COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF UNSATURATED INDICATORS FATTY ACIDS IN ELDERLY PATIENTS IN INITIAL STAGES OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND VASCULAR DEMENTIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 265-272
Author(s):  
Е. Е. Дубинина ◽  
Л. В. Щедрина ◽  
К. В. Ющин ◽  
Е. В. Светкина ◽  
Н. М. Залуцкая ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Omega 3

Снижение когнитивных функций вплоть до развития деменции у пожилых людей связывают с уменьшением в крови уровня полиненасыщенных жирных кислот, особенно Омега-3, которое происходит на фоне окислительного стресса. В работе представлен сравнительный анализ спектра полиненасыщенных жирных кислот и активности отдельных компонентов ферментативной антиоксидантной системы в крови у лиц пожилого возраста с нарушением показателей когнитивного функционирования до уровня «мягкое когнитивное снижение» первично-атрофической (MCI БА, продромальная болезнь Альцгеймера) или васкулярной этиологии (MCI СД, продромальная сосудистая деменция) по сравнению с пожилыми людьми без признаков нарушений когнитивных функций. Выявлено снижение концентрации Омега-3 полиненасыщенных жирных кислот в крови обеих групп обследованных больных по сравнению с контрольной группой. У пациентов с MCI БА обнаружено резкое снижение концентрации арахидоновой кислоты (Омега-6) по сравнению с больными MCI СД и контрольной группой. Выявленное нами снижение активности антиоксидантной ферментативной системы и снижение полиненасыщенных жирных кислот за счет их пероксидации свидетельствует об интенсификации процессов окислительного стресса у пациентов с нарушением когнитивных функций. Обсуждается вопрос о патогенетической роли арахидоновой кислоты у больных, предрасположенных в будущем к развитию болезни Альцгеймера. A decrease in cognitive functions up to the development of dementia in the elderly is associated with a decrease in the blood level of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially Omega-3, which occurs against the background of oxidative stress. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the spectrum of polyunsaturated fatty acids and the activity of individual components of the enzymatic antioxidant system in the blood of elderly people with impaired cognitive performance to the level of «mild cognitive decline» (MCI AD, prodromal Alzheimer’s disease) or vascular etiology (MCI VaD, prodromal vascular dementia) compared with older people without signs of cognitive impairment. A decrease in the concentration of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the blood of both groups of the examined patients was revealed compared with the control group. In patients with AD MCI, a sharp decrease in the concentration of arachidonic acid (Omega-6) was detected compared with patients with MCI VaD and the control group. The decrease in the activity of the antioxidant enzymatic system and the decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acids due to their peroxidation revealed in this study indicate an intensification of the OS processes in patients with impaired cognitive functions. The question of the pathogenetic role of arachidonic acid in patients predisposed in the future to the development of AD is discussed.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF OMEGA 3 POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS IN RED BLOOD CELL MEMBRANES WITH COGNITIVE FUNCTION AND BRAIN STRUCTURE: A REVIEW FOCUSSED ON ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
C. Hooper ◽  
P. De Souto Barreto ◽  
M. Pahor ◽  
M. Weiner ◽  
B. Vellas
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Pufa Supplementation

Significant research attention has focussed on the identification of nutraceutical agents for the prevention of cognitive decline as a natural means of cognitive preservation in the elderly. There is some evidence for a reduction of brain omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) in normal aging and in Alzheimer’s disease. n-3 PUFAs exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-amyloidogenic properties as well as being able to reduce tau phosphorylation. Many observational studies have demonstrated a link between n-3 PUFAs and cognitive aging, and some, but not all, randomized controlled trials have demonstrated a benefit of n-3 PUFA supplementation on cognition, particularly in those subjects with mild cognitive impairment. The identification of a biomarker that reflects n-3 PUFA intake over time and consequent tissue levels is required. In this narrative review we discuss the evidence associating red blood cell membrane n-3 PUFAs with cognitive function and structural brain changes associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Key words: Docosahexaenoic acid, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty aci

scholarly journals Effect of pretreatment with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on hematological parameters and platelets aggregation in patients during elective coronary artery bypass grafting

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milic Veljovic ◽  
Ivana Mihajlovic ◽  
Vesna Subota ◽  
Mirjana Antunovic ◽  
Jasna Jevdjic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Omega 3

Bacground/Aim. Using omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) could provide protection against ischemicreperfusion damage, prevention of postoperative arrhythmia and attenuation of inflammatory response. However, omega-3 PUFAs inhibit cyclooxygenase (and thus decrease the synthesis of thromboxane A2 from arachidonic acid in platelets), which leads to decreased platelet aggregation. In cardiac surgery it is necessary to achieve a balance between inhibition and full platelets function. It is as well as important to closely follow hematological parameters, impaired by CABG itself. Therefore, the aim of the study was to establish the effects of pretreatment with omega- PUFAs on hematological parameters and plateletes aggregation in patients with elective CABG. Methods. This prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-center trial was performed on parallel groups. The patients (n = 40) undergoing elective CABG were randomized receiving preoperative intravenous omega-3 PUFAs (Omegaven? 10%) infusion (the PUFAs group) or the same volume of 0.9% saline solution infusion (the control group). Infusion was given a day before surgery and repeated four hours before starting extracorporeal circulation (CPB) via the peripheral vein at single doses of 100 mL (25 mL/h). Platelet function analysis was performed using multiple electrode aggregometry (MEA, multiplate-analyzer) before starting CPB and 2 h postoperatively for the patients of both groups. Results. There were no clinically relevant differences in baseline characteristics between the groups. Hematological parameters were not significantly different between the groups pre-, intra- and postoperatively. During the first 24 h after surgery, the loss of blood was similar in the PUFAs and the control group (680 ? 274 mL and 608 ? 210 mL, respectively; p = 0.356). Postoperatively, platelet aggregation was not significantly different between the PUFAs and the control group in adenosine diphosphate (ADP) test (39 ? 11 and 42 ? 15, respectively; p = 0.701), arachidonic acid (ASPI) test (64 ? 24 and 70 ? 27, respectively; p = 0.525) and trombin receptor-activating peptide (TRAP) test (68 ? 25 and 75 ? 26, respectively; p = 0.396), while their aggregation in collagen (COL) test was statistically significantly lower in the PUFAs related to the control group (32 ? 15 and 47 ? 20, respectively; p = 0.009). Conclusion. Acute pretreatment with omega-3 PUFAs insignificantly affected the activity of platelets and did not influence postoperative blood loss.

scholarly journals Supplementation’s effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids omega 3 in Alzheimer’s disease animal models: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Branteli Martins Machado ◽  
Euglena Lessa Bezerra ◽  
Lucidio Clebeson de Oliveira ◽  
Luciana Cristina Borges Fernandes ◽  
Ianara Mendonça da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids promote brain-to-blood clearance of β-Amyloid in a mouse model with Alzheimer’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingli Yan ◽  
Youna Xie ◽  
Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan ◽  
Haitao Zeng ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Blood Clearance ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Β Amyloid

scholarly journals Efeito da suplementação de ômega 3 isolado ou associado em pacientes com doença de Alzheimer: uma revisão sistemática da literatura científica

HU Revista ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-464
Author(s):  
Christianne Rosiak Gonzaga dos Santos ◽  
Camila Kellen De Souza Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Omega 3

Introdução: O envelhecimento da população está associado ao aumento da incidência da doença de Alzheimer (DA), a qual causa graves complicações ao paciente. Os nutrientes imunomoduladores, como os ácidos graxos poli-insaturados (PUFAs) da série ômega 3 (w-3) podem auxiliar na melhora do quadro clínico da DA. Objetivo: Analisar o efeito da suplementação de PUFAs w-3 isolado ou associado na população idosa com DA. Material e métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de literatura científica nas bases de dados Pubmed e Science Direct, que englobou ensaios clínicos em idosos com provável e/ou comprovado diagnóstico de DA e suplementados com PUFAS w-3 isolado ou associado, no idioma inglês e com os seguintes descritores em saúde (DECs): brain, Alzheimer’s disease, fatty docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), older and elderly people e termo de pesquisa: eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). O recorte temporal das publicações foi delimitado de 2006 a 2017. Resultados: foram selecionados 10 ensaios clínicos, cuja suplementação de w-3 favoreceu menor declínio no score de miniexame de estado mental (MEEM), retardo da disfunção, melhora no domínio de agitação do inventário neuropsiquiátrico (NPI) e melhora dos sintomas depressivos pela Escala de Depressão de Montgomery-Asberg (MADRS). Foram observadas mudanças significativas como aumento de apetite, peso, índice de massa corporal (IMC), EPA e DHA, além de reduções nos níveis séricos de albumina, ácido araquidônico (AA), ácido mirístico, interleucina-6 (IL- 6), interleucina 1 ß (IL-1ß) e fator estimulante de colônias de granulócitos (G-CSF) e redução na liberação de prostaglandina F2α (PGF2α). Foram relatadas alterações positivas em alguns genes e em outros, redução de sua expressão, além de hipometilação de importantes genes. Conclusão: A suplementação de PUFAs w-3 exerceu efeito positivo em pacientes com DA grau leve a moderado.

scholarly journals Análise da Revisão Cochrane: Suplementação Alimentar com Ácidos Gordos Ómega-3 no Tratamento da Demência. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;4:CD009002.

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 671
Author(s):  
David Cordeiro Sousa ◽  
Guilherme Ferreira Dos SANTOS ◽  
João Costa ◽  
António Vaz-Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Cochrane Database

Dietary supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from fish and plant sources is commonly prescribed as a nonfarmacological alternative to improve brain functions and slow down the progression of dementia. This use is mostly based on findings of preclinical studies which established the role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the development and integrity of the brain, as well as epidemiological research that found evidence of malnutrition in patients with dementia. This Cochrane systematic review included three randomized, placebo-controlled trials at low risk of bias, in which omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were administered to people with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease in the form of supplements. Of the main results of this systematic review we highlight the lack of convincing evidence for the efficacy of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation in the treatment of patients with Alzheimer’s disease, as well as the low frequency of reported adverse events, with a comparable overall frequency between omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the placebo groups. The effects on other populations with dementia remain unclear. This paper aims to summarize and discuss the main results and conclusions of this systematic review, as well as its implications for the daily clinical practice.

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