Foreign experience in the organization of innovative development of the economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
V.A. Shumaev ◽  
N.A. Divueva ◽  
N.A. Lukasheva
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
High Tech Industry ◽  
Foreign Experience

The article summarizes the experience of the United States, Germany and Asian countries in creating and organizing the development and functioning of innovative systems, technology transfer, building a high-tech industry, which is advisable to use in Russia.

U.S. and China: The world's high-tech industry pre-eminent powers. A comparative analysis of positions

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-428
Author(s):  
Irina A. RODIONOVA ◽  
Aleksandra A. UGRYUMOVA
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Tech ◽  
High Tech Industry ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
World Industry

Subject. This article deals with the issues related to industrialization and spatial realignment of forces in the world industry architecture at the regional and global levels. Objectives. The article aims to describe the processes in the modern manufacturing industry and show the growth of China's share in the global production and export of knowledge-intensive and high-tech industry products in comparison with the indicators of the United States, the previous world industry leader. Methods. For the study, we used a comparative analysis. Results. The article compares the changes in industrial development indicators of the United States and China since the beginning of the 21st century and defines the positions of these countries in the development of knowledge-intensive and high-tech goods and services. Conclusions. China came out on top in the world concerning the export of all groups of high-tech goods and services. It is also the leader in global production and exports of medium- and high-tech products. China is slightly inferior to the United States in the production of high-tech industry products with the most intensive use of engineering development.

scholarly journals Substitution effect in high-tech industry in the USA in foreign trade share and domestic market protection

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-25
Author(s):  
V. N. Minat
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Substitution Effect ◽  
The United States ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
High Tech ◽  
High Tech Industry ◽  
Domestic Production ◽  
Trade Share ◽  
The Impact

The transition to the sixth technological order, characterized by the systemic elements of the information revolution, requires a comprehensive analysis of the aggregate dynamic processes trade operations in the context of the respective commodity groups. Using the traditional methods of the statistical and economic method, in general terms, reduced to the formula: "domestic production + import - export", the relative quantitative indicators of the share of imports and exports of products of the leading high-tech industries of the United States were calculated for specific periods of time in the period 1951–2020, correlated with domestic production for the same period. Thus, an assessment of the impact of the "substitution effect" in the high-tech industry of the United States is given in relation to the volume of exports and imports in the context of certain groups of analyzed industries. The empirical results obtained contributed to the identification of trends in the regulation of American imports of high-tech industry products to protect the domestic market under the influence of the substitution effect in US foreign trade in the period under consideration. The main conclusion is that the priority in the focus of American foreign trade policy in terms of protecting the domestic market of high-tech industrial products, was and remains a flexible, expedient (in terms of substitution and integration vectors) combination of tariff and non-tariff restrictions on imports.

Sex Differences in Mass Media Preferences Across Four Asian Countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 186-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malini Ratnasingam ◽  
Lee Ellis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Evolutionary Explanation ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Media Preferences

Background. Nearly all of the research on sex differences in mass media utilization has been based on samples from the United States and a few other Western countries. Aim. The present study examines sex differences in mass media utilization in four Asian countries (Japan, Malaysia, South Korea, and Singapore). Methods. College students self-reported the frequency with which they accessed the following five mass media outlets: television dramas, televised news and documentaries, music, newspapers and magazines, and the Internet. Results. Two significant sex differences were found when participants from the four countries were considered as a whole: Women watched television dramas more than did men; and in Japan, female students listened to music more than did their male counterparts. Limitations. A wider array of mass media outlets could have been explored. Conclusions. Findings were largely consistent with results from studies conducted elsewhere in the world, particularly regarding sex differences in television drama viewing. A neurohormonal evolutionary explanation is offered for the basic findings.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПОДГОТОВКИ КАДРОВ ДЛЯ ПЕНИТЕНЦИАРНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ В США

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Unterov ◽  
Elizaveta Eremeeva
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Training System ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Prison Systems ◽  
Correction System

Статья посвящена изучению зарубежного опыта подготовки кадров для пенитенциарных систем. Его анализ и рассмотрение возможности внедрения отдельных элементов направлены на совершенствование системы подготовки сотрудников для уголовно-исполнительной системы России, повышение их профессионального уровня, что в конечном счете будет способствовать достижению главной цели УИС - исправлению осужденных. Авторы особое внимание уделяют изучению специально-профессиональных и личностных качеств, необходимых сотрудникам пенитенциарных учреждений. В статье рассматриваются особенности подготовки сотрудников пенитенциарной системы в Соединенных Штатах Америки. Важнейшей задачей образовательных учреждений и центров по подготовке кадров для пенитенциарной системы США является обеспечение будущих сотрудников знаниями, необходимыми для выполнения профессиональных обязанностей в рамках предстоящей деятельности. Также авторы подчеркивают важность развития при подготовке будущих сотрудников не только профессиональных, но и личностных качеств.The article is devoted to the study of foreign experience in order to improve the training system for the Russian penal correction system. In particular, the training of prison officials in the United States of America is considered as one of the most developed States in the modern world. The improvement of the training process for the Russian penal correction system implies the development of international cooperation with the prison systems of foreign countries. The study of foreign experience of penitentiary education contributes to the improvement of the professional level of the staff of the Penal Correction Service and, ultimately, to the achievement of the main goal - correction of convicts. The authors pay particular attention to the study of specific professional and personal qualities required by potential prison staff. Since there have been significant positive changes in the formation of professional qualities of the future employee of the Russian penal correction system over the past decade, the main focus of the work is on the formation of personal (universal) qualities of the employee of the Federal Penal Correction Service of the Russian Federation, for which the positive experience of the United States is analyzed.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE CAMERAL CHECKS PROCESS IN RUSSIA BASED ON FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darya Sergeevna Kareva ◽  
◽  
Sevinj Mahmud kyzy Ismailova ◽  
Elena Evgenievna Dozhdva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Correct Determination

The article substantiates the need to reform cameral tax control in Russia based on the experience of the United States. The necessity of introducing into the procedure of cameral control the mechanism of requesting all documents confirming the correct determination of tax obligations is determined. The aim of improving the process of desk audits of control is that the new procedure for conducting audits will reduce the likelihood of tax violations.

Public Policy and Technology Transfer: A View from the United States

1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-316
Author(s):  
Martha Caldwell Harris
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
The United States

El intercambio de la tecnología ha llegado a ser un punto de controversia en la relaciones estadounidenses-mexicanas. En un clima de una política incierta, el rango y la efectividad de la transferencia de la tecnología continuarán a ser limitados a menos que se tomen pasos significativos para establecer un nuevo curso de dirección.

scholarly journals The Role of the United States and The “Asian Solution” Approach in the Malaysia-Indonesia Confrontation (1963-1966)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohani Hj Ab Ghani ◽  
Zulhilmi Paidi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cold War ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Power Struggle ◽  
Solution Approach ◽  
Major Powers ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
The U.S

The Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation between 1963-1966 was an important event attracting the attention of politicians and scholars alike as the conflict had threatened the long existing relations between the two countries. Indonesian confrontation with Malaysia was due to its refusal to accept the formation of the new federation of Malaysia, founded on 16th September 1963. Sukarno’s confrontational stand on this had broken the long-standing sentiments of regional brotherhood or “saudara serumpun” that had nurtured between the two countries for many years. The conflict also saw the involvement of major powers like the United States (U.S.), Britain, China and Russia in the midst of bipolar power struggle between the communist and the anti-communist as part of the ongoing Cold War. The three years of confrontation witnessed great attempts at peace efforts by U.S. Although U.S. involvement in the conflict was merely as a moderator for both countries it was also fueled by its efforts of containment of communism in the Southeast Asian region. The U.S. viewed that the conflict should be resolved in the context of “Asian solution” as it involved two Asian countries A settlement to the Malaysia-Indonesia confrontation was finally achieved through the Bangkok Agreement, signed in August 1966. This paper discusses the role of U.S. in its attempts at finding an amicable settle to the confrontation in the form of “Asian solution.”  

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