scholarly journals مفهوم الحِرابة وضوابِطُها دراسة بين النص القرآني والتراث الفقهي

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (82) ◽  
pp. 42-11
Author(s):  
حسن الخطاف
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
The Social

تناولت هذه الدراسة مفهوم الحرابة التي اهتم بها الفقهاء من غير دخول في جزئيات العقوبة وشروطها، وتعرضت لما أوردته الآيات القرآنية الكريمة في الموضوع؛ وقارنت الفهم الفقهي الذي يتأثر بالعرف، بالدلالة المباشر للآيات القرآنية، وهو الفساد في الأرض. وقد أظهرت الدراسة -استناداً إلى الآيات القرآنية- أن الحرابة أوسع من قطع الطريق للاعتداء على النفس أو غير ذلك؛ فنشر المخدرات والرذيلة مثلاً داخل في مفهوم الحرابة، وكذلك استهداف الفرد أو الدولة عن طريق العبث بدستورها، أو الاعتداء على شعبها، أو التآمر على كيانها؛ تجنب كل ما يتعارض مع تعاليم الشريعة الإسلامية السمحة التي جاءت لتحقيق مقاصد الأمن والخير للإنسان في الدارين. This study investigates the concept of banditry in the Qur’anic and the Fiqh contexts, without going into the juridical details of the punishment for banditry and its conditions. The study gives a special focus on the influence of the social traditions related to banditry as compared to the direct meaning of the Qur'anic text, i.e. corruption on Earth. Based on the Qur'anic verses the study has shown that the concept of banditry is broader than high robbery or manslaughter. It includes other acts like drugs dealing, promotion of immorality, targeting individuals or the state by extra-constitutional means and laws, or terrorizing citizens; as all that is considered violation of the teachings of the tolerant Shari‘a, which came to achieve the purposes of security and human well-being in this life and the Hereafter. 

CONTROL SYSTEM IN MODERN JAPAN (NIHONTEKI KEYKEY): THE KEY TO INNOVATIVE DEVEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
A. I. SAMSIN ◽  
◽  
M. A. PONOMAREV ◽  
V. V. VELIKOROSSOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Control System ◽  
Management System ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Japan

The article is devoted to the analysis of the main trends and problems of the management system in modern Japan, which is the key to the country's innovative economic development. Shows the social orientation of the state authorities to protect the rights, freedoms and well-being of citizens. Today, the country is actively fighting against the coronavirus pandemic. The decisive role belongs to government bodies, it is they who develop and implement a system of measures to overcome this serious danger.

scholarly journals Standard of economic sustainability of family a new orientation of income policy

POPULATION ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-127
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Rzhanitsyna
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Income Policy ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Market Relations

Improving labor incentives is a condition for the Russian economy to recover from the crisis, increase the well-being of the population, and further develop the country. In this regard, in the policy and organization of remuneration, it is proposed to switch from an orientation towards the physiological minimum to a standard of income that would allow an employee to earn a decent income on himself and the child, to the standard of economic sustainability of a family with children. A fair salary exempts the worker from dependence on the social assistance of the state, determined by the decision of the official. The transition of the state policy of personal income is a way to reduce the poverty of workers, to ensure material well-being for the economically active population, thereby creating a middle class, the basis of social stability and social peace in society. And the account of expenses for children is an objective component of the price and reproduction of labor in the system of market relations.

Religious Resurgence in Contemporary Asia: Southeast Asian Perspectives on Capitalism, the State, and the New Piety

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1031-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Hefner
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Spiritual Disciplines ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Insufficient Attention ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
The Social ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
State Capital

Large portions of East and Southeast Asia are in the throes of a historically unprecedented upsurge in religious observance and association. Many of the new varieties of religiosity are more popular, voluntary, and laity based than the religions of yesteryear. Many are also marked by the heightened participation of women, and an emphasis on inner-worldly well-being as well as otherworldly transcendence. Focusing on Southeast Asia, but with references to developments in China, this article examines the social and moral genealogy of eastern Asia's religious vitalization. Many analysts have emphasized the influence of postcolonial secularisms, neoliberal disciplines, and ascendant civil societies in the religious resurgence. Although these factors have indeed played a role, the macro-narratives of the state, capital, and democratization often give insufficient attention to the micro- and meso-passions of self, family, and neighborhood, all of which have contributed to the popularization and proximatization of once restricted spiritual disciplines.

scholarly journals The Nature of Interethnic Relations in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) During the Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-145
Author(s):  
Elena Shchegolkova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic

The article is devoted to the analysis of interethnic relations in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) against the background of the coronavirus pandemic. The study was conducted taking into account the methodology of monitoring studies implemented by the FADN of Russia. This material presents data that allow us to make comparisons with representative ethnosociological studies carried out in the RS(Ya) in different years, and to trace the patterns of development of interethnic relations. The article presents conclusions about the state of interethnic relations in the RS (Ya) in 2020. The results of the study allow us to speak about a benevolent interethnic climate in the republic: 75% of Yakuts assess interethnic relations in the republic as benevolent and normal. These indicators are close to the all-Russian ones. The analysis of assessments of interethnic relations in the settlements of the republic for the period 2015–2020 shows a positive dynamics. The interethnic attitudes of the respondents demonstrate a positive trend – 70–80% of the respondents expressed their readiness for interethnic interactions in the labor and informal spheres. The dynamics of measurements on the Bogardus scale demonstrates a steady reduction in the socio-cultural distance. The factors influencing the current trends in interethnic attitudes are highlighted. Negative assessments of the social well-being of the population affect the perception of interethnic relations. Those who are dissatisfied with their life and financial situation are more likely to assess the interethnic situation in their locality as tense.

scholarly journals Por uma educação minimamente inclusiva: o uso do nome social para travestis e transexuais nas escolas do estado de São Paulo

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 398
Author(s):  
Tassio Acosta ◽  
Eduardo Meinberg de Albuquerque Maranhão Filho
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
School Environments ◽  
The Social ◽  
Legal Frameworks

Apresenta-se neste artigo algumas considerações a respeito do uso do nome social em ambiente escolar, com especial enfoque no estado de São Paulo. Para tal, realiza-se uma análise de marcos legais referentes ao uso do nome social por travestis e transexuais neste estado, bem como de registros quantitativos de discentes que se identificam a partir destas duas categorias identitárias de gênero. O estudo mostra-se relevante por ser o primeiro a mapear quantitativamente a existência de transexuais e travestis nos bancos escolares entre o período de 2016 a 2019, em todos os níveis de ensino do estado de São Paulo. Conclui-se que há a necessidade de capacitar os funcionários das escolas para melhor reconhecer as especificidades da comunidade transexual e travesti, assim como para possibilitar maiores condições da manutenção de seus direitos civis, evitando a evasão e possibilitando a escolarização desta parcela da sociedade.Palavras-chave: Nome Social. Travestis e Transexuais. Educação Inclusiva.For a minimally inclusive education: the use of the social name for transvestites and transsexuals in the schools of the state of São Paulo  ABSTRACT This article presents some considerations regarding the use of the social name in a school environment, with a special focus on the State of São Paulo. To this end, an analysis is made of legal frameworks regarding the use of the social name by transvestites and transsexuals in this State, as well as quantitative records of students who identify themselves from these two gender identity categories. The study is relevant because for being the first one to quantitatively map the existence of transsexuals and transvestites in school environments, between2016 to 2019, at all levels of education in the State of São Paulo. We conclude that there is a need to train school staff to better recognize the specificities of the transsexual and transvestite community, as well as to enable greater conditions for the maintenance of their civil rights, avoiding evasion and enabling the education of this part of Society.Keywords: Social Name. Transvestites and Transsexuals. Inclusive Education. Para una educación mínimamente inclusiva: el uso del nombre social para travestis y transexuales en escuelas del estado de São PauloResumenEste artículo presenta algunas consideraciones sobre el uso del nombre social en un entorno escolar, con un enfoque especial en el Estado de São Paulo. Con este fin, se realiza un análisis de los marcos legales con respecto al uso del nombre social de travestis y transexuales en este estado, así como los registros cuantitativos de los estudiantes que se identifican a partir de estas dos categorías de identidad de género. Su importancia se debe a que es el primer estudio que mapea cuantitativamente la existencia de transexuales y travestis en bancos escolares, entre el período de 2016 a 2019, en todos los niveles de educación en el Estado de São Paulo. Concluimos que existe la necesidad de capacitar al personal de la escuela para reconocer mejor los detalles de la comunidad transexual y travesti, así como para permitir mayores condiciones para el mantenimiento de sus derechos civiles, evitando la evasión y permitiendo la educación de esta parte de la sociedad.Palabras clave: Nombre Social. Travestis y Transexuales. Educación Inclusiva.

scholarly journals LIFE AFTER RETIREMENT AND STRUGGLE FOR PENSION IN OSUN STATE, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-153
Author(s):  
Samson Adewumi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
State Government ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Management Effectiveness ◽  
Security Measure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Active Service ◽  
Economic Balance

Commenting on the significance of pension as a social security measure for cushioning the economic demands that comes with retirement, there are pockets of evidence advancing the commentaries that pension aid in striking an economic balance between the periods of retirement and active service. This statement captures the importance of pension as an essential social security measure. This paper assesses life after retirement and the struggle for pension in Osun State, Nigeria. Previous studies have largely focus on pension policies and reforms, with a scare attention on life after retirement experiences and struggle for pension in Nigeria. The exploratory research design was applied to advance the limit of knowledge on pension and retirement discourse with a total of 28 pensioners selected for interviews through the snowball and convenient recruitment strategies. The Social Contract Theory was utilized to understand major assumptions raised in the study. Findings reveal a number of life after retirement challenges for pensioners including inability to access medical treatment, difficulty in providing for families due to non-payment of pension and strenuous pension verification exercise among others. It was equally shown that the social security responsibilities of the Osun State government towards the welfare of pensioners in the state have been hijacked with political propaganda, while pensioners are left to go through untold hardship. The study recommends for the constitution of a separate pension budget for pension management effectiveness in the state. Lastly, it is recommended that the Osun State government be committed to the well-being of pensioners by avoiding all forms of politicking with the welfare of those who have served the state in various capacities during their active years.

scholarly journals The State – a necessity or an enemy?

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 29-46
Author(s):  
Jan Kłos
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Spawning Ground ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Social Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Principle ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Modern Era

This paper seeks to show the State in its historical and analytical approaches. In view of history, we find two principal solutions. In this text they are called metaphysical and contractual. The metaphysical solution is characteristic of the pre-modern era with its Aristotelian claim that we carry the social principle in our human nature; the principle is the spawning ground for the State. Now, the contractual, i.e. the modern, approach defines the State as a result of human negotiation. Historically speaking, there have been many proposals along the spectrum from an overgrown institution to its, much atrophied, form. The author proposes a modest approach to our understanding of the State: it is needed from the well-being of social community. The condition, however, of this well-being is that the State be limited, allowing much space for its society to grow and form indispensable interrelations.

scholarly journals Transformation Issues of Social Policy as a Basis for the Social Security of a State

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (46) ◽  
pp. 357-363
Author(s):  
D. H. Mykhailenko ◽  
◽  
O. V. Hrypich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
External Threats ◽  
The Social

One of the important tasks of social policy is to ensure the social security and development of a state. Protection of the individual, society and the state from internal and external threats is ensured by social security. Social development is reflected in the effective implementation of social programs aimed at improving social welfare and the well-being of citizens. The article is aimed at suggesting some approaches to define social policy as a basis for the formation of social security of a state. Legal documents regulating security formation in the social sphere are considered. The components of social security are identified. Approaches to define the social policy of a state in the context of social security formation are offered. The types and models for carrying out social policies in the view of forming the social security of a state are analyzed. Ukraine’s social policy needs to be transformed, as it is characterized by low economic efficiency, this being the reason for the state’s inability to ensure a high level of well-being for all its citizens. Domestic social policy is characterized by a low level of security and limited social benefits for ordinary citizens, but the elite can use a whole system of social benefits and privileges. All this threatens the social security of the state. The ideology of domestic social policy makes the citizens highly dependent on the state, instead of promoting the citizens’ initiatives. However, the social security formation is impossible without improving life quality and bringing in social welfare, and without reforming and developing the social sphere. It can only become possible if social consensus is reached between different groups of political and economic interests and the state.

Social state and civil society in the context of implementation of nation projects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.К. Левашов ◽  
◽  
Н.М. Великая ◽  
И.С. Шушпанова ◽  
В.А. Афанасьев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Election Campaigns ◽  
Social State ◽  
Democratic Development ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Management Personnel ◽  
The Social

The collective monograph presents the results of the sociological monitoring "Social state and civil society in the context of the implementation of national projects", carried out within the framework of the 50th stage of the Russian sociological monitoring "How are you, Russia?" (August-September 2020), reflecting the dynamics of perception the socio-political situation in Russia by the main groups and strata of the population. The authors analyze the processes of the formation of the social state and civil society taking place in society in a pandemic, the social well-being of Russians in recent years, the dynamics of their attitude to the state, its policy, ensuring the norms of democratic development and the implementation of national projects. For researchers, analysts, teachers, postgraduates, students specializing in the study of sociopolitical processes, politicians, organizers and activists of election campaigns, management personnel.

Public-Private Partnership in the Post-Coronavirus Reality

2021 ◽  
pp. 120-147
Author(s):  
Irina Yurievna Vaslavskaya ◽  
Yan Vaslavskiy
Keyword(s):  
Social Preferences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Absolute Priority ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Priority

The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the failure of the state to withstand emergencies, threatening the lives of millions of citizens. By introducing regimes of social and economic lockdowns in fighting coronavirus, the state faced a societal crisis. Its consequences can't be overestimated, especially due to economic recovery. The growing distrust of households in the state was caused by the disruption of their usual way of living, the growth of unemployment, and the deterioration in their well-being. So people began to distinguish significant differences between their individual values and preferences institutionalized by the state. Hence, the priority for the state should be to restore citizens' confidence by creating a more inclusive societal environment, minimizing the negative consequences of the societal crisis. Infrastructure PPP projects can demonstrate the social preferences' public priority. The “institutional matrix” of PPP organizational forms makes it possible to choose conditions for public projects' implementation with the absolute priority of the healthcare system.

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