled a training program to improve the level of tolerance for interethnic differences. Based on the statistical analysis of the data obtained, the most important values that are significant for different levels of tolerance were identified.

Awareness and perception of precautionary measures against Covid 19 exposure among dental practitioners- A questionnaire based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 550-557
Author(s):  
Harini P ◽  
Abilasha R
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Hands On ◽  
The World ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

The most unexpected pandemic global outbreak is COVID 19 which is a newly discovered viral infection which originated in Wuhan, China and it caused the outbreak of pneumonia in the rest of the world. Dental practitioners are more susceptible to COVID 19 infection as their work is related to the aerosol formation during various procedures through which the virus spreads. The aim of the study is to create awareness about precautionary measures against COVID- 19 exposure among dental practitioners in Tamilnadu. A Survey based questionnaire was formulated with questions related to the various precautionary measures to be adopted by dental practitioners which would be effective to prevent Covid-19 exposure. A questionnaire with a total of 20 questions was circulated among dental practitioners and the responses were collected by google forms SPSS software statistical analysis was done. The overall awareness of dental practitioners against Covid-19 was above average. The dental practitioners were relatively well aware of the precautions to be adopted while treating the patients, but the implementation in practice is lacking due absence of hands-on experience in using various kinds of PPE. There is a gap between knowledge and attitude and practice among the participants of this survey. It is therefore essential to plan for organising training sessions and hands-on workshops for the use of PPE and public training of the general population regarding Covid-19 to improve the knowledge among the patients visiting the dental clinic as well.

scholarly journals Experimental and Numerical Investigations on Conductive Drying of Phosphate Washing Waste Clay

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 482
Author(s):  
Fatiha Berroug ◽  
Yassir Bellaziz ◽  
Naaila Ouazzani ◽  
Fatima Ait Nouh ◽  
Abdessamad Hejjaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Moisture Diffusivity ◽  
Sample Thickness ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Numerical Investigations ◽  
The World ◽  
Drying System

Morocco is the leading producer of phosphate and its derivatives in the world with a total production of 35 Mt. However, the extraction and the valorization of this mine generate huge quantities of phosphate washing waste clay (PHWWC) that constitute a main environmental and economic concern. To facilitate this waste clay storage and handling, it is necessary to decrease its moisture content that represents 80% of PHWWC. The present paper is devoted to studying the conductive drying of PHWWC. Drying experiments were conducted in a laboratory pilot. Afterwards, the experiment results were implemented in a one-dimensional numerical model of heat and mass transfer in a porous media to identify the drying parameters and performances. It was found that most of the water contained in PHWWC is free water that is removed with a constant drying rate. The volume reduction with a marked cracks phenomenon attained 65% without any significant effect of drying temperature and sample thickness. The effective moisture diffusivity of the PHWWC for a conductive drying process is ranged between 10−9 and 1.1 × 10−8 m2·s−1. The thermal efficiency of the drying system is up to 86%. The results could be used for the purpose of design and scale-up of the industrial dryer based on laboratory-scale experiments.

The effects of plant density and fertilizer application on yield components in three marrow-stem kale (Brassica oleracea L.) varieties

1971 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Varietal Differences ◽  
Crop Density ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L ◽  
Effects Of Density

SummaryThe effects of crop density and fertilizer application on three varieties of marrowstem kale were investigated. The yield of stem, yield of leaf, components of leaf yield and plant height were studied separately. Varietal differences and effects of density and fertilizer application were significant for all characters, except for the effect of crop density on leaf and stem yield per ha.Significant variety x treatment interactions occurred for a number of the characters measured. The possible importance of these is discussed.

TRENDS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-422
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Pediatric Research ◽  
Great Effectiveness ◽  
Board Of Governors ◽  
Private Source ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Generous Contribution ◽  
The Common ◽  
Research Institute

THE origins and initial operations of Playtex Park Research Institute in support of pediatric research were reported in this column a year and a half ago. When the Institute was founded by the International Latex Corporation it was described as "an experiment in industrial giving." The accomplishments of the Institute to date justify the faith that the sponsor and the governing board had in the concept that industry and medicine can work as a team for the common good with great effectiveness. The medical world is well aware of the ever present necessity for the private augmentation of the pitifully small existing funds for pediatric research. It is indeed fortunate that Playtex Park Research Institute is the beneficiary of its sponsor's realistic and farsighted approach to this need. In the short period of less than three years, the Institute has received almost $700,000.00 in commitments from the International Latex Corporation which is indeed a generous contribution to the advancement of pediatric knowledge. This has made the Institute's sponsor the largest private source of funds for pediatric research in the country, and possibly the world. The sponsor insists on taking no part in deciding how this money is spent. Reflecting these wishes, such jurisdiction is placed solely in the hands of the 25 physicians comprising the Institute's Board of Governors.

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