scholarly journals Health Impacts of Exposure to Heavy Metals in Some Selected Lipstick Products Available in Mashhad, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
Hossein Alidadi ◽  
Sima Zamand ◽  
Aliasghar Najafpoor ◽  
Hamid Heidarian ◽  
Aliakbar Dehghan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Continuous Use

This study aimed to investigate the levels of heavy metals in the lipstick products. In general, 30 samples were randomly selected from Mashhad markets. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t test were used to compare color and price variables. Based on the results, the mean concentrations of studied elements were as follows: Cd (ND-0.52 µg/g), Cr (0.25-76.35 µg/g), Ni (ND-20.12 µg/g), Zn (ND-224.22 µg/g), Pb (ND-44.77 µg/g), and Hg (ND-0.32 µg/g). The presence of toxic metals in the samples, and on the other hand, continuous use and unintended ingestion of these metals can lead to their biological accumulation in the human body, thereby causing the development of different diseases. Hence, it deems necessary to apply suitable actions for the improvement of quality control over these products.

Comparison of plasma progesterone profiles in cyclic, pregnant, pseudopregnant and hysterectomized pigs between 8 and 27 days after oestrus

1988 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. King ◽  
R. Rajamahendran
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
The Third ◽  
Secretory Potential ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Plasma progesterone concentrations were compared in cyclic (n = 12), pregnant (n =12), oestradiol-induced pseudopregnant (n=12) and hysterectomized gilts (n=10) between days 8 and 27 after oestrus. The results were grouped into periods covering days 8–13, 14–20 and 21–27 and analysed by least-squares analysis of variance. Plasma progesterone concentrations were significantly (P<0·001) higher in hysterectomized compared with other groups between days 8 and 13. Progesterone concentrations declined rapidly after day 14 in cyclic females and gradually in the other groups. Throughout the third and fourth weeks the mean progesterone concentrations for hysterectomized animals were consistently higher than for pseudopregnant animals (P<0·05). The pregnant group means were below but not significantly different from the hysterectomized means in both of the last two periods. The greater progesterone concentrations in hysterectomized gilts indicated that secretion is high without any conceptus-produced or -mediated luteotrophin, and corpora lutea in cyclic, pregnant or pseudopregnant gilts may never reach full secretory potential. J. Endocr. (1988) 119, 111–116

CIRCADIAN CHANGES IN THE ANTICOAGULANT EFFECT OF HEPARIN. PHARMACODYNAMIC AND PHARMACOKINETIC EFFECT

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
H A Decousus ◽  
M F Scully ◽  
J Reynaud ◽  
E Arnaud-Crozat ◽  
C Boissier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Circadian Variation ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pharmacodynamic Effect ◽  
Constant Dose ◽  
Calcium Heparin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Antifactor Xa ◽  
Heparin Dosage

Six patients, with thromboembolic arterial disease, were prospectively studied to assess the influence of the time of injection of a constant dose of calcium heparin (Choay ), given subcutaneously, on the level of heparin measured by APTT and anti-Xa assay. For each patient, the initial dose of heparin was adjusted by APTT 6h after a morning injection to 1.5 and 2.5 times control. Dose was then kept constant. Four randomized times of injection were tested (8am, 4pm, 8pm and 12pm), in each patient acting as his own control. Blood was sampled via a cannula, at Oh, 2h, 3h,4h,5h,6h, 8h, lOh and 12h after injection. The mean APTT and anti-Xa values for the evening injections (8pm and 12pm) were higher than for the morning injection (8am), at 2h until lOh after injection. These differences were significant (analysis of variance:p<0.001) and reached almost 30 seconds for mean APTT values measured 4h, 5h and 6h after injection. For the afternoon injection (4 pm) the mean APTT and anti-Xa values were intermediate but significantly different from all the other times of injection (analysis of variance: p<0.01).Blood was sampled also on two consecutive days at 12am and 12pm from eight patients receiving heparin subcutaneously for treatment of DVT (administered at 6am and 6pm respectively). Heparin levels by APTT, TT and three antifactor Xa methods (Heptest, Hepaclot, Chromogenic) were significantly higher at night than morning (analysis of variance p<0.005). Cosinor analysis confirmed these results are consistent with circadian variation as we have previously reported after continuous infusion of UF heparin (Br. Med. J., 1985, 290, 341-344). The observed variation was found to be a resultant of a pharmacodynamic effect (circadian variation in assay response to heparin) and pharmacokinetic effect (circadian variation in 99m Tc-heparin clearance). Such circadian variation should be taken into account when deciding heparin dosage.

Components of variance analysis of data produced in a national quality-control survey of radioimmunoassays of thyroxin, triiodothyronine, thyrotropin, prolactin, and progesterone.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Pilo ◽  
G C Zucchelli ◽  
M R Chiesa ◽  
G F Bolelli ◽  
A Albertini
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Variance Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Components Of Variance ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
National Quality ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Control Survey ◽  
Very High

Abstract Data collected in a collaborative survey for radioimmunoassays have been studied by using analysis of variance to estimate the within-kit (CVw.kit) and the between-kit (CVb.kit) components of the total variability (CVT). This analysis has been applied to the results for triiodothyronine, thyroxin, thyrotropin, prolactin, and progesterone produced by 80-150 laboratories that assayed blind, replicate samples. Total variability was lowest in the thyroxin assay (CVT = 10.9%), associated with a very close between-kit agreement (CVb.kit = 4.0%); in the triiodothyronine assay, on the other hand, the large between-kit component (CVb.kit = 10.1%) increased the total variability to 16.1%. In the prolactin assay the CVT of 19.3% included 17.5% CVw.kit and 8.1% CVb.kit. Assays for thyrotropin and progesterone involve analyses of two pools at different hormone concentrations. The CVb.kit component was very high in the low-concentration pool, both for thyrotropin (25.1%) and progesterone (45.2%); in the higher-concentration pool it decreased to 8.3% for thyrotropin but remained high (21.6%) for progesterone. Applying analysis of variance to the triiodothyronine and thyroxin data obtained by different laboratories using the same kit showed that most kits yielded significantly different measurements when used in different laboratories.

scholarly journals THE USE OF CARTOON VIDEO IN TEACHING STUDENTS VOCABULARY

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Muhammad Furqan ◽  
Muhammad Shabir
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Good Information ◽  
Test Of Hypothesis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

<p>This paper aims to discuss vocabulary and cartoon video, and how to teach vocabulary by using cartoon video. Cartoons are designed not only to entertain children, but cartoons can be also used to teach and educate children. In order to find the relationship between cartoon and education, the writer writes a paper which the title is “The Use of Cartoon in Teaching Students Vocabulary”. It has a purpose to help children in learning English, more specifically it aims to improve English vocabulary for children whose age are between seven years old to fourteen years old.The method of the research is quantitative research in design experiment class and control class.The Reseacher could take conclusion that there was a significant between experiment class and control class, The mean of experiment class is greater than the mean of control class ( 77,25&gt; 57,75). on the other hand, the test of hypothesis using t-test formula shows the value of t-test is greater than the value of the t-table. The value of t-test is 3,712 while the value of t-table on t-table in degree of freedom of 38 with level of significant of 0.01 is 2,42. The hypothesis is accepted.Based on the result of this study, it is accepted to be a good information for many teachers espesially English teachers. It is one solution to be used as appropiate method in teaching learning proses. It could be an alternative that could be used in teaching.</p>

scholarly journals Estimation of oak stand pollution with heavy metals on the Krotoszyn Plateau

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Opydo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Copper Content ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Control Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Oak Wood ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Elevated Content

The content of heavy metals - Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu - in oak wood of <i>Quercus robur</i> L. and in the soil was investigated. The studies were carried out in five areas: on the Krotoszyn Plateau, in two areas of the Copper Basin, in the area of Zawiercie and in the control area in Kórnik. The results showed an elevated content of copper in the wood of oaks from the Krotoszyn Plateau as compared with oaks from the other investigated areas. The copper content in the examined oaks was 0.6 µg/g in Kórnik, 1.1 µg/g in Zawiercie, 3.9-15.8 µg/g in the Copper Basin, whereas in the oaks of the Krotoszyn Plateau it amounted to 7.0-26.5 µg/g. It was also noticed that there is a correlation between the copper content in the wood and sanitary condition of the trees. The content of other toxic metals in the oak stands of the Krotoszyn Plateau was on the level of non-polluted areas ranging between 0.08-0.21 µg/g for Cd, 0.12-0.45 µg/g for Pb and 9.1-14.7 µg/g for Zn.

scholarly journals Fluoride kinetics in saliva after the use of a fluoride-containing chewing gum

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Francisca Thereza Borro Bijella ◽  
Fernanda Lourenção Brighenti ◽  
Maria Fernanda Borro Bijella ◽  
Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chewing Gum ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
High Fluoride ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Post Hoc

There is a relationship between the use of fluoride, the reduction of dental caries and the increase of dental fluorosis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the fluoride kinetics in saliva after using the HappydentTM chewing gum, which contains 3.38 mg of fluoride as monofluorophosphate. Fifteen 7-9-year-old volunteers were instructed to chew the gum TridentTM (control) and HappydentTM on different days. Total saliva was collected for 3 minutes, at 0, 3, 6, 9, 15, 30 and 45 minutes after starting chewing. Salivary fluoride was analyzed with a fluoride-specific electrode (Orion 96-09) after acid hydrolysis. The data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and by Tukey’s post hoc test (p < 0.05). The mean amounts ± sd (mg) of fluoride released in saliva were 0.276 ± 0.126 and 0.024 ± 0.014 for HappydentTM and TridentTM respectively. The fluoride amount in the saliva samples after the use of Happydent was significantly higher than after the use of TridentTM in all experimental periods, except after 30 and 45 minutes. The high fluoride presence in saliva after the use of Happydent may be significant to prevent dental caries and this should be evaluated in clinical researches. On the other hand, children at an age of risk for dental fluorosis should avoid the use of HappydentTM.

scholarly journals Concentration, Spatial Distribution, Contamination Degree and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Urban Soils across China between 2003 and 2019—A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangmei Tong ◽  
Hairong Li ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Muyesaier Tudi ◽  
Linsheng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Contamination Levels

This study provides an overview of the studies of heavy metal pollution regarding As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn and Ni in the urban soils throughout 71 cities of China, based on data from online literature, during the period 2003–2019. The concentrations, spatial distributions, contamination degrees and health risks of heavy metals in the urban soils were evaluated. The results demonstrated that the mean values of eight heavy metals all exceeded the soil background values in China, and the kriging interpolation method showed that the hot-spot cities with heavy metal contamination in urban soils were mainly concentrated in the southwest, southcentral, southeast coast, northcentral and northwest regions of China. The geoaccumulation index (Igeo) indicated that Hg and Cd were at moderate contamination levels and that the levels of the other six metals did not appear contamination. The pollution index (PI) showed that Cd and Hg reached high contamination levels, and the other metals reached moderate contamination levels. The integrated pollution index (IPI) and potential ecological risk index (PRI) indicated that the integral urban soils in the study areas ranked high contamination levels and moderate ecological risk degree, respectively, and Cd and Hg should be labeled as priority metals for control in the urban soils around China. The human health risk assessments for the heavy metals indicated that ingestion was the dominant exposure pathway for having adverse effects on human health. The mean Hazard index (HI) values of eight heavy metals all showed that adverse effects on human health were unlikely, and the mean carcinogenic (CR) values of As, Cr and Ni for children and adults all suggested an acceptable carcinogenic risk to human beings. In addition, children exposed to these heavy metals faced more serious non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health threats compared to adults. The results could provide valuable information for demanding the better control of heavy metal pollution and mitigation of the adverse effects on residents by environmental regulators in national urban regions.

scholarly journals Sorption Kinetics Of Selected Heavy Metals Adsorption To Natural And Fe(III) Modified Zeolite Tuff Containing Clinoptilolite Mineral

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (36) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maroš Sirotiak ◽  
Marek Lipovský ◽  
Alica Bartošová
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Sorption Kinetics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Slight Improvement ◽  
Potentially Toxic Metals ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Zeolite Tuff ◽  
Ionic Forms

Abstract In the research described in this paper, studied was sorption capacity of natural and ferric modification of zeolite tuff containing mineral clinoptilolite from the Nižný Hrabovec deposit to remove potentially toxic metals (ionic forms of chromium, nickel, copper and aluminium) from their water solutions. We reported that the Fe (III) zeolite has an enhanced ability to sorption of Cu (II), and a slight improvement occurs in the case of Cr (VI) and Ni (II). On the other hand, the deterioration was observed in the case of Al (III) adsorption.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Water Quality Assessment of Dumate Al-Jandal Lake (KSA) Using Environmetric Techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 412-437
Author(s):  
Mohammed Sharif Al-Sheraideh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Lake Management ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Multiple Comparison ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Environmentally, the objective of the study conducted in evaluating the spatiotemporal water quality asessment using some statistical techniques. Physicochemical characteristics determination applied on Dumate al-Jandal Lake, whether the analysis of water quality is good for agricultural irrigation or other ecosystem services.  Sampling and measurements were taken weekly at five sites started from February 2009 to January 2011. Descriptive analysis as well as the 95% confidence intervals, Wilks’ Lambda Statistics, MANOVA and ANOVA showed no presence of significant difference at the level of p < 0.05 among seasons and between sites, except the mean effect only for some parameter like Iron on the physiochemical parameters whereas a significant difference among the mean of physiochemical characteristics of water data to sites for the parameters like pH and nitrate, while there are no differences among the mean of physiochemical characteristics of water data of sites for the other parameters. Multiple comparison t-test shows the differences between means Sites of (1, 3) and (2, 5) as well as between (3) and (5) for the parameter pH.  Results showed a significant difference at (p < 0.05) between the means of Site (1) and all Sites (3, 4 and 5) as well as between Site (2) and (3) for nitrate,  but a significant difference at (p < 0.05)  among the mean associated with seasons for temperature, electrical conductivity, specific density, sulphate, nitrite, ammonia, chloride, total hardness, total alkalinity, manganese, magnesium and calcium hardness, while there are no differences among the mean of seasons for the other parameters. Whereas results of multiple comparison t-test showed that a differences between the means of season (i) and season (j), for each parameter. The study concluded that some of physicochemical parameters were reflected the presence of pollutants and absence of good ecosystem activities. To avoid seasonal pollution, water lake management are recommended.

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