scholarly journals Circulation of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in Health Facilities of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Kh.Kh. Batchaev ◽  
T.D. Pilipenko ◽  
L.G. Sereda ◽  
T.A. Petryuk
Keyword(s):  
Health Facilities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cervical Canal ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Maternity Hospitals ◽  
Microbiological Laboratory ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Health Care Associated Infections ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

Introduction. Gram-positive enterococci are an integral part of the normal intestinal microflora. However, if they get into wounds or sterile cavities of the body, they may induce various diseases including wound infections, urethritis, peritonitis, sepsis, pyelonephritis, or damage other organs. These microorganisms also induce nosocomial infections and are among the causative agents of health care-associated infections (HAIs); thus, it is critical to control the spread of enterococci. Our purpose was to monitor circulation of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in health facilities of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic (KCR) in 2016-2018. Materials and methods. We studied VRE strains isolated in the Microbiological Laboratory of the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic. During three years, the total of 281 strains of vancomycin-resistant enterococci were isolated from various biological materials received from obstetric, surgical, pediatric, and therapeutic hospitals and from outpatients undergoing treatment in polyclinics of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic. Results. According to our data, VRE rates per 100 examined patients were 2.34 in 2016, 3.4 in 2017, and 3.03 in 2018, and were comparable to the rates registered in the Russian Federation in the range of 3% to 22.7%. Discussion. When analyzing circulation of vancomycin-resistant enterococci, we established that the highest VRE rate (4.24 per 100 examined patients) was observed in maternity hospitals, while the lowest rate of 0.67% was observed in therapeutic departments. When studying sensitivity of 281 isolated VRE strains to eight antibacterial drugs, no strain resistant to all antibiotics was revealed. Sensitivity to linezolid, ampicillin, and penicillin was observed in 92.6%, 79.0%, and 66.2% of strains. Sensitivity to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, tetracycline, and nitrofurantoin was 50% or less. VRE were mainly isolated from urine and discharge from the cervical canal and pharynx.

Molecular epidemiology of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in Singapore

Pathology ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Tse Koh ◽  
Beng Low ◽  
Nicholas Leo ◽  
Li-Yang Hsu ◽  
Raymond Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

Prevalence of Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci in Various Clinical Specimens in Tertiary Care Hospital in North Delhi

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-144
Author(s):  
Swati Chaudhary ◽  
◽  
Swastika Aggarwal ◽  
Pawan Kumar ◽  
SK Aggarwal SK Aggarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

Appointment of Antimicrobial Medications in a Hospital Depending on the Results of Microbiological Monitoring of HAI

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
S. D. Mitrokhin ◽  
O. E. Orlova ◽  
I. V. Gosteva ◽  
A. S. Shkoda
Keyword(s):  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Microbiological Monitoring ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Extreme Drug Resistance ◽  
Microbiological Laboratory ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Medical Programs ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

One of the tasks of the hospital-s clinical pharmacologists service is to continuously monitor the consumption of antimicrobial drugs (DDD analysis) depending on the microbiological and epidemiological situation in the hospital. This is necessary for the implementation of various medical programs and technologies aimed at reducing the selection pressure of antimicrobial drugs and reducing the risk of the emergence, accumulation, and spread of bacteria strains with multiple and/or extreme drug resistance to these drugs in the hospital environment. To date, some medical institutions, especially in the various regions of the Russian Federation, do not have a proper team of clinical pharmacologists and a modern, well-equipped and computerized microbiological laboratory. This does not allow full implementation of the above-mentioned programs in such hospitals, e. g. Antimicrobial therapy monitoring system — SСAT and technologies, e. g. «carbapenem-preserving technologies» and «microbiological monitoring».

scholarly journals Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci and Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Bacterial Colonization of the Cervix after Emergency Cerclage: Is It Safe?

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 933
Author(s):  
Won-Kyu Jang ◽  
Jin-Gon Bae
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
Cervical Surgery ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

Antimicrobial resistance is currently becoming a global threat to human health. We performed a retrospective study on patients who underwent emergency cerclage between January 2016 and December 2018 at the Dongsan Medical Center. Cervical culture was first performed before surgery to confirm that there was no infection and was repeated on days 1, 4, and 7 after surgery. A total of 85 pregnant women underwent emergency cerclage. Among them, six patients had vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) colonization in the cervix after cerclage, and 23 patients developed extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacterial colonization in the cervix. The average gestational age at delivery was lower in the VRE group. Neonatal death was also significantly higher in the VRE group. The rate of occurrence of early-onset sepsis was also higher in the VRE group, and both VRE and ESBL-producing bacterial colonization cases in which early-onset sepsis occurred resulted in neonatal death. The prognosis of cervical VRE colonization after cervical surgery was poor, whereas the prognosis of ESBL-producing bacterial colonization in the cervix did not differ significantly from that of the control group. However, careful neonatal treatment is required considering that early-onset sepsis is fatal to the newborn.

Timing and route of contamination of hospitalized patient rooms with healthcare-associated pathogens

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sarah N. Redmond ◽  
Basya S. Pearlmutter ◽  
Yilen K. Ng-Wong ◽  
Heba Alhmidi ◽  
Jennifer L. Cadnum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Veterans Affairs ◽  
Portable Equipment ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Bacteriophage Ms2 ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Abstract Objective: To investigate the timing and routes of contamination of the rooms of patients newly admitted to the hospital. Design: Observational cohort study and simulations of pathogen transfer. Setting: A Veterans’ Affairs hospital. Participants: Patients newly admitted to the hospital with no known carriage of healthcare-associated pathogens. Methods: Interactions between the participants and personnel or portable equipment were observed, and cultures of high-touch surfaces, floors, bedding, and patients’ socks and skin were collected for up to 4 days. Cultures were processed for Clostridioides difficile, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). Simulations were conducted with bacteriophage MS2 to assess plausibility of transfer from contaminated floors to high-touch surfaces and to assess the effectiveness of wearing slippers in reducing transfer. Results: Environmental cultures became positive for at least 1 pathogen in 10 (59%) of the 17 rooms, with cultures positive for MRSA, C. difficile, and VRE in the rooms of 10 (59%), 2 (12%), and 2 (12%) participants, respectively. For all 14 instances of pathogen detection, the initial site of recovery was the floor followed in a subset of patients by detection on sock bottoms, bedding, and high-touch surfaces. In simulations, wearing slippers over hospital socks dramatically reduced transfer of bacteriophage MS2 from the floor to hands and to high-touch surfaces. Conclusions: Floors may be an underappreciated source of pathogen dissemination in healthcare facilities. Simple interventions such as having patients wear slippers could potentially reduce the risk for transfer of pathogens from floors to hands and high-touch surfaces.

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