scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF CITRUS LEMON PEELS ENCAPSULATED IN PVA

2019 ◽  
pp. 110-125
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Lemon Peel ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Lime Peel ◽  
Percentage Release ◽  
Infrared Techniques

In this study, waste lemon peels were converted into a dietary supplement. Lemon peels were used because of the abundance of phytochemicals present in it and also they are easily available throughout the year. To improve the therapeutic efficacy, we used Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) as a nanocarrier of lemon peel methanolic extract. The lemon peel extract was encapsulated in PVA by the solvent evaporation method, to improve the solubility and stability of the compounds in the extract. Characterization of the prepared lime peel nanoformulation (LP-NF) was done by Scanning Electron Microscope, Zeta potential and Fourier Transform Infrared techniques. The antioxidant assays like DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay and hydrogen peroxide assay showed a high scavenging activity when compared with commercial supplement with the IC50 value of 24 ± 0.05 and 26.07 ± 0.11 respectively. The Gram-negative bacteria, E. coli showed a zone of inhibition of 18 mm indicating the antibacterial property of LP-NF. The percentage release of the nanoformulation from sodium alginate beads was calculated and it showed the release of nanoparticle up to 83% after 7 hours in PBS at pH 7.4

scholarly journals Characterization of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anticancer Property and Chemical Composition of Michelia champaca Seed and Flower Extracts

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Seong Wei ◽  
Wendy Wee ◽  
Julius Young Fu Siong ◽  
Desy Fitrya Syamsumir
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Flower Extract ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Michelia Champaca

This study was carried out to characterize antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activities of Michelia champaca seed and flower extracts. The main objective of the present study was to reveal the medicinal values of M. champaca seed and flower for human uses. Antimicrobial property of M. champaca seed and flower extracts were revealed by using two fold microdilution method whereas antioxidant activity of the extract was determined with DPPH radical scavenging method. The anticancer property of the plant extract was revealed through Colorimetric MTT (tetrazolium) assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration values of M. champaca seed and flower extracts ranged from 15.6 to 125mg/l and 7.8 to 62.5mg/l, respectively in which both of the plant extracts were found can inhibit the growth of all the tested bacterial isolates namely A. hydrophila, E. tarda, E. coli, Flavobacterium sp., Klebsiella sp., P. aeruginosa, Salmonella sp., V. alginolyticus, V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus. M. champaca flower extract was able to control the growth of E. tarda, E. coli, Flavobacterium sp., P. aeruginosa and V. cholerae at the concentration of 7.8mg/l whereas A. hydrophila, Klebsiella sp. and V. alginolyticus were failed to grow at the concentration 15.6mg/l. The M. champaca flower extract was also able to control the growth of Salmonella sp. and V. parahaemolyticus at the concentration of 62.5mg/l. At the maximum concentration of M. champaca seed and flower extracts were found can inhibit only 40% of DPPH whereas the IC50 value of M. champaca seed and flower extract against MCF-7 cells was 1.98 ±0.31μg/ml and 1.86 ± 0.21μg/ml, respectively. A total of 9 chemical compounds were successfully identified in M. champaca’s flower extract whereas 37 chemical compounds were found in the leaf extract. The findings of the present study indicated that medicinal values of M. champaca seed & flower extracts in terms of antimicrobial and anticancer are promising.Key words: Antioxidant; Anticancer; Antimicrobial; Chemical compound; Michelia champaca DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sjps.v4i1.8862 SJPS 2011; 4(1): 19-24

scholarly journals Biochemical characterization of pink husked coconut types

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Regi J. Thomas ◽  
M. Shareefa ◽  
H. Harsha ◽  
Anitha Karun
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Morphological Differences

Coconuts with various traits are available in different coconut growing countries. The pink husk is one such trait that has already been reported in coconut. There is a demand for tender nut water from pink husked types of coconut to treat hepatitis by traditional medicinal practitioners. Present studies were carried out to characterize pink husked types identified in Guam Tall variety of coconut. There were no morphological differences with respect to the nut characters between pink and non-pink husked types. Biochemical characterization of pink husked types revealed significantly higher total phenol content in the tender nut water of pink husked types than normal husked types. A significantly higher protein content of 86 mg 100 mL-1 was noted in pink husked type, compared to normal husked type with 58.7 mg 100 mL-1. Higher free radical scavenging activity based on DPPH assay with pink husked type was recorded with an IC50 value of 266.7 compared to normal type with an IC50 value of 358. Similarly, phosphomolybdate assay also revealed higher scavenging activity of pink husked type based on the IC50 value of 415.2 compared to 637.9 observed in normal husked type. Anthocyanin content of 25.98 mg 100g-1 fresh weight was noted in the exocarp of pink husked types, and it was negligible in normal husked type. These results justify the use of pink husked coconuts in various traditional medicines. There is tremendous potential for exploiting pink husked types of coconut in the pharmaceutical industry.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICALS ANALYSIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF ECHINOPS ECHINATUS FROM CHOLISTAN DESERT, PAKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rafay
Keyword(s):  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Urease Inhibitory

Plants have been used as a source of food as well as medicines by the man throughout history. Echinops echinatus was evaluated for phytochemicals and antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia and Anti-urease inhibition assay activities were tested during the study. The laminar flow cabin was cleaned with 70% ethanol. α-glucosidase inhibition activity was performed according to the standard method with slightly modification. Carbohydrates, phenols and tannins were found positive in leaves, stems and roots. Saponins and glycosides were found in flowers, leaves, roots and stems. While roots and stems revealed the presence of steroids. Terpenoids were found in flowers and leaves. The leaves showed the maximum inhibition zone 10mm against K. pneumonia while against E. coli, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was found inactive. K. pneumoniae, E. coli and P. aeruginosa were resistant to flowers extract. The root extract showed maximum zone of inhibition 18 mm against S. aureus while against P. aeruginosa and K. pneumonia inhibition zone was 15mm and 14mm respectively. The extracts of leaves, flowers, roots and stem showed positive results for α-glucosidase. The roots extract showed maximum inhibition with 75.3±1.5 with IC50 value of 207.3±1.3 for α-glucosidase. Urease inhibitory activity of stem extracts showed maximum inhibition activity 93.71±0.86 with IC50 value 15.63±0.42. While leaves and roots showed almost same activity 92.45±0.63 and 92.63±0.76, respectively. Echinops echinatus could be considered for further studies in the treatment of various ailments as a natural remedy.

Synthesis and Characterization of Tris(nicotinohydroxamato) Vanadium(III) Complex

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 695-701
Author(s):  
Sonika Sharma ◽  
Neeraj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Free Ligand ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Spectral Studies ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Concentration Method ◽  
Elemental Analyses

The tris(nicotinohydroxamato) vanadium(III) complex of composition [V(C5H4NCONHO)3] have been synthesized by the reaction of VCl3 with three equivalents of potassium salts of nicotinohydroxamate in methanol medium under nitrogen atmosphere. The characterization of complex has been accomplished by elemental analyses, molar conductivity, magnetic moment measurements, IR, electronic and mass spectral studies. An octahedral geometry around vanadium, inferred from physicochemical and spectral studies has been proposed for complex. The antimicrobial activities of the newly synthesized complex, ligand and precursor VCl3 have been evaluated against some pathogenic bacteria as E. coli, S. aureus, S. typhi, S. paratyphi, S. epidermidis and K. pneumoniae and fungi such as A. niger, B. fulva and M. circinelloid by minimum inhibitory concentration method. The complex exhibited promising antimicrobial activity relative to free ligand and metal precursor.

scholarly journals Tocopherols, Polyprenols and Steroids from Passiflora edulis and Bioactivities of its Extractives

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Abdul Aziz ◽  
Monira Ahsan ◽  
Choudhury Mahmood Hasan ◽  
Mohammad Mehedi Masud
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Assay

?-tocopherol (1), ?-tocopherol (2), polyprenol-12 (3), polyprenol-15 (4), stigmasterol and ?-sitosterol were isolated from the yellow flavicarpa variety of leaves of Passiflora edulis. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using 1H-NR and 13C-NMR spectral analysis. The organic and aqueous soluble fractions of crude methanolic extract were evaluated for the antioxidant, cytotoxic, thrombolytic and antimicrobial activities. In DPPH free radical scavenging assay, the aqueous soluble fraction displayed maximum activity having IC50 value of 139.56?g/ml. On the other hand, dichloromethane soluble fraction revealed maximum cytotoxic (LC50 24.17?g/ml) and thrombolytic (14.49% clot lysis) activities, when compared to the respective blanks.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 16(1): 55-60, 2017 (June)

scholarly journals FRACTIONATION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM KAFFIR LIME (Citrus hystrix) PEEL EXTRACT AND EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY

REAKTOR ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusak Adi Wijaya ◽  
Daniel Widyadinata ◽  
Wenny Irawaty ◽  
Aning Ayucitra
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Lime Peel ◽  
Antioxidative Property

Side effects of drug-based treatment observed in patients during degenerative diseases treatments has directed towards to the identification of plants with antioxidant activity. Kaffir lime peel was selected in this study. This work was aimed to investigate the effect of solvent (hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol) polarity on the fractionation of ethanolic crude extract and assess its antioxidative property by DPPH radical scavenging assay. The results show semi polar solvent of ethyl acetate exhibited the best solvent to extract phenolic compounds from ethanolic kaffir lime peel with total phenolic content detected was 0.12 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent/mg. The employment of solvents possessing different polarity resulted several fractions, i.e. hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and residue with different type of phenolic compounds in each fraction. Accordingly, each fraction exhibited different antioxidant activity against free radical compound of DPPH. The N-butanol fraction demonstrated the strongest activity which is shown by lowest IC50 value among the fractions tested. The fraction of n-butanol exhibited the IC50 value of 0.44 mg/mL which means that only 0.44 mg of the fraction/mL is required to inhibit the neutralization of DPPH by 50%. Phenolic identification by High Performance Liquid Chromatography indicates the different phenolic compounds in each fraction that contribute to antioxidative property to different extent. Further investigation to identify these phenolic compounds will lead to further development of kaffir lime as natural antioxidant to treat specific degenerative diseases.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF 22’DICHLOROHYDROBENZOIN

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 334
Author(s):  
Thanuja B ◽  
Charles Kanagam
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Behavior ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Objective: The objective of this work to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of synthesized 22’dichlorohydrobenzoin (22’CD) a new organic crystal.Methods: 22’CD a new organic crystal was grown by vapor diffusion method. Single crystals of 22’CD have been subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis to estimate the lattice parameters and the space group. The molecular structure was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral analyses. Optical behavior and thermal stability of the crystal were determined using UV-Vis spectroscopy and thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis curves. In the present study, antimicrobial activity of 22’CD was evaluated against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis was evaluated by agar well diffusion method.Results: Antibacterial activity of 22’CD was analyzed with ciprofloxacin and miconazole standard and tested against E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella paratyphi, Klebsiella pneumonia’s, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus progenies, and B. subtilis.Conclusion: The 22’CD was found to be effective against E. coli and B. subtitles.

scholarly journals Expression and functional characterization of a novel antimicrobial peptide: human beta-defensin118

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Lin ◽  
KunHong Xie ◽  
Daiwen Chen ◽  
Bing Yu ◽  
Xiangbing Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Novel Host ◽  
Late Apoptosis

Abstract Background: β-defensin 118 (DEFB118 ) is a novel host defence peptide (HDP) identified in human. To evaluate its potentials for future utilization, the DEFB118 gene was expressed in Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and the recombinant protein was fully characterized. Methods: The DEFB118 protein was obtained by heterologous expression using E. coli Rosetta (DE3). Antibacterical activity of DEFB118 were determined by using various bacterial strains. IPEC-J cells challenged by E. coli K88 were used to determine its influences on inflammatory responses. Results: The E. coli transformants yielded more than 250 mg/mL D EFB118 protein after 4 h induction by 1.0 mM IPTG. The DEFB118 was estimated by SDS-PAGE to be 30 kDa, and MALDI-TOF analysis verified it is a human β-defensin 118. Importantly, the DEFB118 showed antimicrobial activities against both Gram-negative bacteria ( E. coli K88 and E. coli DH5α) and Gram-positive bacteria ( S. aureus and B. subtilis ), with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 4 μg/mL. Hemolytic assays showed that DEFB118 had no detrimental impact on cell viability. Additionally, DEFB118 was found to elevate the viability of IPEC-J2 cells upon E. coli K88 challenge. Moreover, DEFB118 significantly decreased cell apoptosis in the late apoptosis phase and down-regulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as the IL-1β and TNF-a in the IPEC-J2 cells exposure to E. coli K88. Conclusions: These results suggested a novel function of the mammalian defensins, and the anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of DEFB118 may allow it a potential substitute for conventionally used antibiotics or drugs.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Vanadium (IV)-Flavonoid Complexes and its Antioxidant ability toward Superoxide and Radical Scavenging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himyan Akbar ◽  
Salma Habib ◽  
Mohammed Mahroof Tahir ◽  
Lakshmaiah Sreerama
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Vanadium Complex ◽  
Antioxidant Ability ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Metal Charge Transfer

In this project Vanadium complex -Vanadium (IV) - flavone was synthesized using vanadium (IV) acetylacetonate (VO(acac)2) complex and 3-hydroxy-6-methyl flavone ligand. The complex stability was checked using FTIR and UV-vis spectroscopies. Peackes around 990 cm-1 conforms the formation of (V=O) in the complex, as well as (V-O) around 790 cm-1. In UV-Vis spectrum peak around 400-450 nm was noticed, which conforms the formation of the vanadium complex that correspond to the ligand to metal charge transfer (LMCT) transition. The radical scavenging abilities of vanadium complex were investigated using DPPH. The anti-oxidant activity using (BHA) as a standard reference, the complex synthesized displayed strong DPPH antioxidant radical scavenging activity compared to VO(acac)2 and BHA, with IC50 value of (105, 95 and 96) mM respectively. The absorbance in which the reducing power occurred were found to be (0.397, 0.825 and 0.228) for the complex, VO(acac)2 and BHA.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Tunisian, France and Austrian Laurus nobilis (Lauraceae) essential oils

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1929-1940
Author(s):  
Mounira MKADDEM GUEDRI ◽  
Mehrez ROMDHANE ◽  
Ahmed LEBRIHI ◽  
Florence MATHIEU ◽  
Jalloul BOUAJILA
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Test System ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Laurus Nobilis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Activity

Essential oil (EO) of Laurus nobilis, from Tunisian, France and Austrian were screened for their chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and compared. GC-MS analysis showed that leaves of Tunisian L. nobilis had camphor (34.43%), 1,8-cineole (20.21%) and α-terpineol (7%) as major components. France and Austrian EOs had a high content of 1,8-cineole (45.8% and 43.4%, respectively) followed by bornyl acetate (13.8% and 17.7% respectively) and methyl eugenol (7.7% and 10.9% respectively). Antioxidant potential was measured by ABTS and DPPH tests. Tunisian L. nobilis EO showed greater radical scavenging by ABTS activity (IC50=44.8±0.1 mg/L) than the France and Austrian EOs (76.4±3.2 mg/L and 81.4±4.0 mg/L, respectively). However, for DPPH test system, French and Austrian EOs activities were excellent (IC50=176.1±5.1 mg/L and 236.3±2.9 mg/L respectively) then Tunisian L. nobilis EO (IC50=2859.7±99.0 mg/L). A good Antimicrobial activity was observed on the yeasts and fungi for all EOs. Tunisian laurel EO show a better antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumonial, E. coli and Salmonella enterica CMI: 0.004 mg/ml) than gram-positive ones (Bacilus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes CMI: 0.01 mg/ml). A significant antifungal activity of Tunisian EO was also observed against fungi and yeasts species (CMI: 0.004 mg/ml). France essential oil shows better activities against all organisms tested wail Austrian oil activity is more important against yeasts species tested and Mucor ramannianus (fungi).  Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Tunisian L. nobilis essential oil, were different from that of France and Austrian and it give the opportunity for its uses in new pharmaceuticals and natural therapies of infectious diseases.

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