scholarly journals Taking Advantage of Social Conformity in Entrepreneurship

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Elfindah Princes ◽  
Adler Haymans Manurung
Keyword(s):  
Social Influence ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Future Trend ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Conformity ◽  
The Individual

Objective – To increase firm performance, the stakeholders have been striving and working hard to achieve company goals. Prior research on entrepreneurship theories and influencing factors have been abundant especially in the sensemaking of the current dynamic environment and disruptive innovations. Social conformity is an act of following the majority in order to be liked, to be accepted or due to the group pressure. The literatures on social conformity mostly are in journals of psychology and very limited number of these journals are in the field of entrepreneurship. Methodology/Technique – This paper aims to examine the effects of social conformity hereinafter refer to purchase conformity and the factors influencing the purchase conformity to boost sales rate, namely social status, social influence, social ties and social comparison using the mixed-method methodology on 86 adult respondents located in Jakarta. Findings – The result shows that the social comparison has the biggest influence compared to social influence and social ties. Conformity in a deeper sense can benefit the company by predicting the future trend of the majority. Novelty – The ability to predict or even create the majority trend before the trend hits will boost the sales rate and give more competitive advantages to the company. Future research should address the individual psychological factors and the strategies of the firm to increase purchase conformity. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Social Conformity; Social Ties; Social Comparison; Social Status; Purchase Conformity Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Princes E.; Manurung, A. H., 2020. Taking Advantage of Social Conformity in Entrepreneurship, J. Mgt. Mkt. Review, 5(1) 64 – 73. https://doi.org/10.35609/jmmr.2020.5.1(6) JEL Classification: M31, M21.

scholarly journals Why Do People Support Online Crowdfunding Charities? A Case Study From China

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huifang Jiao ◽  
Lamei Qian ◽  
Tianzhuo Liu ◽  
Lijun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Social Influence ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Intrinsic Motivations ◽  
Future Return ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Whereas the effect of people’s motivations to give to traditional, off-line charities has been extensively investigated, their motivations to support online charitable crowdfunding projects are largely unexplored. The present study examines the influences of extrinsic motivations (such as reputation, the wish to signal a certain image; and reciprocity, the expectation on future return for their present contribution), intrinsic motivations (such as a sense of belonging, the feeling of belonging to an integral part of a positive community; joy of giving, the anticipated positive emotions experienced by helping others; altruism, intrinsic desire to help others without expectation of a return; and financial constraints, individuals’ personally felt financial stresses induced by donations), and social interactions (such as social influence, people’s perception of how their close acquaintances believe they should support the project; and social ties, the strength of the relationship between the individual and the project initiator) on intentions to support charitable crowdfunding behaviors, namely, the willingness to share (WTS) project information and the intention to donate (ITD) money. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses on self-reported survey data from 617 respondents in China reveal support for the hypotheses. The results show that intrinsic motivations and social ties are predictors for both supporting behaviors. Reputation and social influence motivate people to share projects, but have no significant effects on their ITD. Reciprocity is positively, and financial constraints are negatively, related to ITD but have no significant effects on WTS. These findings offer insights into the motivations driving individuals’ participation in charitable crowdfunding. The implications for both platforms and fundraisers are discussed.

Moderating Business Environment Influence on Individual Entrepreneurial Competence and Entrepreneurial Orientation Toward Business Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Giriati Giriati
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Credit Union ◽  
The Individual

Objective - This article aims to analyze the influence of moderating hostile and dynamic business environment variables on Individual Entrepreneurial Competence (IEC) and Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) on Business Performance. Methodology/Technique - This study is conducted on Credit Union (microfinance), especially in West Kalimantan, using the Structural Equation Model technique. Findings - The results of the analysis show that the Individual Entrepreneurial Competence variables and Entrepreneurial Orientation have a positive influence on Business Performance. Meanwhile, Individual Entrepreneurial Competence and Entrepreneurial Orientation have a positive and greater influence on Business Performance in hostile environments. On the other hand, Individual Entrepreneurial Competence has a positive effect on Business Performance, but tend to be weak on dynamic environment. The Entrepreneurial Orientation has a positive and stronger impact on Business Performance in a dynamic environment. Novelty - The study helps to develop business environment for nurturing entrepreneurship. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Individual Entrepreneurial Competence; Entrepreneurial Orientation; Hostile versus Dynamic; Business Performance. JEL Classification: I21, L25, L26.

scholarly journals The microfoundations of organizational ambidexterity: A systematic review of individual ambidexterity through a multilevel framework

2020 ◽  
pp. 234094442092971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva M Pertusa-Ortega ◽  
José F Molina-Azorín ◽  
Juan José Tarí ◽  
Jorge Pereira-Moliner ◽  
María D López-Gamero
Keyword(s):  
Jel Classification ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organizational Ambidexterity ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Know How ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Exploration Exploitation

The analysis of ambidexterity at the individual level may help to open the black box of organizational ambidexterity and to address the microfoundations of the exploration/exploitation dilemma in order to know how it can be achieved. The purpose of this article is to examine the main characteristics, antecedents, and consequences of individual ambidexterity, highlighting several key theoretical and methodological issues. Through a systematic literature review, we synthesize and integrate knowledge about individual ambidexterity, identifying opportunities and challenges for future research. We propose a multilevel framework that includes antecedents, consequences, and contingent effects of individual ambidexterity and their relationships. This multilevel framework may help to overcome the micro–macro divide in the management field. We also provide a synthesis of future research proposals. JEL CLASSIFICATION: M10

scholarly journals A review of the biomechanical determinants of rugby scrummaging performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Andrew Green ◽  
Yoga Coopoo ◽  
Jason Cameron Tee ◽  
Warrick McKinon
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Force Components ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Analysis

Introduction: The scrum is a physical contest unique to the game of rugby union, is important for determining match outcomes. Objectives: This review will describe the current understanding of the kinetic and kinematic determinants of successful scrum performance to support coaching interventions and inform future research. Methods: Literature review Results: Individual and combined scrumming forces increase with playing level, but there is no concurrent increase in body mass or player strength. There is very little variation in individual kinematics between individuals and across levels of play suggesting that there are limited possible techniques for successful scrummaging. Live scrum contests are dynamic and require constant adjustments to body positions in response to increased compressive force and exaggerated the lateral and vertical force components. Skilled performers are able to exert high levels of horizontal force while maintaining effective body positions within this dynamic environment. Conclusions: Success in scrummaging depends on optimisation of joint angles and force production at the individual level, and co-ordination of effort at a team level. Analysis presented here demonstrates that producing large scrum-specific forces and achieving the optimal ‘body shape’ are essential for scrum performance.

scholarly journals Variations in EEG predicts the individual differences in social tasks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoming Zhang ◽  
Kunkun Zhang ◽  
Ziqi Zhang ◽  
Mingqi Zhao ◽  
Quanying Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Influence ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Social Conformity ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Social Tasks ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

People experience events and form an impression of others in a way that is affected by social influence every day. In the present study, we designed a series of experiments centered on social influence to investigate people's bias in following others' opinions and its underlying neural predictors. Our results showed social conformity and proved that social influence-induced change can be predicted by the amount of electroencephalogram (EEG) variations when people view others' faces. This prediction effect is robust in the alpha-band over the right frontal and left occipital electrodes for negative influence. EEG variations can also predict the subsequent trust difference between negatively and positively influenced faces. Our findings suggest that higher EEG variations in the pre-influence task may serve as a predictor of high vulnerability to social influence. The present study provides a novel approach that considers both the stability of one's endogenous EEG and the variations in external task components to predict human social behaviors.

Development of a German-Language Questionnaire to Measure Collective Orientation as an Individual Attitude

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Hagemann
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
German Language ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Collective Orientation ◽  
Team Research ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
The Individual

Abstract. The individual attitudes of every single team member are important for team performance. Studies show that each team member’s collective orientation – that is, propensity to work in a collective manner in team settings – enhances the team’s interdependent teamwork. In the German-speaking countries, there was previously no instrument to measure collective orientation. So, I developed and validated a German-language instrument to measure collective orientation. In three studies (N = 1028), I tested the validity of the instrument in terms of its internal structure and relationships with other variables. The results confirm the reliability and validity of the instrument. The instrument also predicts team performance in terms of interdependent teamwork. I discuss differences in established individual variables in team research and the role of collective orientation in teams. In future research, the instrument can be applied to diagnose teamwork deficiencies and evaluate interventions for developing team members’ collective orientation.

Attention Sustainability Impact on Social Status in the Class

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Stanislava Varadinova
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Early School ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Way ◽  
Positive Environment

The attention sustainability and its impact of social status in the class are current issues concerning the field of education are the reasons for delay in assimilating the learning material and early school dropout. Behind both of those problems stand psychological causes such as low attention sustainability, poor communication skills and lack of positive environment. The presented article aims to prove that sustainability of attention directly influences the social status of students in the class, and hence their overall development and the way they feel in the group. Making efforts to increase students’ attention sustainability could lead to an increase in the social status of the student and hence the creation of a favorable and positive environment for the overall development of the individual.

A Review on Employee’s Voluntary Turnover: A Psychological Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Yan Zhen ◽  
Zuraina Dato Mansor
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Turnover Rate ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Voluntary Turnover ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
The Individual

Objective – High voluntary turnover rate has become the focus of most employers and scholars in related fields. Although employers have attempted to use a variety of retention strategies to retain qualified and skilled employees, the turnover rate remains high in the vast majority of industries around the world. Methodology/Technique – Past studies are concerned mostly with employees’ external demands such as salaries, fringe benefits, work conditions and less focus has been given on the importance of employees’ internal needs based on psychological capital. Therefore, there is a need to perform a study on the turnover from this perspective as it is crucial not only to retain the individual but also to ensure their contentment and satisfaction are fulfilled by their organizations. Findings – This paper undertakes a review of existing literature which specifically addresses the perspectives of individual psychology, and simultaneously explains the relationship between the two psychological factors (namely psychological capital and person-environment fit) and the turnover intention with the mediating effect of job satisfaction. Novelty – The arguments are presented to emphasize the needs to carry out this study. Type of Paper: Review. Keywords: Psychological Capital; Person-organization Fit; Job Satisfaction; Turnover Intention. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Zhen, Y; Mansor, Z.D. 2020. A Review on Employee’s Voluntary Turnover: A Psychological Perspective, J. Mgt. Mkt. Review 5(2) 107 – 112 https://doi.org/10.35609/jmmr.2020.5.2(3) JEL Classification: M54, Z32.

Academic Events: An Empirically Grounded Typology and Their Academic Impact

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Trøst Hansen ◽  
David Budtz Pedersen ◽  
Carmel Foley
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Academic Impact ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Tourism Studies ◽  
Academic Events ◽  
Business Events ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Analytical Frameworks ◽  
Academic Sector

The meetings industry, government bodies, and scholars within tourism studies have identified the need to understand the broader impact of business events. To succeed in this endeavor, we consider it necessary to develop analytical frameworks that are sensitive to the particularities of the analyzed event, sector, and stakeholder group. In this article we focus on the academic sector and offer two connected analyses. First is an empirically grounded typology of academic events. We identify four differentiating dimensions of academic events: size, academic focus, participants, and tradition, and based on these dimensions we develop a typology of academic events that includes: congress, specialty conference, symposium, and practitioners' meeting. Secondly, we outline the academic impact of attending these four types of events. For this purpose, the concept of credibility cycles is used as an analytical framework for examining academic impact. We suggest that academic events should be conceptualized and evaluated as open marketplaces that facilitate conversion of credibility. Data were obtained from interviews with 22 researchers at three Danish universities. The study concludes that there are significant differences between the events in terms of their academic impact. Moreover, the outcome for the individual scholar depends on the investment being made. Finally, the study calls for a future research agenda on beyond tourism benefits based on interdisciplinary collaborations.

Physiology of Larval Feeding

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Marine Invertebrate ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Digestive Physiology ◽  
Larval Body ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Invertebrate Larvae

The functional properties of marine invertebrate larvae represent the sum of the physiological activities of the individual, the interdependence among cells making up the whole, and the correct positioning of cells within the larval body. This chapter examines physiological aspects of nutrient acquisition, digestion, assimilation, and distribution within invertebrate larvae from an organismic and comparative perspective. Growth and development of larvae obviously require the acquisition of “food.” Yet the mechanisms where particulate or dissolved organic materials are converted into biomass and promote development of larvae differ and are variably known among groups. Differences in the physiology of the digestive system (secreted enzymes, gut transit time, and assimilation) within and among feeding larvae suggest the possibility of an underappreciated plasticity of digestive physiology. How the ingestion of seawater by and the existence of a circulatory system within larvae contribute to larval growth and development represent important topics for future research.

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