ISSUES OF CLASSIFYING TRANSFER RISKS IN THE TRANSFER ACTIVITIES OF A FOOTBALL CLUB

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2540-2551
Author(s):  
A.S. Baskakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Football Club ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Transfer Activity ◽  
Football Clubs

The commercial attractiveness of football, the introduction of financial “fair play” and the need to disclose financial statements are forcing professional football clubs to pay more and more attention to issues of financial stability, improving management efficiency, including the transfer activities of football clubs. The article deals with the issues of transfer activity of a professional football club and the risks arising from this, which can significantly affect the financial, sports and reputation components of the club’s activities. This topic is especially relevant in view of the current situation with the coronavirus pandemic in the world, since one of the areas of activity that has been significantly affected is the football industry. Many clubs, including Russian ones, were forced to cut players’ and employees’ salaries, which was associated with a huge loss of income; and this obviously reflected on the transfer activity as well as the activity in the 2020 summer transfer window. Therefore, the need to pay even more attention to the topic of risks when making transfers seems obvious. This article is devoted to formulating the concept of transfer risk and creating a classification of transfer risks and transfer market participants, as well as their characteristics in terms of attitudes towards the risks arising from the transition of a professional footballer from one club to another in relation to the Russian professional football club. The article proposes a classification of transfer risks and transfer market participants from the point of view of their attitude to risks, which makes it possible to assess the degree of probability and the type of possible transfer risks to improve the efficiency of the transfer activities of a professional Russian football club. The article concludes that the most dangerous from the point of view of transfer risk due to incorrect decision-making and assessment of the situation are the actions of the representative of the buying club and the body that makes the final decision on the transfer; the least risky are the actions of the scout department and the intermediary agent. The article also introduces the concept of a player’s full transfer value, which is associated with a tendency for the difference between the market and transfer values of players to increase.

scholarly journals HYPERMNESIA EUPHORIA OR ANY OTHER DESIRABLE FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE CONSUMER, A PSYCHOTROPIC EFFECT - FIRST AND LEADING ELEMENT IN THE OCCURRENCE AND PRESERVATION OF THE BODY’S DEPENDENCE ON PSYCHOACTIVE FACTORS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
D G Baitubayev ◽  
M D Baitubayeva
Keyword(s):  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Vegetative Nervous System ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Psychotropic Effect

The work shows the role of the vegetative nervous system (VNS) in the functioning of long-term memory, identity mechanisms of long-term memory in the human evolutionary adaptation and substance dependence. It is shown that, depending on the substance of the body are states like pro- gressive adaptation, that the bodycondition, depending on the chemical and psychogenic psychoactive- factors state of the same circle. It proposed the creation of a branch of medicine that combines study of the dependence of the organism, both on the chemical and psychoactive psychogenic factors. Given the classification of psychoactive factors.Onomastics formulated definitions of terminology changes and additions to be used in a new branch of medicine. Proposed allocation of the International Classifica- tion of diseases separate chapter for the classification of states like progressive adaptation of the body depending on psychoactive factors.

scholarly journals Positive Externalities from Professional Football Clubs in the Metropolitan Rhine-Ruhr, Germany: Trickle-Down Effects Associated with Promotion and Relegation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8638
Author(s):  
Hyunwoong Pyun ◽  
Jeeyoon Kim ◽  
Torsten Schlesinger ◽  
Luca Matto
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Football Club ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
Football Clubs ◽  
Club Membership ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trickle Down

Hosting sport events is costly, but the positive impact of hosting sport events has not been studied well. We consider the promotion of physical activity, known as the trickle-down effect, to be a new dimension of this kind of impact. Using exogenous variations in promotion and relegation in the Bundesliga 1, we test the effect of the presence of a Bundesliga 1 club on local non-profit football club membership. Using German city-level annual non-profit sport club membership data from the metropolitan Rhine-Ruhr, we group cities with experience of either promotion or relegation as treatment cities and other cities as the comparison group. Difference-in-difference analyses show that promotion (using a strict definition of promotion) of local professional football clubs increases non-profit football club membership by 14% while relegation does not affect membership. The presence of Bundesliga 1 clubs in a city increases non-profit football club membership by 11%. Falsification tests support the idea that the impact of promotion on membership results in a net increase in membership.

Der strībhedavarana-khaa in der Padumāvatī des Malik Muammad Jāyasī

1975 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-221
Author(s):  
Dieter B. Kapp
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
General Introduction ◽  
Sanskrit Literature ◽  
Literary Source ◽  
Erotic Literature ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Individual Interpretation

AbstractThe present article is concerned with “the chapter of the description of the [four] categories of women”, the strībhedavarana-khaa, which comprises the stanzas 463–467 of the great romantic poem Padumāvatī. It was composed ca. 1540 A.D. by the Muslim poet Malik Muammad Jāyasī, the most significant representative of the ūfī poets of Oudh, in Old Avadhi, the language of his native country.This study opens with a general introduction about the author and his chef-d'œuvre, which also gives the contents of the epic. The subject dealt with here is introduced by a short synopsis on the tradition of the description of the four categories of women, i.e. padminī, citriī, śakhinī, and hastinī, in Sanskrit erotic literature. Text and translation of the strībhedavarana-khaa, together with exhaustive notes, form the greater part of this article. The notes which appear after the translation of each verse, aim mainly at comparing Jāyasī's conception of the four categories of women with those held by authors of Sanskrit texts on this subject. For purpose of comparison, more than ten Sanskrit texts, beginning with Kokkoka's Ratirahasya, which was composed before 1200 A.D., have been cited. Besides, various quotations both from Sanskrit literature and from Arabic narrative literature have been given as illustrative examples, particularly in those cases, where no parallels for specific details in Jāyasī's description could be found in the Sanskrit texts referred to.The comparison of Jāyasī's conception of the four categories of women with those held by Kokkoka and his epigones, points to the conclusion that probably Jāyasī has not used any definite literary source for writing this particular chapter, but rather has relied upon possibly wide-spread popular traditions of this system of classification of women.Two conspicuous peculiarities in Jāyasī's very detailed description which are worthy of special note, have been discussed at the conclusion of the introductory remarks. The first is the “confusion” of the termini sakhinī and sighinī, that has been imputed to the poet by several editors of his œuvre; from my point of view, however, this “confusion” was fully intended by the author. The second peculiarity is Jāyasī's apparently individual interpretation of the so-called “sixteen śgāras”, i.e. “methods of decoration of the body”, which combined with the “twelve ābharaas”, i.e. “ornaments”, are generally known as the complete ornamentation of woman. According to Jāyasī, the “sixteen śgāras” are the “sixteen physical refinements”, divided into four groups: (1) four parts of the body (in the widest sense of the word) having “longness”, i.e. hair, fingers, eyes, neck, (2) four having “shortness”, i.e. teeth, breasts, forehead, navel, (3) four having “broadness”, i.e. cheeks, buttocks, arms, calves, and (4) four having “slenderness”, i.e. nose, waist, belly, lips.

scholarly journals АНТРОПОМЕТРИЧНІ ТИПОЛОГІЇ СПОЖИВАЧІВ В ДИЗАЙНІ СУЧАСНОГО ОДЯГУ

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Є. О. Головчанська
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Visual Illusions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Women's Clothing ◽  
Industrial Manufacture ◽  
Female Figures ◽  
Methods Analytical

Explore the existing anthropometric classifications of women's figures from the point of view of the clothes’ design for industrial production. To reveal the methodological significance of anthropometric classifications of consumer figures in the development of structural construction and content of clothing collections of industrial production. For the purpose of structuring consumer typology as the basis for designing industrial production clothing were used following methods: analytical-typological, comparative-typological, comparative-historical and comparative methods. In the article are analyzed the existing anthropometric typologies of female figures in the context of generally accepted sewing industry classifications, as well as modern trends in the creation of harmonic images with using visual illusions. Also in the article are determined the basic types of women’s body forms, which are the most frequently meet. Accordingly, it is advisable to take into account these types of figures in the design of women's clothing of industrial manufacture. The scientific novelty consists in systematizing modern typologies of the body shape of women for the design of clothing with their subsequent use in the process of designing an industrial collection of modern women's clothing. The systematized information is given about the classification of the modern typology of female figures for the design of assortment collections of promising women's clothing. The presented researches reveal ways of development and active use of methods of visual illusions for the development of women's clothing of industrial production.

OPERATIONS OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN THE SECURITIES MARKET: PROBLEMS AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
D. A. RABADANOVA ◽  
◽  
Z. M. KHASBULATOVA ◽  
A. I. GAZANOVA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Securities Market ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Professional Market

The article analyzes the current position of commercial banks of the Russian Federation on the securities market. The main analysis tool is the use of a method for collecting and processing publicly available statistical information. The sources of information were scientific articles by various authors on the research topic, official materials of the Bank of Russia, reporting data of Sberbank of Russia as a specific example when considering the selected topic. The work is relevant due to the need to determine the importance and role of commercial banks in the securities market and identify growth trends. For the work, the activities of banks were considered from the point of view of their participation in the stock market as issuers, investors and participants. According to the results of the study, it was found that the issue of bonds is the main type of issuing activity of the bank as an issuer. As investors, they tend to invest in debt and Central Bank securities with a low degree of risk. This choice ensures the reliability of banks and forms additional sources for the development of the securities market without significantly increasing risks. Analysis of commercial banks as professional market participants revealed a negative trend in the number of participants as stock market participants. The main result of the work carried out is to identify the need to expand the activity of commercial banks in the securities market, which will increase liquidity and financial stability.

scholarly journals Hypermnesia of Euphoria or Any Other Desired, from the Point of View of the Consumer, Psychotropic Effect as the Initial and leading link in the Occurrence and Maintaining the Body’s Dependence on Psychoactive Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Psychotropic Effect ◽  
Type Classification

The work shows the role of the autonomic nervous system in functioning of long-term memory, the identity of functioning of the mechanisms of long-term memory in the evolutionary adaptation of a man and dependence on psychoactive substances. It is shown that the dependences of the body on psychoactive substances are the states of progredient adaptation, that the states of dependence of the organism on psychoactive substances and on psychogenic psychoactive factors are the states of the same type. Classification of psychoactive factors is given. It is proposed to create a new branch of medicine combining study of the body’s dependence both on chemical and psychogenic psychoactive factors. Onomastic definitions to be used in this new branch of medicine are presented.

scholarly journals III. On the structure and development of vascular dentine

1878 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 25-47 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mammalian Teeth

The minute structure and the development of that variety of dentine which is met with in most mammalian teeth, and which goes by the name of hard or unvascular dentine, have been repeatedly and very carefully worked out, and our knowledge of their intimate nature is quite on a par with our knowledge of that of the tissues of other parts of the body. But the intimate structure of those interesting and, from a morphological point of view, important varieties of dentine, known as vaso-dentine and osteo-dentine, is but very imperfectly known; in point of fact, whilst the arrangement of the tubes and channels which permeate their substance has been satisfactorily described by many observers, so far as it can be studied in sections of dried teeth, next to nothing is with any certainty known as to the contents of these channels, nor as to the manner in which they were formed. In this paper I propose to give the results of a series of observations upon the development of vascular dentine, and the relation which it, in its completed condition, bears to the dental pulp; and I hope to be able to place the nomenclature and classification of the varieties of dentine upon a more satisfactory basis, by bringing them into accordance with the facts elicited by a study of development, which at present they are not.

scholarly journals Determinants of organizational performance of football clubs

2017 ◽  
pp. 98-109
Author(s):  
N. A. Osokin
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Performance Measurement System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Football Clubs ◽  
Football Industry

Russian football currently finds itself in a challenging economic situation. In light of the upcoming FIFA World Cup in 2018 all members of the Russian football industry will be under immense pressure. Russian professional football clubs have been struggling to keep with European club management standards. This article aims to evaluate the industry-specific features of organizational performance within the context of professional football clubs. The current performance measurement system within Russian football is based on 5 straightforward licensing criteria, which do not conform with international requirements. During the course of the study the author was able to identify the main factors, which may be used to form a new performance measurement system for Russian professional football clubs.The findings of this paper allow to formulate the main directions of future research in the field of organizational performance of football clubs. The most acclaimed methodologies of foreign researchers attempted to combine both sporting and non-sporting (financial, marketing, etc.) indicators. The main theoretical findings may be used to modernize the current licensing system within Russian professional football. This article attempted to systemize the body of literature on organizational performance of sports organizations and football clubs by both Russian and foreign scholars. The conclusions of this study help broaden the understanding that in the current economic realities the ability to win competitions may not be regarded as the sole purpose of professional football clubs. Football clubs must strive to simultaneously achieve success on and off the pitch.

scholarly journals Assessment of the body composition of football players based on anthropometry and bioimpedansometry data and a comparison of two registration methods

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
K. V. Vybornaya ◽  
A. N. Timonin ◽  
M. M. Semenov ◽  
S. V. Lavrinenko ◽  
R. M. Radzhabkadiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Football Club ◽  
Data Registration

Objective: comparative analysis of body composition indicators obtained by two methods of data registration — anthropometry and bioimpedance measurement, and analysis of the distribution of subcutaneous fat on the body of football players in accordance with the playing role.Materials and methods: аnthropometric measurements and bioimpedance studies of body composition were carried out in 24 football players of the Moscow football club of the second division professional football league. The average age of the athletes was 24.16 ± 0.87 years.Results: the survey involved 24 football players of the Moscow football club of the professional football league of the second division. The average age of the players was 24.16 ± 0.87 years. When determining the composition of the body using two methods, it was found that the calculation method and the bioimpedance method give different results. On average, the calculation method shows higher indicators of body fat mass (%FBM = 18.9 ± 1.04) than the bioimpedance method (%FBM = 14.7 ± 0.76), the differences are significant (p < 0.05). Moreover, differences in muscle mass are insignificant — in terms of BIA %SMM = 47.06 ± 0.59, according to the calculation method %SMM = 47.0 ± 0.63 (the differences are unreliable, p > 0.05). There were no differences in the component composition of the body of football players depending on the game role. The topography of subcutaneous fat on the body of athletes-football players has certain patterns, but does not depend on the playing role of athletes.Conclusion: the analysis revealed differences in the body composition data of football players obtained using two registration methods. The data of the study can serve as model criteria for body composition and the distribution of subcutaneous fat on the body of athletes for selection in football activities and for comparative characterization and discussion of the results of similar studies.

scholarly journals Community perceptions of a CSR programme: A case study of a professional football club

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeon E.H. Davies ◽  
Talent Moyo
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Professional Sport ◽  
Community Perceptions ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Football Club ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Football Clubs ◽  
Corporate Social

Professional sport organisations, especially football clubs have been historically characterised by committed and loyal support from local communities an example of such a relationship can be traced to 1888, when the leading Scottish club Celtic FC implemented a unique governance system that included allowing their fans to have a say in the running of the organisation (Carr, Findlay, Hamil, Hill and Morrow, 2000); such an accommodation could be viewed as an early example of a corporate social responsibility initiative at a professional football club. It is therefore not surprising that many present day professional football clubs are increasingly integrating Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as part of their overall business and operational strategy in order to facilitate sustainable success in a competitive and often volatile environment. However, little if any research has been conducted in an African context regarding CSR programmes and professional sport organisations. In response to this shortcoming the aim of this research was to conduct a case study of community perceptions of the CSR programme at Ajax Cape Town Football Club who play in the Professional Soccer League (PSL). This study employed a mixed methods design in order to generate both quantitative and qualitative data for a nuanced and relevant data analysis. It should be noted that a number of established high profile European football clubs have recognised the importance CSR, for example Barcelona FC whose exemplary CSR structure has been beneficial to the club, as well as their immediate community (Hamil, Walters and Watson, 2010). Furthermore, it has been previously reported that research can facilitate a better understanding of how and if sport organisations can maximise their organisational performance from their CSR and furthermore also show the social and economic benefits of sport (Moyo and Davies, 2015).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document