An Analysis of Desirable Attributes for Strength and Conditioning Coaches as Perceived by Male and Female Population of Collegiate Athletes

The present study aimed to suggest desirable attributes and characteristics for strength and conditioning coaches as perceived by the male and female population of collegiate athletes and statistically evaluate differences of perception between genders. Participants were 99 NCAA division I student-athletes (Male=56, Female=43) aged between 18-22 years of age, with a mean of 2.98 S&C sessions per week. Participants completed an electronic questionnaire to rank the importance of 17 research-based attributes through a 5-point Likert-type-scale. Descriptive statistics revealed that overall, “knowledgeable” and “communicative” were considered the most important attributes, whereas “overall size/muscularity” and “male gender” were the least desirable. With regards to perceived importance, attributes were ranked in the following order: knowledgeable, communicative, motivator, trustworthy, give positive feedback, approachable, organised, supportive, positive, honest, confident, role model, intense, physical fitness, sense of humour, overall size/muscularity, male gender. “Male gender” as an attribute was identified as the only significant difference in perception between genders (p = .017). The observed results are consistent with previous research that highlighted how several attributes and characteristics are important for strength and conditioning coaches. Thus, these results might foster reflection and guide personal and professional development of strength and conditioning coaches.

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Preliminary Scale of Reference Values for Evaluating Reactive Strength Index-Modified in Male and Female NCAA Division I Athletes

Sports ◽

10.3390/sports6040133 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 133 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Christopher Sole ◽

Timothy Suchomel ◽

Michael Stone

Keyword(s):

Reference Values ◽

Ncaa Division I ◽

National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽

Collegiate Athletes ◽

Division I ◽

Strength Index ◽

Male And Female ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Males And Females ◽

Division I Athletes

The purpose of this analysis was to construct a preliminary scale of reference values for reactive strength index-modified (RSImod). Countermovement jump data from 151 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I collegiate athletes (male n = 76; female n = 75) were analyzed. Using percentiles, scales for both male and female samples were constructed. For further analysis, athletes were separated into four performance groups based on RSImod and comparisons of jump height (JH), and time to takeoff (TTT) were performed. RSImod values ranged from 0.208 to 0.704 and 0.135 to 0.553 in males and females, respectively. Males had greater RSImod (p < 0.001, d = 1.15) and JH (p < 0.001, d = 1.41) as compared to females. No statistically significant difference was observed for TTT between males and females (p = 0.909, d = 0.02). Only JH was found to be statistically different between all performance groups. For TTT no statistical differences were observed when comparing the top two and middle two groups for males and top two, bottom two, and middle two groups for females. Similarities in TTT between sexes and across performance groups suggests JH is a primary factor contributing to differences in RSImod. The results of this analysis provide practitioners with additional insight as well as a scale of reference values for evaluating RSImod scores in collegiate athletes.

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Genetic homozygosity as a marker of smoking dependency

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr203009b ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 1009-1019

Author(s):

Slavko Brankovic ◽

Dejan Nikolic ◽

Dragoslav Marinkovic ◽

Suzana Cvjeticanin

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Male Gender ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Male And Female ◽

Mean Values ◽

Individual Variations ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

The Individual

The aim of our study was to evaluate the morphogenetic variability as a marker of smoking dependency in adult smokers versus controls and to investigate the presence and the degree of morphogenetic variability difference between male and female smokers versus same gender controls. The cross-sectional study evaluated 241 smokers and 185 nonsmoker individuals as controls. We analyzed 17 homozygous recessive characteristics (HRC). There was a significant difference in the individual variations of 17 HRCs between the controls and smokers (??2=61.400, p<0.001; for females ??2=79.440, p<0.001; for males ??2=84.972, p<0.001). The mean values of HRCs significantly differed between smokers and controls (MV?SEM(Controls) -4.79?0.13, MV?SEM(Smokers) -5.70?0.12; p<0.001). For males, presence of 6/17 (35.29% genetic homozygosity) HRCs (OR=6.12) was to the certain degree predictor for smoking dependency. Higher degree of genetic homozygosity, changed variability and male gender, might be some among potential numerous factors that could have impact on smoking development and dependence.

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The Professional Experiences and Work-Related Outcomes of Male and Female Division I Strength and Conditioning Coaches

The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research ◽

10.1519/jsc.0b013e31825c2fd3 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 831-838 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Melanie L. Sartore-Baldwin

Keyword(s):

Division I ◽

Strength And Conditioning ◽

Male And Female ◽

Work Related ◽

Professional Experiences

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Bilateral Asymmetries in Ultrasound Assessments of the Rectus Femoris throughout an NCAA Division I Volleyball Preseason

Sports ◽

10.3390/sports6030094 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 94 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gabriel Sanders ◽

Brian Boos ◽

Frank Shipley ◽

Corey Peacock

Keyword(s):

Ncaa Division I ◽

High Frequency ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Rectus Femoris ◽

Training Load ◽

Division I ◽

High Frequency Ultrasound ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Left And Right

The purpose of the study was to assess glycogen content of the rectus femoris (RF) muscles utilizing high-frequency ultrasound throughout an intensive, nine-day preseason training period in NCAA division I volleyball athletes. In the morning prior to the beginning of practice, athletes (n = 13) left and right RF muscles were assessed via ultrasound to quantify muscle fuel ratings (0–100 score range). The recommended location of the RF ultrasound scans were based on manufacturer guidelines, and the same technician recorded the daily measurements. To assess daily training load, session ratings of perceived exertion (s-RPE) were utilized. A paired t-test revealed a large significant difference between left (51.7 ± 17.9) and right (32.8 ± 17.4) RF muscle fuel ratings (p < 0.001). There was also a major effect of time on s-RPE (p < 0.001) and left (dominant) RF fuel rating (p = 0.001). s-RPE decreased from the beginning to the end of the training camp. However, left RF fuel ratings increased from the first to the second day, then remained elevated all throughout the preseason. In conclusion, all athletes were left-leg dominant and had a 57.6% bilateral asymmetry between their left and right RF muscle fuel ratings despite changes in training load. High-frequency ultrasounds are a noninvasive assessment tool that can determine glycogen replenishment asymmetries in the RF.

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Prevalence of Migraines in NCAA Division I Male and Female Basketball Players

Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain ◽

10.1046/j.1526-4610.2002.02149.x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 42 (7) ◽

pp. 620-629 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Chad M. Kinart ◽

Marchell M. Cuppett ◽

Kris Berg

Keyword(s):

Ncaa Division I ◽

Division I ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Male And Female

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Female Athletes in Retirement: A Test of a Psychosocial Model of Bulimic Symptomatology

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology ◽

10.1123/jsep.2020-0023 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 490-499

Author(s):

Stephanie L. Barrett ◽

Trent A. Petrie

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Ncaa Division I ◽

Latent Variables ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Female Athletes ◽

Collegiate Athletes ◽

Division I ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Female Collegiate Athletes ◽

Psychosocial Model

Although researchers have examined eating disorders in female athletes, few such studies have been done with athletes who are retired, and even fewer have been quantitative. Thus, the authors empirically tested an established eating disorder theoretical model with 218 former NCAA Division-I female collegiate athletes who had been retired for 2–6 years. In retirement, participants completed measures of general sociocultural pressures related to body and appearance, thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, dietary restraint, negative affect, and bulimic symptomatology. Through structural equation modeling, the authors examined the direct and indirect relationships among the latent variables while controlling for body mass index and years since retirement. The model fit the data well, supporting the hypothesized direct and indirect relationships among the variables and explaining 54% of the variance in bulimic symptomatology. Despite no longer being exposed to sport pressures that contribute to eating disorders, female athletes experience such symptoms long into retirement.

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Total and Regional Body Composition of NCAA Division I Collegiate Baseball Athletes

International Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1055/a-0881-2905 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (07) ◽

pp. 447-452 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Madeline A. Czeck ◽

Christiana J. Raymond-Pope ◽

Tyler A. Bosch ◽

Christopher W. Bach ◽

Jonathan M. Oliver ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Ncaa Division I ◽

Total Mass ◽

Division I ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Baseball Players ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Regional Body Composition ◽

Collegiate Baseball ◽

Composition Measurements

AbstractThis study’s purpose was to evaluate total, regional, and throwing versus non-throwing arm body composition measurements between various positions of NCAA Division I male baseball players using dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Two hundred and one collegiate baseball athletes were measured using DXA. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT), total and regional fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM), and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured. Athletes were separated into: pitchers (n=92), catchers (n=25), outfielders (n=43), and infielders (n=41). ANOVA and Tukey’s honest significant difference assessed total and regional differences between positions. Infielders had significantly (p<0.05) lower total LM than pitchers and outfielders. Additionally, outfielders had significantly lower total FM compared to pitchers and catchers. No significant differences between positions were observed for total BMD and VAT. Pitchers’ and infielders’ throwing arm demonstrated significantly greater total mass, FM, LM, and BMD compared to the non-throwing arm. Further, outfielders’ throwing arm total mass, LM, and BMD were significantly higher vs. the non-throwing arm. Significant differences were observed in total and regional body composition measurements across position, in addition to differences in throwing arm vs. non-throwing arm composition. These measurement values are important to coaches and trainers as normative positional DXA data for collegiate baseball players.

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Examination of Mental Health Risks and Injury Prevalence in NCAA Division I Collegiate Athletes

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000562823.31416.e4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (Supplement) ◽

pp. 778

Author(s):

Jane Sweeney ◽

Toni M. Torres-McGehee ◽

Samantha R. Weber ◽

Robert Davis Moore ◽

Jacob Kay

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Risks ◽

Ncaa Division I ◽

Collegiate Athletes ◽

Division I

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The Physical Demands of NCAA Division I Women’s College Soccer

Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology ◽

10.3390/jfmk4040073 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 73 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robert W. Sausaman ◽

Matt L. Sams ◽

Satoshi Mizuguchi ◽

Brad H. DeWeese ◽

Michael H. Stone

Keyword(s):

Ncaa Division I ◽

High Speed ◽

Training Programs ◽

Descriptive Statistics ◽

Division I ◽

Women's College ◽

Physical Demands ◽

Collegiate Level ◽

All Speeds ◽

Mixed Modelling

Extensive research into women’s collegiate soccer is scarce, leaving gaps in the literature with little information available detailing the physical demands at different standards of play. Our purpose was to elucidate the physical demands of the Division I collegiate level and identify differences between playing positions. Twenty-three field players were observed during four competitive seasons using 10-Hz GPS units (Catapult Sports, Melbourne, Australia). Descriptive statistics and 95% confidence intervals were used to determine group and position-specific physical demands. Linear mixed modelling (LMM) was used to compare attacker, midfielder, and defender position groups. Total distance, high-speed distance, and sprint distance were 9486 ± 300 m, 1014 ± 118 m, and 428 ± 70 m, respectively. Furthermore, attackers were observed to cover the greatest distance at all speeds compared to midfielders and defenders. Our findings suggest that the physical demands of Division I women’s soccer differ by position and appear lower compared to higher standards of play. Therefore, coaches and sports scientists responsible for the physical training of Division I collegiate players should consider the specific physical demands of the collegiate level and playing position when prescribing training, as well as in the development of their annual training programs.

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