scholarly journals Patterns of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Uropathogens Detection in Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Resistance Patterns

It is a great concern that extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and non-ESBL uropathogenic micro-organisms have been worldwide illustrated to increase multidrug resistance. To study the prevalence and patterns of uropathogens, and antimicrobial susceptibilities profiles of ESBL and non-ESBL producing bacterial infection in a tertiary level health service center of Bangladesh. The prevalence of ESBL producing uropathogens and their antimicrobial resistance patterns were identified in 176 isolates from patients with UTI. ESBL and non-ESBL producing bacterial isolates and their antibiotic sensitivity and resistance patterns were distinguished from the 176 patients of suspected urinary tract infection. The Double-disc diffusion test was done to determine the presence of ESBL-producing bacterial strains. The most widely ESBL positive uropathogen was Escherichia coli (87%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, (6.8%), Enterococcus spp. (3.4%), Acinetobacter spp. (2.5%) and non-ESBL positive E. coli (41.4), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (25.9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (10.3%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (5.2%). The current investigation found most frequently Escherichia coli in both ESBL and non-ESBL uropathogenic groups as 87% and 41.4% respectively. Generally, a large number of antibiotic resistance patterns and ESBL producing common bacterial isolates were found in this study which increases the public health problem. Therefore, for safe human life, we ought to be taking appropriate action against the threat.

scholarly journals Paradigm Shift in Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Bacterial Isolates during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 954
Author(s):  
Vikas Saini ◽  
Charu Jain ◽  
Narendra Pal Singh ◽  
Ahmad Alsulimani ◽  
Chhavi Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Hospital Infection Control ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an emerging public health problem in modern times and the current COVID-19 pandemic has further exaggerated this problem. Due to bacterial co-infection in COVID-19 cases, an irrational consumption of antibiotics has occurred during the pandemic. This study aimed to observe the COVID-19 patients hospitalized from 1 March 2019 to 31 December 2020 and to evaluate the AMR pattern of bacterial agents isolated. This was a single-center study comprising 494 bacterial isolates (blood and urine) that were obtained from patients with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to the ICU and investigated in the Department of Microbiology of a tertiary care hospital in Delhi, India. Out of the total bacterial isolates, 55.46% were gram negative and 44.53% were gram positive pathogens. Of the blood samples processed, the most common isolates were CoNS (Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus) and Staphylococcus aureus. Amongst the urinary isolates, most common pathogens were Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. A total of 60% MRSA was observed in urine and blood isolates. Up to 40% increase in AMR was observed amongst these isolates obtained during COVID-19 period compared to pre-COVID-19 times. The overuse of antibiotics gave abundant opportunity for the bacterial pathogens to gradually develop mechanisms and to acquire resistance. Since the dynamics of SARS-COV-2 are unpredictable, a compromise on hospital antibiotic policy may ultimately escalate the burden of drug resistant pathogens in hospitals. A shortage of trained staff during COVID-19 pandemic renders it impossible to maintain these records in places where the entire hospital staff is struggling to save lives. This study highlights the extensive rise in the use of antibiotics for respiratory illness due to COVID-19 compared to antibiotic use prior to COVID-19 in ICUs. The regular prescription audit followed by a constant surveillance of hospital infection control practices by the dedicated teams and training of clinicians can improve the quality of medications in the long run and help to fight the menace of AMR.

scholarly journals Emergence of Colistin Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria in a Tertiary Care Rural Hospital in 2019

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
Abdullah Akhtar Ahmed ◽  
Nusrat Akhtar Juyee ◽  
SM Ali Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Rural Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Gram Negative

Background: Colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria is a rapidly emerging global threatgenerated a sense of public alarm. Objective: To combat this challenge a study was designedto evaluate the fast spreading infections by colistin-resistant pathogens in the tertiary care rural hospital of Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: To study isolation ofpathogenic gram-negative bacilli,clinical sample (n-640) of hospitalized patients of Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College Hospital in Enayetpur, Bangladesh during the 1st quarter of the year 2019 were used. The bacterial isolates were screened for meropenem and colistin-resistance. Results: A total of 156 bacterial isolates were studied which included Escherichia coli (n-112), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n-14), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n-27), and Salmonella typhi (n-3). Antibiotic sensitivity testing showed that 32/156(20%) and 119/156 (76%) isolates were resistant to meropenem and colistin, respectively. whereas 50/156 (32%) isolates were resistant to both antibiotics. Escherichia coli, K. pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi isolates respectivelywere 112/156 (72%), 14/156 (9%). 27/156 (17%), and 3/156 (2%). Conclusion: Colistin is typically used as salvage therapy, or last-line treatment, for MDR gramnegative infections.But there is worrisome therapeutic scenario in our study finding of colistin resistance is 76% in Gram-negative bacteria of the clinical isolates. The restricted and rational use of colistin drug is the need of hour. KYAMC Journal Vol. 11, No.-2, July 2020, Page 87-90

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