scholarly journals Physiological traits and yield of three soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) genotypes as affected by water deficiency

2018 ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Oqba Basal ◽  
András Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Water Deficiency ◽  
Area Index ◽  
The Past ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Significant Yield

Soybean is a very important legume; it has the highest protein content, and it is a very important source of vegetable oil. Soybean is droughtsusceptible, and drought is one of the major abiotic stresses that has been increasing over the past decades as a result of the global climatic changes. To evaluate the influence of drought stress, three soybean genotypes were grown under rainfed conditions, and compared to irrigated controls. The obtained results showed that the chlorophyll content, leaf area index and plant height decreased under drought stress conditions, which led to noticeable and sometimes significant yield reduction. Our results suggest more specific studies on the physiological changes of the local soybean genotypes under drought stress to better select the adopted ones.

scholarly journals Penampilan Karakter Agronomi 16 Genotip Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merrill) pada Pertanaman Tumpangsari dengan Jagung (Zea mays L.) Pola 3:1

Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/436 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Acep Atma Wijaya ◽  
Hana D Rahayu ◽  
Adi R. H. Oksifa ◽  
Meddy Rachmadi ◽  
Agung Karuniawan
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Angle ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Soybean Genotype ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L

Kedelai merupakan komoditas pertanian yang sangat penting di Indonesia. Namun, produksi kedelai nasional belum dapat memenuhi kebutuhan kedelai nasional. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan menerapkan pola tanam tumpangsari kedelai dengan jagung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari genotip kedelai yang mampu beradaptasi pada pertanaman tumpangsari dengan jagung pola 3:1 serta menghitung produktivitas penggunaan lahan setiap genotip pada pertanaman tumpangsari dengan jagung pola 3:1. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). 16 genotip kedelai digunakan sebagai perlakuan, dan diulang sebanyak dua kali. Untuk melihat respons genotip pada pertanaman tumpangsari dilakukan dengan uji Least Significant Increase (LSI) pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Pendugaan produktivitas lahan pada setiap genotip dihitung berdasarkan nilai Nisbah Kesetaraan Lahan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan genotip kedelai yang memperlihatkan respons paling baik pada pertanaman tumpangsari kedelai jagung dibandingkan kultivar cek untuk tinggi tanaman yaitu genotip BTN 5 dan JT 3, karakter jumlah cabang produktif yaitu genotip BTN 5, karakter luas daun dan indeks luas daun yaitu genotip JT 3, karakter sudut daun yaitu genotip CK 6, karakter bobot per plot yaitu genotip KBI 2, dan Nisbah Kesetaraan Lahan yaitu genotip CK 6 dan KBI 2.Genotip   BTN 1, BTN 2, BTN 5, CK 15, CK 6, JT 3, KA 6, KA 7, KBI 2, KH 8, Cikuray dan Malikka memiliki nilai NKL lebih besar dari 1,0. Soybean is one of important agricultural commodity in Indonesia. However, the national soybean production is not sufficient to meet the needs of national soybean. Effort to do is by applying an intercropping soybean with corn. The objectives of the research was to find soybean genotypes that can adapt to intercropped plantation with corn in pattern of 3 : 1 as well as the productivity of the land use of each genotype in intercropping with maize in 3 : 1 pattern. The research used an experimental method randomized block design (RBD), 16 soybean genotypes as treatments, and repeated twice. To see the response of genotype in intercropping planting was done by using Least Significant Increase (LSI) at the level of significant 5%. Estimation of land productivity on each genotype was calculated with Land Equation Ratio value. The results showed that the best response of soybean genotype compared checks cultivar for plant height were genotype BTN 5 and JT 3, character number of productive branches was genotype BTN 5, the character of leaf area and leaf area index was genotype JT 3 , leaf angle character was genotype CK 6, characters of weights per plot was KBI 2 genotype and Land Equation Ratio value were  CK 6 and KBI 2. Genotypes of BTN 1, BTN 2, BTN 5, CK 15, CK 6, JT 3, KA 6, KA 7, KBI 2, KH 8, Cikuray and Malikka had Land Equivalent Ratio values greater than 1.0.

Effects of Nitrogen and Zinc Spray on Yield of Corn (Zea Mays L.) in Drought Stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
S.H. Mosavifeyzabadi ◽  
F. Vazin ◽  
M. Hassanzadehdelouei
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In hot and arid regions, drought stress is considered as one of the main reasons for yield reduction. To study the effect of drought stress, nitrogen and zinc spray on the yield and yield components of corn, an experiment was carried out during the crop seasons of 2010 and 2011 on Emam Khomeyni research Farm in Mahvellat as a split factorial within randomized complete block design with three replicates. The main plots with irrigation factor and three levels were considered: full irrigation, stopping irrigation at anthesis step and stopping irrigation at the seed filling stage. Subplots were considered with and without nitrogen and zinc spray. The drought stress reduced the grain yield in anthesis stage more than other stages. Drought stress effects significantly on stem and ear diameter, ear length, chlorophyll value, leaf area index, leaf relative water content, stem, ear and leaves dry weight, number grain in ear and row, number row in ear, unfilled seed percentage and thousand grains weight. Nitrogen increased the seed yield and yield component except thousand grains weight and the number of row in ear. Using Zn, as compared with control treatment, causes the increase of grain yield, thousand grains weight and number grain in ear 16.5, 9 and 5.5%, respectively. The results obtained from the present research showed that anthesis stage was most sensitive stage to drought stress. Also nitrogen and Zn could somewhat reduce the impact drought stress on corn.

scholarly journals AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS OF DROUGHT-TOLERANT SOYBEANS AT THE REPRODUCTIVE STAGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Muchlish Adie ◽  
Ayda Krisnawati
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Soybean Genotypes

In Indonesia, soybeans are typically cultivated during the dry season, thus making it prone to drought stress in the reproductive stage. The objective of the research was to characterize the agronomic characters of several soybean genotypes which were tolerant to drought at the reproductive stage. A total of 19 soybean genotypes were evaluated for its agronomic characters and tolerance to drought stress in Probolinggo (East Java, Indonesia) during the dry season (June – September). The research was arranged in a randomized block design with four replicates. Soybean cultivars were sown at two separate experiments, normal/optimal (plants were irrigated during the growth period) and stress (plants were irrigated up to 40 days after planting) conditions. Drought stress during the reproductive stage did not affect the characters of plant height, the number of branches per plant, the number of nodes per plant, and the number of pods per plant. Meanwhile, the number of empty pod, seed weight per plant, and seed yield were significantly affected. There were two genotypes which were identified as the tolerant genotypes to drought stress at the reproductive stage, i.e. MDT15-6-11 and MDT15-W-3034. The agronomic characters of MDT15-6-11 were showed as having a low percentage of yield reduction, hence it was able to mantain its high yield. The MDT15-W-3034 was identified as drought-tolerant due to the slow wilting, high plant character, a slow vegetative phase, and high yields. The genotypes obtained from this study could be recommended to be released as new soybean drought-tolerant varieties due to its high yield and tolerant to drought stress. Those genotypes could also be used as gene donors for soybean improvement to drought stress at the reproductive stage.  

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan dan hasil genotipe kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merril) pada tiga tingkat cekaman kekeringan

Agromix ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-165
Author(s):  
Nia Romania Patriyawaty ◽  
Gatut W. Anggara
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Morphological Character ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Generative Phase

Drought stress is a major constraint to the production and yield stability of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr). Drought stress at the generative phase had a negative impact on soybean potential yield significantly. This study evaluated variation in five soybean genotypes (G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5) in their response to the three levels (100% of field capacity (D1), 80% from field capacity (D2) and 60% from field capacity (D3)) of drought stress in a glass house. This study was arranged in a factorial randomized completely block design with three replications. Results showed that all five genotypes responded significantly (P<0.05) to the drought stress treatments in soybean yield. The average yield was respectively reduced by 8.4% and 11.6% in the D2 and D3 treatments, respectively, compared to the D1 (control). Percent reduction of yield for genotype G4 (19.8%) was lower compared to other genotypes. This is indicated that genotype G4 tolerance to drought stress. The evaluation on the morphological character was potentially to become a screening tool for soybean breeding program.  

Morphological and Physiological Performance of Indian Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Genotypes in Respect to Drought 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishi Mishra ◽  
M.K. Tripathi ◽  
Sushma Tiwari ◽  
Niraj Tripathi ◽  
Neha Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Physiological Analysis ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Background: Soybean is a key crop that grants an imperative supply of oils and proteins to humans and animals; however, its productivity spectacularly diminished owing to the occurrence of drought stress. Methods: The present investigation was executed during Kharif 2018-2019 to recognize drought tolerant genotypes on the basis of an array of morpho-physiological traits. Morpho-physiological analysis among 53 genotypes divulged the existence of drought tolerance capability in studied genotypes.Result: On the basis of current findings, it can be concluded that drought stress retards the growth and metabolic activity of soybean genotypes. These parameters showed considerable amount of variability under drought stress at different growth stages in soybean. Among 53 soybean genotypes, four genotypes viz., JS97-52, AMS 2014-1, RVS-14 and NRC-147 was found to be drought tolerant.

scholarly journals The impact of horse purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum L.) infestation on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] productivity in northern irrigated plains of Pakistan

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257083
Author(s):  
Khuram Mubeen ◽  
Muhammad Shehzad ◽  
Naeem Sarwar ◽  
Haseeb ur Rehman ◽  
Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Trianthema Portulacastrum ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
The Impact

Horse purslane (Trianthema portulacstrum L.) is an important weed of soybean crop capable of causing significant yield reduction. Therefore, this study assessed the impact of horse purslane and other weeds’ infestation on the productivity of soybean. Ten treatments, i.e., weed-free throughout the growing season, horse purslane-free till 20, 40 and 60 days after emergence (DAE), all weeds-free till 20, 40 and 60 DAE, weedy-check (excluding horse purslane), weedy-check (horse purslane alone) and weedy-check (all weeds) were included in the study. Data relating to density and dry weight of recorded weed species, and yield and related traits of soybean were recorded. Overall, infestation percentage of horse purslane was 33.10 and 51%, whereas dry weight was 12 and 44 g m-2 during 1st and 2nd year, respectively. The highest dry weight of all weed species was recorded at 45 DAE in weedy-check all weeds treatment during both years. The lowest relative density and frequency of horse purslane were recorded in the treatment where it was controlled until 20 DAE during 2018 at 30 DAE, whereas the same treatment recoded the lowest density of horse purslane at 45 DAE during 2019. The relative frequency of horse purslane was non-significant for weedy-check horse purslane and weedy-check all weeds treatments during 2018, whereas former treatment had higher relative frequency of horse purslane in weedy-check all weeds than the later during 2019. Yield and related traits significantly differed among different treatments used in the study. The treatment all weeds controlled until 40 DAE recorded higher number of pods per plant, 1000-seed weight and seed yield during both years. The yield reduction in weedy-check treatments was; weedy-check all weeds > weedy-check all weeds except horse purslane > weedy-check horse purslane only. It is concluded that horse purslane was not the sole weed interfering soybean fields and weed flora consisted of false amaranth [Digera muricata (L.) Mart.] and purple nut sedge (Cyperus rotundus L.). Hence, if the soybean fields in northern irrigated plains of Pakistan are infested with horse purslane or heavily infested with horse purslane or other weeds, these should be controlled in initial 40 DAE to improve soybean productivity.

Evaluation of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Genotypes on the Basis of Biochemical Contents and Anti-oxidant Enzyme Activities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akash Sharma ◽  
M.K. Tripathi ◽  
Sushma Tiwari ◽  
Neha Gupta ◽  
Niraj Tripathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Abiotic Factor ◽  
Soybean Genotype ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Improvement Programme

Background: Soybean is an important leguminous crop. Abnormal weather has played an enormous role in the strident decline in crop yields. Drought is considered as a significant abiotic factor responsible for yield reduction in soybean. Methods: The present work was carried out in order to screen soybean genotypes for their drought tolerance ability by means of different biochemical and antioxidant enzymatic activities responses. Conclusion: On the basis of biochemical parameters and anti-oxidant enzymatic activities, soybean genotype viz., RVS-211-77, RVS-211-75, NRC-7, SL-96, NRC-136, AMS100-39, SL-96, RVS-2012-01, RVS-211-73 and JS97-52 have been identified with better performance and can be used as parents for further crop improvement programme to breed drought tolerant variety.

Identification of novel haplotype of a cyst nematode resistance gene, GmSNAP18 in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ik-Young Choi ◽  
Prakash Basnet ◽  
Hana Yoo ◽  
Neha Samir Roy ◽  
Rahul Vasudeo Ramekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Soybean Breeding ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Scn Resistance

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is one of the most damaging pest of soybean. Discovery and characterization of the genes involved in SCN resistance are important in soybean breeding. Soluble NSF attachment protein (SNAP) genes are related to SCN resistance in soybean. SNAP genes include five gene families, and 2 haplotypes of exons 6 and 9 of SNAP18 are considered resistant to the SCN. In present study the haplotypes of GmSNAP18 were surveyed and chacterized in a total of 60 diverse soybean genotypes including Korean cultivars, landraces, and wild-types. The target region of exons 6 and 9 in GmSNAP18 region was amplified and sequenced to examine nucleotide variation. Characterization of 5 haplotypes identified in present study for the GmSNAP18 gene revealed two haplotypes as resistant, 1 as susceptible and two as novel. A total of twelve genotypes showed resistant haplotypes, and 45 cultivars were found susceptible. Interestingly, the two novel haplotypes were present in 3 soybean lines. The information provided here about the haplotypic variation of GmSNAP18 gene can be further explored for soybean breeding to develop resistant varieties.

scholarly journals Sensitivity and Recovery of Grain Sorghum to Simulated Drift Rates of Glyphosate, Glufosinate, and Paraquat

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Hale ◽  
Taghi Bararpour ◽  
Gurpreet Kaur ◽  
John Seale ◽  
Bhupinder Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Glyphosate Drift ◽  
Herbicide Drift

A field experiment was conducted in 2017 and 2018 to evaluate the sensitivity and recovery of grain sorghum to the simulated drift of glufosinate, glyphosate, and paraquat at two application timings (V6 and flag leaf growth stage). Paraquat drift caused maximum injury to sorghum plants in both years, whereas the lowest injury was caused by glyphosate in 2017. Averaged over all herbicide treatments, injury to grain sorghum from the simulated herbicide drift was 5% greater when herbicides were applied at flag leaf stage, as compared to herbicide applications at the six-leaf stage in 2017. In 2018, injury from glyphosate drift was higher when applied at the six-leaf stage than at the flag leaf stage. Paraquat and glufosinate drift caused more injury when applied at flag leaf stage than at six-leaf stage at 14 days after application in 2018. About 21% to 29% of injury from the simulated drift of paraquat led to a 31% reduction in grain sorghum yield, as compared to a nontreated check in 2017. The simulated drift of glyphosate and glufosinate did not result in any significant yield reduction compared to the nontreated check in 2017, possibly due to the recovery of sorghum plants after herbicides’ drift application.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Drought Stress in Tea Estates Using Optical and Thermal Remote Sensing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2730
Author(s):  
Animesh Chandra Das ◽  
Ryozo Noguchi ◽  
Tofael Ahamed
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Drought Frequency ◽  
Moisture Index ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Drought Period

Drought is one of the detrimental climatic factors that affects the productivity and quality of tea by limiting the growth and development of the plants. The aim of this research was to determine drought stress in tea estates using a remote sensing technique with the standardized precipitation index (SPI). Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS images were processed to measure the land surface temperature (LST) and soil moisture index (SMI). Maps for the normalized difference moisture index (NDMI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and leaf area index (LAI), as well as yield maps, were developed from Sentinel-2 satellite images. The drought frequency was calculated from the classification of droughts utilizing the SPI. The results of this study show that the drought frequency for the Sylhet station was 38.46% for near-normal, 35.90% for normal, and 25.64% for moderately dry months. In contrast, the Sreemangal station demonstrated frequencies of 28.21%, 41.02%, and 30.77% for near-normal, normal, and moderately dry months, respectively. The correlation coefficients between the SMI and NDMI were 0.84, 0.77, and 0.79 for the drought periods of 2018–2019, 2019–2020 and 2020–2021, respectively, indicating a strong relationship between soil and plant canopy moisture. The results of yield prediction with respect to drought stress in tea estates demonstrate that 61%, 60%, and 60% of estates in the study area had lower yields than the actual yield during the drought period, which accounted for 7.72%, 11.92%, and 12.52% yield losses in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. This research suggests that satellite remote sensing with the SPI could be a valuable tool for land use planners, policy makers, and scientists to measure drought stress in tea estates.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document