Effect of propolis extract on clinical parameters and salivary level of matrix metalloproteinase 8 in periodontitis patients: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Background: Periodontitis is bacterial induced inflammation of the tooth-supporting structures. Local antibacterial agents are used as an adjunctive therapy in the treatment of Periodontitis. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of subgingivally delivered propolis extract (a resin produced by the honey bees) with chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash on clinical parameters and salivary levels of matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8) in periodontitis patients. Methods: 28 periodontitis patients in stage II or III and grade B were divided in two groups. In control group, patients prescribed 0.2 % CHX mouthwash twice a day for two weeks. In the 20% propolis hydro-alcoholic group, subgingival irrigation was performed twice a week for two weeks. Clinical parameters were measured at baseline and after 2 months. Saliva samples were collected from propolis and control group at baseline and 2 months later to assess MMP-8 levels using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Additionally, Saliva from 12 periodontally healthy subjects was used to determine the normal levels of MMP-8. Data were analyzed using SPSS, P<0.05 was considered as the level of significance. Results: In the healthy group, the mean salivary levels of MMP-8 were significantly lower than that in control and propolis groups at baseline (P<0.001). The results indicated that there was a significant improvement in clinical parameters (p<0.001) in the propolis group compared to control group, while MMP-8 levels decreased significantly in both groups (P<0.001). Conclusions: Propolis is recommended as an adjunct therapy for periodontitis patients. Clinical trials registration code: IRCT2016122030475N3.