scholarly journals CATAMNESTIC OBSERVATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR STATUS IN PRETERM INFANTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
M. Gonchar ◽  
A. Boichenko
Keyword(s):  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Oval Window ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Heart Ventricles ◽  
Gestation Age ◽  
Term Newborns

CATAMNESTIC OBSERVATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR STATUS IN PRETERM INFANTSM.O. Gonchar, A.D. BoichenkoTo identify peculiarities of the diastolic function development of the heart ventricles in preterm infants following clinical and instrumental examination in the neonatal period and in the process of catamnestic observation the study involved examination of 244 preterm infants at gestation age from 260-7 to 376-7 weeks. Control group comprised 100 healthy full-term infants. The study showed that peculiarities of the development of diastolic function of the heart ventricles in prematurely born children included diastolic dysfunction by the type of delayed relaxation, which is typical for the fetus, until the child reaches the postconceptual age of 39-41 weeks. Normalization of the diastolic function of the heart ventricles occured in 46/61 (75.41 ± 5.51%, p = 0.1·10-6) prematurely born children to 5-6 months of actual age, in 15/61 (24.59 ± 5.51%) children to 6-8 months of actual age. Spontaneous closure of open oval window up to the age of 1 year occurred in 22/32 (68.75 ± 8.19%, p = 0.009) full-term newborns and in 21/61 (34.43 ± 6.08%) preterm infants. Hemodynamically significant patent arterial duct in 58.82 ± 11.94% of children spontaneously closes during the first three months of life. The incidence of myocardial dysfunction in newborns from mothers with extragenital pathology increased to 89.39 ± 3.79% versus 76.67 ± 5.46%, p = 0.046 children born from healthy women. The presence of extragenital pathology in mothers, including cardiovascular disorders, is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases in preterm children.Key words: preterm infants, myocardial dysfunction, catamnesis.  КАТАМНЕСТИЧНЕ СПОСТЕРЕЖЕННЯ СТАНУ СЕРЦЕВО-СУДИННОЇ СИСТЕМИ У ПЕРЕДЧАСНО НАРОДЖЕНИХ ДІТЕЙГончарь М.О., Бойченко А.Д.З метою визначення особливостей становлення діастолічної функції шлуночків серця у передчасно народжених дітей на підставі клініко-інструментального дослідження в неонатальний період та в процесі катамнестичного спостереження обстежено 244 передчасно народжені дитини зі строком гестації від 26 до 37 тижнів. Контрольна група – 100 здорових доношених новонароджених. За результатами дослідження встановлено, що до особливостей становлення діастолічної функції шлуночків серця у передчасно народжених дітей відноситься реєстрація діастолічної дисфункції за типом уповільненої релаксації, що є характерним для плода, до досягнення дитиною постконцептуального віку 39-41 тиждень. Нормалізація діастолічної функції шлуночків серця відбувається у 46/61 (75,41±5,51%, р=0,1·10-6) передчасно народжених дітей к 5-6 місяцю фактичного віку, у 15/61 (24,59±5,51%) дітей – к 6-8 місяцям фактичного віку. Спонтанне закриття відкритого овального вікна до віку 1 року відбувається у 22/32 (68,75±8,19%, р=0,009) доношених новонароджених та у 21/61 (34,43±6,08%) передчасно народжених дітей. У 58,82±11,94% дітей з гемодинамічно значущою ВАП відбувається її спонтанне закриття на протязі перших трьох місяців життя. Частота зустрічальності міокардіальної дисфункції у новонароджених від матерів з екстрагенітальною патологією зростає до 89,39±3,79% проти 76,67±5,46%, р=0,046 дітей народжених від здорових жінок. Наявність у матерів екстрагенітальної патології, в тому числі патології серцево-судинної системи, є факторами ризику розвитку серцево-судинних розладів у передчасно народжених дітей.Ключові слова: передчасно народжені діти, міокардіальна дисфункція, катамнез. КАТАМНЕСТИЧЕСКОЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЕ СОСТОЯНИЯ СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТОЙ СИСТЕМЫ У НЕДОНОШЕННЫХ ДЕТЕЙГончарь М.А., Бойченко А.Д.С целью определения особенностей становления диастолической функции желудочков сердца у недоношенных детей на основании клинико-инструментального исследования в неонатальный период и в процессе катамнестического наблюдения обследовано 244 преждевременно рожденных ребенка со сроком гестации от 26 до 37 недель. Контрольная группа - 100 здоровых доношенных новорожденных. Установлено, что к особенностям становления диастолической функции желудочков сердца у недоношенных детей относится регистрация диастолической дисфункции по типу замедленной релаксации, что характерно для плода, по достижении ребенком постконцептуального возраста 39-41 недель. Нормализация диастолической функции желудочков сердца отмечается у 46/61 (75,41±5,51%, р=0,1·10-6) недоношенных детей к 5-6 месяцу фактического возраста, у 15/61 (24,59±5,51%) детей – к 6-8 месяцам фактического возраста. Спонтанное закрытие овального окна в возрасте 1 года зарегистрировано у 22/32 (68,75±8,19%, р=0,009) доношенных новорожденных и у 21/61 (34,43±6,08%) недоношенных детей. Спонтанное закрытие гемодинамически значимого ОАП у 58,82±11,94% детей происходит в течение первых трех месяцев жизни. Частота встречаемости миокардиальной дисфункции у новорожденных от матерей с экстрагенитальной патологией возрастает до 89,39±3,79% против 76,67±5,46%, р=0,046 детей рожденных от здоровых женщин. Наличие у матерей экстрагенитальной патологии, в том числе патологии сердечно-сосудистой системы, является факторами риска развития сердечно-сосудистых расстройств у недоношенных детей.Ключевые слова: недоношенные новорожденные, миокардиальная дисфункция, катамнез.

BIOMARKERS OF EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS IN FULL-TERM INFANTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
T.A. Mammadova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
New Biomarkers

Objective of the research: to assess the value of new biomarkers – erythropoietin (EPO), nitric oxide (NO), calcium ion for the early diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in full-term newborns. Materials and methods: 100 full-term infants with NEC and 30 generally healthy infants (control group) were examined. In newborns of both groups in the first 2 weeks of life, plasma NO levels were determined by the colorimetric method (Caymans Nitrate/Nitrite Colorimetric Assay Kit) using an ELISYS UNO HUMAN; EPO – by Human Enzyme Immunoassay ELISA Kit, calcium ions – by a photometric test with BioScreen MS2000. Results: an increase in EPO levels and a decrease in Ca+2 level were revealed in patients depending on the NEC stage. In patients with stage I NEC, EPO and NO values increased by 54% and 46%, respectively, and the Ca+2 values were decreased by 19% in comparison with indicators in children of the control group. In patients with stage II NEC, EPO values increased by 70%, NO – by 124%, and Ca+2 were decreased by 61% compared to the indicators of children in the control group. In patients with stage III NEC, EPO values increased by 100%, NO – by 222% compared with the indicators of children in the control group. Conclusion: EPO, NO, and Ca+2 are biomarkers of early diagnosis of NEC in term infants and detection of severe variants of the disease.

scholarly journals Impact of physiotherapy on neuromotor development of premature newborns

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giselle Athayde Xavier Coutinho ◽  
Daniela de Mattos Lemos ◽  
Antônio Prates Caldeira
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Neuromotor Development

Introduction The population of children born prematurely has increased in line with improving the quality of perinatal care. It is essential to ensure to these children a healthy development. Objective We evaluate the neuromotor development of a group of preterm infants regularly assisted by a physiotherapy service in comparison to full-term newborns, checking, so the impact of the service. Materials and methods We randomly assigned preterm and full-term infants that formed two distinct groups. The group of preterm infants was inserted into a monitoring program of physiotherapy while the other infants were taken as a control group not receiving any assistance in physiotherapy. The groups were compared using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) at forty-week, four and six months of corrected gestational age and the scores were compared using Student's t-test, assuming a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05). Results The preterm group had significantly lower scores at 40th week compared to the control group, but subsequent scores showed no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion The timely and adequate stimulation was efficient to promote the motor development of premature infants included in a follow up clinic.

scholarly journals Early neonatal morbidities in late preterm compared to term neonates born in a tertiary care private hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 565
Author(s):  
Yogesh P. Mehta ◽  
Manjusha Bhicurao Naik ◽  
Kinnera Putrevu
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Late Preterm ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Late Preterm Infants ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
Term Newborns

Background: Late preterm babies, born between 34 completed weeks of gestation through 36 weeks 6/7 gestation, tend to be physiologically less mature than term infants, subjecting them to an increased risk of developing various morbidities. Limited information is available regarding the current scenario in India. Therefore, the objective of this study was to understand and compare the early morbidities in late preterm newborns with those in full term babies in a tertiary hospital in India.Methods: The current prospective, observational study consisted of total 150 babies divided into two groups equally; late preterm neonates born between 34 and 36 weeks of gestation and full-term neonates. Weight (at birth, at 72 hours), heart rate, temperature and respiratory parameters were noted of all babies. The newborns were examined for respiratory morbidities, ability to breastfeed, hypoglycemia, hypothermia, neonatal jaundice and signs of sepsis. The need for resuscitation, admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and parenteral nutrition was also assessed. Data was expressed as mean±SD and was analyzed using the Student ‘t’ and Mann Whitney U tests.Results: The mean length and weight at birth in late preterm babies was significantly lesser than term newborns. Late preterm babies were found to have significantly higher incidence of complications like hyperbilirubinemia (62.7% vs 13.3%), respiratory morbidities (16% vs 4%), poor feeding, hypothermia, hypoglycemia, and sepsis compared to term newborns (p<0.01).Conclusions: Late preterm infants are at a higher risk than term infants for a number of neonatal complications. Initiatives imparting special care to late preterm infants are required in order to lower the morbidities endured by this population.

scholarly journals Developmental Features of Corpus Callosum in Children Revealed by MRI

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel A. Zykin ◽  
Anatolij N. Yalfimof ◽  
Timofey A. Aleksandrov ◽  
Elena I. Krasnoshchekova ◽  
Lyubov A. Tkachenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Relative Area ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Developmental Features

With the wide use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in clinical practice, more attention is paid to corpus callosum hypoplasia in children with various central nervous system diseases, including the cerebral palsy. We compared the areas of corpus callosum segments on the mid-sagittal MR images of the children with cerebral palsy and a control group; full-term infants and preterm infants. During the postnatal development, overall callosum area naturally increases, but single segments change differently in both absolute and relative values. In the control group, the relative area of the splenium grew insignificantly, whereas for the genu, it was stable. Children with cerebral palsy also show age-specific growth, but the area of corpus callosum is smaller compared with equal age children in the control group. We found an increased relative area of corpus callosum genu and a decrease of anterior body and splenium in the cerebral palsy group compared with the control group. The kCC index shows higher values in the control group than in any age subgroup of children with cerebral palsy. Mean values for the control group steadily increase with age, whereas in the cerebral palsy group, they remain the same. For every age-specific group, the difference of kCC was statistically significant. Mean kCC index values depend on gestational age and are statistically lower in preterm infants compared with full-term infants. Selective corpus callosum hypoplasia found in the current research could be due to Wallerian degeneration or a decreased number of axons in some of its segments. This could be explained by the disruption of neurogenesis in certain cortical areas. The morphometric index kCC can be used to detect deviations in the corpus callosum structure associated with prematurity and cerebral palsy.

Neural Correlates of Voice Perception in Newborns and the Influence of Preterm Birth

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 5717-5730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Adam-Darque ◽  
Marie P Pittet ◽  
Frédéric Grouiller ◽  
Tonia A Rihs ◽  
Russia Ha-Vinh Leuchter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Memory Representation ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Voice Perception ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
Maternal Voice ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Voice Processing

Abstract Maternal voice is a highly relevant stimulus for newborns. Adult voice processing occurs in specific brain regions. Voice-specific brain areas in newborns and the relevance of an early vocal exposure on these networks have not been defined. This study investigates voice perception in newborns and the impact of prematurity on the cerebral processes. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and high-density electroencephalography (EEG) were used to explore the brain responses to maternal and stranger female voices in full-term newborns and preterm infants at term-equivalent age (TEA). fMRI results and the EEG oddball paradigm showed enhanced processing for voices in preterms at TEA than in full-term infants. Preterm infants showed additional cortical regions involved in voice processing in fMRI and a late mismatch response for maternal voice, considered as a first trace of a recognition process based on memory representation. Full-term newborns showed increased cerebral activity to the stranger voice. Results from fMRI, oddball, and standard auditory EEG paradigms highlighted important change detection responses to novelty after birth. These findings suggest that the main components of the adult voice-processing networks emerge early in development. Moreover, an early postnatal exposure to voices in premature infants might enhance their capacity to process voices.

scholarly journals Motor Development Evaluation of Low Risk Preterm Infants through the First Six Months of Life

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Typical Sequence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
Development Evaluation

Preterm and low birth weight children are at risk for developmental deficits, many preterm children even who do not develop cerebral palsy not having reached normal motor development level regarding their chronological age. Normal motor development starts at conception and continue throughout life according to a typical sequence, pattern and timing. Evaluation and early detection of developmental deviation in preterm infants will improve the concept of early intervention and result in better quality of life to the preterm infants and their families. A longitudinal, quantitative, comparative studyone hundred infants: Preterm and full-term infants were evaluated by Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) through the first 6 months of life. There was significant difference in mean values AIMS of preterm and full term newborns. Further studies are needed to assess motor development in preterm using corrected age.

Effectiveness of Individualized Developmental Care for Low-Risk Preterm Infants: Behavioral and Electrophysiologic Evidence

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 923-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah M. Buehler ◽  
Heidelise Als ◽  
Frank H. Duffy ◽  
Gloria B. McAnulty ◽  
Jacqueline Liederman
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Behavioral Assessment ◽  
Special Care ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Developmental Care ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective. We assessed the effectiveness of individualized developmental support in the special care nursery for low-risk preterm infants. Setting. A university-affiliated teaching hospital. Participants. Twelve healthy full-term infants, and 24 low-risk preterm infants randomly assigned to a control or an experimental group. Design. The preterm control group received standard care and the preterm experimental group received individualized developmental care at the same special care nursery. Outcome Measures. Medical, behavioral (Assessment of Preterm Infants' Behavior and Prechtl's Neurological Examination of the Full-Term Newborn Infant), and electrophysiologic outcome (using quantitative electroencephalography with topographic mapping) of all three groups was assessed 2 weeks after the expected due date. Results. No between-or among-group medical differences were seen for this low-risk, healthy sample. The preterm experimental group showed behavioral and electrophysiologic performances comparable to those of the full-term group, whereas the preterm control group performed significantly less well. Behavioral measures suggested significantly poorer attentional functioning for the preterm control group. Electrophysiologic results implicated the frontal lobe. Conclusions. Individualized developmental intervention supports neurobehavioral functioning as measured at 2 weeks post-term. It appears to prevent frontal lobe and attentional difficulties in the newborn period, the possible causes of behavioral and scholastic disabilities often seen in low-risk preterm infants at later ages.

scholarly journals CLINICAL AND GENETIC DETERMINANTS OF PERINATAL PATHOLOGY IN NEWBORNS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
V.I. Pokhylko ◽  
Yu.I. Cherniavska ◽  
S.M. Tsvirenko ◽  
Z.I. Rossokha ◽  
O.V. Yakovenko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Perinatal Pathology ◽  
Gstt1 Genotype

One of the pressing issues of healthcare nowadays is applying methods of molecular genetics aimed at identifying and assessing genetic risk factors and early diagnosis of perinatal pathology. Numerous studies have contributed to identifying risk factors that affect the health of newborns. The aim of this work is to investigate the associations between the development of perinatal pathology in premature and full-term infants with polymorphism of genes of the glutathione transferase family (GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1), renin-angiotensin system (ACE, AGT2R1). Materials and methods. The study included 110 full-term infants with asphyxia, 30 healthy full-term infants for the control group, and 125 preterm infants with perinatal infections, 21 preterm infants with broncho-pulmonary dysplasia, and 70 conditionally healthy preterm infants. A set of routine clinical and laboratory methods of research and determining gene polymorphism was performed. Results. The presence of a non-functional allele of the GSTT1 gene and DD variant of the ACE gene in newborns is associated with the development of severe perinatal asphyxia (p = 0.006 and p = 0.003, respectively). Children with GSTT1 "-" and AC AG2TR1 genotypes have significantly higher levels of diastolic pressure in the first day after birth than children with functional genotypes of these genes (p <0.05). The median mean duration of mechanical ventilation and CPAP in children with GSTT1 genotype "-" was significantly higher than that in children with GSTT1 genotype "+" (p = 0.01 and p = 0.001, respectively). Conclusion. Polymorphism studies of glutathione transferase and renin-angiotensin genes can be used to predict the severity of a child's condition after birth.

scholarly journals Levels of Predominant Intestinal Microorganisms in 1 Month-Old Full-Term Babies and Weight Gain During the First Year of Life

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2412
Author(s):  
Sonia González ◽  
Marta Selma-Royo ◽  
Silvia Arboleya ◽  
Cecilia Martínez-Costa ◽  
Gonzalo Solís ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Full Term ◽  
First Year ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
Infant Weight Gain ◽  
First Year Of Life

The early life gut microbiota has been reported to be involved in neonatal weight gain and later infant growth. Therefore, this early microbiota may constitute a target for the promotion of healthy neonatal growth and development with potential consequences for later life. Unfortunately, we are still far from understanding the association between neonatal microbiota and weight gain and growth. In this context, we evaluated the relationship between early microbiota and weight in a cohort of full-term infants. The absolute levels of specific fecal microorganisms were determined in 88 vaginally delivered and 36 C-section-delivered full-term newborns at 1 month of age and their growth up to 12 months of age. We observed statistically significant associations between the levels of some early life gut microbes and infant weight gain during the first year of life. Classifying the infants into tertiles according to their Staphylococcus levels at 1 month of age allowed us to observe a significantly lower weight at 12 months of life in the C-section-delivered infants from the highest tertile. Univariate and multivariate models pointed out associations between the levels of some fecal microorganisms at 1 month of age and weight gain at 6 and 12 months. Interestingly, these associations were different in vaginally and C-section-delivered babies. A significant direct association between Staphylococcus and weight gain at 1 month of life was observed in vaginally delivered babies, whereas in C-section-delivered infants, lower Bacteroides levels at 1 month were associated with higher later weight gain (at 6 and 12 months). Our results indicate an association between the gut microbiota and weight gain in early life and highlight potential microbial predictors for later weight gain.

Infant–Father Attachment in Infants Born Preterm - A Brief Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ruediger Kissgen ◽  
Sebastian Franke ◽  
Nino Jorjadze ◽  
Bernhard Roth ◽  
Angela Kribs
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Strange Situation ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Attachment Quality ◽  
Attachment Research ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Problems ◽  
Strange Situation Procedure ◽  
Father Attachment

This study examines the infant–father attachment in infants born preterm (<  1500 g at birth and/or <  37 weeks gestation) in comparison to full-term infants. The infant–father attachment was assessed using the Strange Situation Procedure at a (corrected) age of 15 months. We found at least half of preterm and full-term infants (50.0% and 56.5 % respectively) securely attached to their fathers, and no significant overall difference was observed concerning the distribution of attachment quality comparing the two groups. In light of the fact that preterm infants tend to have numerous neurodevelopmental problems, it is encouraging that significant differences were not found in the distribution of the attachment quality among the groups. Therefore, from the perspective of attachment research, it would be highly beneficial to include fathers in the care of their preterm infants.

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