scholarly journals Diseño de un sistema fotovoltaico autónomo para el uso en áreas recreativas en la zona costera

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Elvis Carrillo-Ortega ◽  
Marco Antonio Merino-Treviño ◽  
Jorge Daniel Perez-Luna ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Castillo-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Photovoltaic Technology ◽  
Solar Resource ◽  
And Storage

Photovoltaic station created on a frame of metal and wood taking advantage of the conventional umbrella geometry, made of mesh-shadow of those used on beaches or terraces, projecting its shadow in order to avoid sunstroke to users. A multifunctional element was developed; combining ecology and technology, which uses photovoltaic technology to provide charge to gadgets and integrated LED luminaires. The 2 photovoltaic modules located on the structure not only serve to generate electricity but also to provide protection from solar radiation. For the development of this project, electrical, electronics, energy engineers and various experts in the field have collaborated. This station includes 50 Wp and 1 lithium-ion battery that makes possible the production and storage of electrical energy coming from the solar resource. Thanks to this system, the supply of electricity is guaranteed even when there is a low level of solar radiation. The recharge capacity of this installation is up to 12000 mAh at the same time an availability 24 hours a day.

scholarly journals Multifunctional Energy Storage Composite Structures with Embedded Lithium-ion Batteries

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purim Ladpli ◽  
Raphael Nardari ◽  
Fotis Kopsaftopoulos ◽  
Fu-Kuo Chang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Repeated Loading ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
Mechanical Stiffness

This work proposes and analyzes a structurally-integrated lithium-ion battery concept. The multifunctional energy storage composite (MESC) structures developed here encapsulate lithium-ion battery materials inside high-strength carbon-fiber composites and use interlocking polymer rivets to stabilize the electrode layer stack mechanically. These rivets enable load transfer between battery layers, allowing them to store electrical energy while also contributing to the structural load carrying performance, without any modifications to the battery chemistry. The design rationale, fabrication processes, and experimental mechano-electrical characterization of first-generation MESCs are discussed. Experimental results indicate that the MESCs offer electrochemically equivalent performance to the baseline chemistry, despite the disruptive design change. The mechanically-functionalized battery stack’s contribution is assessed via quasi-static three-point bending tests, with results showing significantly improved mechanical stiffness and strength over traditional pouch cells. The rivets minimize interlayer shear movement of the electrode stack, thus allowing it to maintain electrochemical functionalities while carrying mechanical bending. While minimal load application can cause permanent deformation of pouch cells, MESCs maintain their structural integrity and energy-storage capabilities after realistic repeated loading. The results obtained demonstrate the mechanical robustness of MESCs, which allows them to be fabricated as energy-storing structures for electric vehicles and other applications.

scholarly journals Predicting clear-sky global horizontal irradiance at eight locations in South Africa using four models

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evans Zhandire
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Atlas Model ◽  
Solar Resource ◽  
Mean Square Errors

Solar radiation under clear-sky conditions provides information about the maximum possible magnitude of the solar resource available at a location of interest. This information is useful for determining the limits of solar energy use in applications such as thermal and electrical energy generation. Measurements of solar irradiance to provide this information are limited by the associated cost. It is therefore of great interest and importance to develop models that generate these data in lieu of measurements. This study focused on four such models: Ineichen-Perez (I-P), European Solar Radiation Atlas model (ESRA), multilayer perceptron neural network (MLPNN) and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) models. These models were calibrated and tested using solar irradiance data measured at eight different locations in South Africa. The I-P model showed the best performance, recording relative root mean square errors of less than 2% across all hours, months and locations. The performances of the MLPNN and RBFNN were poor when averaged over all stations, but tended to show performance similar to that of the I-P model for some of the stations. The ESRA model showed performance that was in between that of the Artificial Neural Networks and that of the I-P model.

Building integrated photovoltaic modules and the integration of phase change materials for equatorial applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 634-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Karthick ◽  
K Kalidasa Murugavel ◽  
K Sudalaiyandi ◽  
A Muthu Manokar
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Building Structure ◽  
The South ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaic

The performance of building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) system depends on the geographical location and the incident angle of solar radiation. In this paper, a simple mathematical model has been developed to predict the performance of BIPV modules with and without phase change material (PCM). The effect of transmittance of the BIPV glass cover is studied with respect to incident solar radiation. The performance curves, annual energy and exergy gains are analysed for hot and humid climatic conditions of Kovilpatti (9°10′0′′N, 77°52′0′′E), Tamil Nadu, India. The annual electrical energy gains of the BIPV-PCM for the south orientation is (135 kWh) and the east orientation (110 kWh) obtained the minimum. Similarly, the annual electrical energy of the BIPV-PCM is maximum in the east orientation and minimum in the west orientation. The south orientation BIPV-PCM obtained the maximum energy (190 kWh) and exergy (27.3 kWh). The theoretically calculated results have good agreement with experimental results. Practical application: Integration of photovoltaic modules into the building structure has many benefits and challenges; before integrating into the building structure, the performance and impact of the BIPV module needs to be studied. This study will assist developers and designers to understand the likely performance of the BIPV modules and assess the benefit of integrated phase change materials for application in residential buildings in equatorial climate zones.

scholarly journals Review on the Sources of Power Loss in Monofacial and Bifacial Photovoltaic Technologies

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7935
Author(s):  
Michelle Kitayama da Silva ◽  
Mehreen Saleem Gul ◽  
Hassam Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Electromagnetic Shielding ◽  
Front Side ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Photovoltaic Technology ◽  
Photovoltaic Technologies

An evaluation of the degradation effects on photovoltaic modules is essential to minimise uncertainties in the system operation. Bifacial photovoltaic technology is attracting attention due to the capacity of generating energy from the front and rear sides. This paper presents a review of degradation factors, for both conventional monofacial and bifacial photovoltaic modules, to highlight how the current and voltage characteristics of these technologies are affected by degradation. Microcracking, encapsulant discoloration, and light induced degradation seem to have similar effects on both modules. Contrarily, bifacial modules are more prone to potential induced degradation as the electromagnetic shielding is affected by the bifaciality. Bifacial devices are less affected by light and elevated temperature induced degradation. The degradation (1.3%) is similar for both technologies, up to 40 kWh/m2 of solar radiation. Above this value, monofacial degradation increases faster, reaching values of 7%. For tilted systems, the front side soiling degradation of 0.30% per day is similar for both technologies. For vertical systems, soiling loss for bifacial is considerably lower with values of 0.02% per day.

scholarly journals A Review on Battery Modelling Techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10042
Author(s):  
S. Tamilselvi ◽  
S. Gunasundari ◽  
N. Karuppiah ◽  
Abdul Razak RK ◽  
S. Madhusudan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Heuristic Algorithms ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Battery Modelling ◽  
The Impact

The growing demand for electrical energy and the impact of global warming leads to a paradigm shift in the power sector. This has led to the increased usage of renewable energy sources. Due to the intermittent nature of the renewable sources of energy, devices capable of storing electrical energy are required to increase its reliability. The most common means of storing electrical energy is battery systems. Battery usage is increasing in the modern days, since all mobile systems such as electric vehicles, smart phones, laptops, etc., rely on the energy stored within the device to operate. The increased penetration rate of the battery system requires accurate modelling of charging profiles to optimise performance. This paper presents an extensive study of various battery models such as electrochemical models, mathematical models, circuit-oriented models and combined models for different types of batteries. It also discusses the advantages and drawbacks of these types of modelling. With AI emerging and accelerating all over the world, there is a scope for researchers to explore its application in multiple fields. Hence, this work discusses the application of several machine learning and meta heuristic algorithms for battery management systems. This work details the charging and discharging characteristics using the black box and grey box techniques for modelling the lithium-ion battery. The approaches, advantages and disadvantages of black box and grey box type battery modelling are analysed. In addition, analysis has been carried out for extracting parameters of a lithium-ion battery model using evolutionary algorithms.

scholarly journals Shapes Of Energy-Active Segments Of Steel Buildings

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Kowal ◽  
M. Siedlecka ◽  
R. Piotrowski ◽  
K. Brzezińska ◽  
K. Otwinowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Thermal Strain ◽  
Regular Structure ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Steel Buildings ◽  
Structural Capacity ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Optimal Adaptation

AbstractThe study presents the summary of the knowledge of energy-active segments of steel buildings adapted to obtain electrical energy (EE) and thermal energy (TE) from solar radiation, and to transport and store TE. The study shows a general concept of the design of energy-active segments, which are separated from conventional segments in the way that allows the equipment installation and replacement. Exemplary solutions for the design of energy-active segments, optimised with respect to the principle of minimum thermal strain and maximum structural capacity and reliability were given [34]. The following options of the building covers were considered: 1) regular structure, 2) reduced structure, 3) basket structure, 4) structure with a tie, high-pitched to allow snow sliding down the roof to enhance TE and EE obtainment. The essential task described in the study is the optimal adaptation of energy-active segments in large-volume buildings for extraction, transportation and storage of energy from solar radiation.

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