Relationships between Muscle Strength and Cardiorespiratory Fitness with Carotid Artery Stiffness Index in Community-Dwelling Adults Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1147-1157
Author(s):  
Seung-Yu Han ◽  
Jin-Kee Park
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Artery Stiffness

scholarly journals Carotid β-stiffness index is associated with slower processing speed but not working memory or white matter integrity in healthy middle-aged/older adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 868-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyndsey E. DuBose ◽  
Michelle W. Voss ◽  
Timothy B. Weng ◽  
James D. Kent ◽  
Kaitlyn M. Dubishar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Artery Stiffness ◽  
Memory Cost

Aging is associated with increased carotid artery stiffness, a predictor of incident stroke, and reduced cognitive performance and brain white matter integrity (WMI) in humans. Therefore, we hypothesized that higher carotid stiffness/lower compliance would be independently associated with slower processing speed, higher working memory cost, and lower WMI in healthy middle-aged/older (MA/O) adults. Carotid β-stiffness ( P < 0.001) was greater and compliance ( P < 0.001) was lower in MA/O ( n = 32; 64.4 ± 4.3 yr) vs. young ( n = 19; 23.8 ± 2.9 yr) adults. MA/O adults demonstrated slower processing speed (27.4 ± 4.6 vs. 35.4 ± 5.0 U/60 s, P < 0.001) and higher working memory cost (−15.4 ± 0.14 vs. −2.2 ± 0.05%, P < 0.001) vs. young adults. Global WMI was lower in MA/O adults ( P < 0.001) and regionally in the frontal lobe ( P = 0.020) and genu ( P = 0.009). In the entire cohort, multiple regression analysis that included education, sex, and body mass index, carotid β-stiffness index (B = −0.53 ± 0.15 U, P = 0.001) and age group (B = −4.61 ± 1.7, P = 0.012, adjusted R2 = 0.4) predicted processing speed but not working memory cost or WMI. Among MA/O adults, higher β-stiffness (B = −0.60 ± 0.18, P = 0.002) and lower compliance (B = 0.93 ± 0.26, P = 0.002) were associated with slower processing speed but not working memory cost or WMI. These data suggest that greater carotid artery stiffness is independently and selectively associated with slower processing speed but not working memory among MA/O adults. Carotid artery stiffening may modulate reductions in processing speed earlier than working memory with healthy aging in humans. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Previously, studies investigating the relation between large elastic artery stiffness, cognition, and brain structure have focused mainly on aortic stiffness in aged individuals with cardiovascular disease risk factors and other comorbidities. This study adds to the field by demonstrating that the age-related increases in carotid artery stiffness, but not aortic stiffness, is independently and selectively associated with slower processing speed but not working memory among middle-aged/older adults with low cardiovascular disease risk factor burden.

scholarly journals Effect of uric acid serum levels on carotid arterial stiffness and intima-media thickness: A high resolution Echo-Tracking Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Antonini-Canterin ◽  
Concetta Di Nora ◽  
Marco Pellegrinet ◽  
Olga Vriz ◽  
Salvatore La Carrubba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Artery Stiffness ◽  
Echo Tracking ◽  
Carotid Arterial

Serum uric acid (UA) has been shown to be a predictor of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality, and it may play a role in the pathogenesis of CV disease affecting vascular structure and function. However, there is limited evidence of its specific association with carotid artery stiffness and structure. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether UA is associated with early signs of atherosclerosis, namely local carotid arterial stiffness and intima-media thickening. We evaluated 698 consecutive asymptomatic patients, referred to the Cardiovascular Department for risk factors evaluation and treatment. All patients underwent carotid artery ultrasonography with measurement of common carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and echo-tracking carotid artery stiffness index Beta. Patients with hyperuricemia (defined as serum uric acid ≥7 mg/dL in men and ≥6 mg/dL in women) had higher IMT (0.97±0.22 vs 0.91±0.18, p<0.001) and stiffness index Beta (8.3±3.2 vs 7.5±2.7, p=0.005). UA levels correlated with both IMT (r=0.225; p<0.001) and stiffness index Beta (r=0.154; p<0.001); the correlations were statistically significant in males and females. In a multivariate model which included age, arterial pressure, serum glucose and LDL-cholesterol, serum UA emerged as an independent explanatory variable of IMT and stiffness index Beta. Carotid IMT and local arterial stiffness are related to UA independently of established CV risk factors; UA may play a role in the early development of atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Relationship between carotid artery stiffness index, BNP and high-sensitivity CRP

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 783-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
G R Shroff ◽  
Y-Y Cen ◽  
D A Duprez ◽  
B A Bart
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Artery Stiffness

Abstract 18689: Lower Carotid Artery Compliance and Greater Carotid β-stiffness Index are Associated With Slower Processing Speed and Reduced Working Memory Performance in Older Healthy Adults

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyndsey E DuBose ◽  
Michelle W Voss ◽  
Timothy B Weng ◽  
Kaitlyn M Dubishar ◽  
Abbi Lane-Cordova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
Artery Stiffness ◽  
Carotid Artery Compliance

Introduction: Higher central elastic artery stiffness is associated with greater brain white matter hyperintensity volume and lower cognitive performance in older adults. However, it is unknown if higher central artery stiffness is related to regional decreases in brain white matter integrity (WMI) and reductions in working memory or processing speed. We hypothesized that greater large elastic artery stiffness would be associated with lower working memory and slower processing speed as well as lower regional WMI in older adults. Methods: In young (n=19; 23.8 ± 0.7 yrs) and older (n=22; 64.4 ± 4.2 yrs; range 60-71 yrs) healthy adults, aortic stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, cfPWV, via tonometry) and carotid artery compliance and β-stiffness index (carotid artery ultrasound and tonometry) were determined non-invasively. WMI was assessed by fractional anisotrophy (FA) (3T MRI) from diffusion tensor images. An N-Back task and letter and pattern comparison tests were performed as measures of working memory and processing speed, respectively. d’Prime, a measure of signal detection, was calculated on the N-Back task as a ratio of positive ‘hits’ to ‘false alarm’ responses. Results: cfPWV (8.4 ± 0.5 vs. 5.2 ± 0.2 m/sec, P<0.01) and carotid β-stiffness (11.3 ± 0.9 vs. 6.1 ± 0.7 U, P<0.01) were greater and carotid compliance (0.16 ± 0.02 vs. 0.07 ± 0.01 mm/mmHg, P<0.01) was lower in older vs. young adults. Carotid β, but not aortic, stiffness was associated with slower processing speed on letter (10.7 ± 0.5 vs. 13.5 ± 0.6 units/ 30 sec, p<0.01) and pattern (16.6 ± 0.6 vs. 22.0 ± 0.7 units/30 sec, p<0.01) comparison tasks and reduced working memory (1.8 ± 0.2 vs. 3.1± 0.2, P<0.01) in older vs. young adults. Lower carotid compliance was associated with slower performance on the letter (r=0.55, P<0.01) and pattern (r=0.54, P<0.01) tests and lower d’Prime (r=0.48, P<0.05). Greater β-stiffness was related to pattern comparison scores only (r=-0.54, P<0.01). Aortic stiffness, carotid compliance and β-stiffness were not related to WMI in any brain region. Conclusions: Our results suggest that lower carotid artery compliance and greater β-stiffness are associated with reduced working memory performance and slower processing speed but not regional WMI in older adults.

scholarly journals The impact of an 8-week Pilates-based physical training program on functional mobility: data from a septuagenarian group

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Miguel Lima ◽  
Bruno Silva ◽  
Sílvia Rocha-Rodrigues ◽  
Pedro Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Study aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a Pilates-based training program on functional mobility and strength in community-dwelling adults over 70 years old. Material and methods: Twenty community-dwelling elderly subjects were recruited and randomly assigned to control (C = 10) or Pilates training (PT = 10) groups for 8 weeks (2 times/week). Anthropometric, strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, functional mobility, and static and dynamic balance parameters were assessed before and after the intervention. Results: The PT group had higher values of lower limb strength (p = 0.013 d = 0.56) and 6-minute walking test distance (p = 0.04; d = 0.45) than the C group. The PT group also had differences in one leg stance duration and decrease in the Timed Up and Go test. We also observed a positive correlation between muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness (p < 0.01, r = 0.62), cardiorespiratory fitness and one leg stance, eyes closed, right and left leg (p = 0.04, r = 0.45; p = 0.05, r = 0.45, respectively). Conclusions: Eight weeks of Pilates-based physical training induced improvements in skeletal muscle strength and functional mobility of community-dwelling septuagenarians.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Facebook Remote Live-Streaming-Guided Exercise for Improving the Functional Fitness of Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Hsi Chang ◽  
Li-Ting Wang ◽  
Ting-Yu Chueh ◽  
Ming-Chun Hsueh ◽  
Tsung-Min Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Live Streaming ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Facebook remote live-streaming-guided exercise on the functional fitness of community-dwelling older adults.Method: This study used a non-randomized controlled design with single-blinding (outcome assessors). Older adults (mean age = 70.36 ± 4.51 years) were assigned to either the experimental group (n = 39) or the control group (n = 34). The experimental group participated in a 75-min Facebook remote live-streaming-guided exercise routine twice a week for 8 weeks at home, whereas the control group maintained their original lifestyle without any intervention. Functional fitness was assessed using the Senior Fitness Test, which assessed upper and lower limb flexibility and muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and balance. The test was administered before and after the intervention.Results: The results revealed that an 8-week Facebook remote live-streaming-guided exercise intervention increased lower limb flexibility and muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness in community-dwelling older adults.Conclusion: The current findings suggest that a home-based exercise program using the Facebook platform may be a feasible method to broadly improve the functional fitness of community-dwelling older adults.

scholarly journals Cognitive Performance is Lower Among Individuals with Overlap Syndrome than with COPD or Obstructive Sleep Apnea Alone: Role of Carotid Artery Stiffness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel E. Luehrs ◽  
Kerrie L. Moreau ◽  
Gary L. Pierce ◽  
Frederick Wamboldt ◽  
Mark Aloia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Overlap Syndrome ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Artery Stiffness ◽  
Former Smokers

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are both independently associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and impaired cognitive function. It is unknown if individuals with both COPD and OSA (i.e. overlap syndrome) have greater common carotid artery (CCA) stiffness, an independent predictor of CVD risk, and lower cognitive performance than either COPD or OSA alone. Elevated CCA stiffness is associated with cognitive impairment in former smokers with and without COPD in past studies. Methods: We compared CCA stiffness and cognitive performance between former smokers with overlap syndrome, COPD only, OSA only and former smoker controls using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) tests to adjust for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), pack-years and post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC. We also examined the association between carotid artery stiffness and cognitive performance among each group separately. Results: Individuals with overlap syndrome (n=12) had greater CCA β-stiffness index (p=0.015) and lower executive function-processing speed (p=0.019) than individuals with COPD alone (n=47), OSA alone (n=9) and former smoker controls (n=21), differences that remained significant after adjusting for age, BMI, sex, pack-years and FEV1/FVC. Higher CCA β-stiffness index was associated with lower executive function-processing speed in individuals with overlap syndrome (r=-0.58, p=0.047). Conclusion: These data suggest that CCA stiffness is greater and cognitive performance is lower among individuals with overlap syndrome compared with individuals with COPD or OSA alone and that CCA stiffening may be an underlying mechanism contributing to the lower cognitive performance observed in patients with overlap syndrome.

Common Carotid Artery Stiffness and Patterns of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Hypertensive Patients

Hypertension ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Boutouyrie ◽  
Stéphane Laurent ◽  
Xavier Girerd ◽  
Athanase Benetos ◽  
Patrick Lacolley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Artery Stiffness

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Community-Delivered Functional Power Training Program for Frail and Pre-frail Community-Dwelling Older Adults: a Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nien Xiang Tou ◽  
Shiou-Liang Wee ◽  
Wei Ting Seah ◽  
Daniella Hui Min Ng ◽  
Benedict Wei Jun Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Power Training ◽  
Frail Older Adults ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

AbstractTranslation of community-based functional training for older adults to reduce frailty is still lacking. We evaluated the effectiveness and implementation of a community-delivered group-based functional power training (FPT) program for frail older adults within their neighborhoods. A two-arm, multicenter assessor-blind stratified randomized controlled trial was conducted at four local senior activity centers in Singapore. Sixty-one community-dwelling older adults with low handgrip strength were randomized to intervention (IG) or control (CG) group. The IG underwent the FPT program (power and balance exercises using simple equipment) delivered by a community service provider. The 12-week program comprised 2 × 60 min sessions/week. CG continued usual activities at the centers. Functional performance, muscle strength, and frailty status were assessed at baseline and 3 months. Program implementation was evaluated using RE-AIM framework. The program was halted due to Coronavirus Disease 2019-related suspension of senior center activities. Results are reported from four centers, which completed the program. IG showed significantly greater improvement in the Short Physical Performance Battery test as compared to CG (p = 0.047). No effects were found for timed up and go test performance, muscle strength, and frailty status. The community program exhibited good reach, effectiveness, adoption, and implementation. Our study demonstrated that FPT was associated with greater improvement in physical function in pre-frail/frail participants as compared to exercise activities offered at local senior activity centers. It is a feasible intervention that can be successfully implemented for frail older adults in their neighborhoods. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04438876. Registered 19 June 2020–retrospectively registered.

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