scholarly journals Koráliky z germánskej rezidencie v Cíferi-Páci (juhozápadné Slovensko) / Beads from the Germanic residence at Cífer-Pác (southwest Slovakia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-101
Author(s):  
Vladimír Varsik ◽  
◽  
Ľudmila Illášová ◽  
Ján Štubňa ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Glass Beads ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Materials Used

When compared with contemporary Germanic settlements, the assemblage of beads from the late antique elite residence at Cífer-Pác (Trnava district) is exceptional not only in the number of individual specimens but also in the variability of forms and materials used. Apart from usual types of glass beads, the assemblage also comprised specimens made from rare materials (marble, carnelian) and materials that appear exotic in the barbarian territory north of the Danube (sea coral, jade). They were identified with the help of natural scientific analyses and gemological methods (Raman spectroscopy). Absorption spectroscopy was used to analyse elements that influence the final glass colour.

scholarly journals Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy With Electrodeposited Copper Ultramicro-Wires With/Without Silver Nanostars Decoration

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 518
Author(s):  
Margherita Longoni ◽  
Maria Sole Zalaffi ◽  
Lavinia de Ferri ◽  
Angela Maria Stortini ◽  
Giulio Pojana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Anodized Aluminum ◽  
Anodized Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Electrochemical Preparation ◽  
Deposition Parameters ◽  
Raman Enhancement ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Materials Used

The electrochemical preparation of arrays of copper ultramicrowires (CuUWs) by using porous membranes as templates is critically revisited, with the goal of obtaining cheap but efficient substrates for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The role of the materials used for the electrodeposition is examined, comparing membranes of anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) vs. track-etched polycarbonate (PC) as well as copper vs. glassy carbon (GC) as electrode material. A voltammetric study performed on bare electrodes and potentiostatic tests on membrane coated electrodes allowed the optimization of the deposition parameters. The final arrays of CuUWs were obtained by chemical etching of the template, with NaOH for AAO and CH2Cl2 for PC. After total etching of the template, SERS spectra were recorded on CuUWs using benzenethiol as SERS probe with known spectral features. The CuUW substrates displayed good SERS properties, providing enhancement factor in the 103–104 range. Finally, it was demonstrated that higher Raman enhancement can be achieved when CuUWs are decorated with silver nanostars, supporting the formation of SERS active hot-spots at the bimetallic interface.

Early Makuria Research Project. Royal ornaments of the Late Antique African kingdom, Early Makuria, Nubia (AD 450–550)

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 687-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Then-Obłuska
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
South India ◽  
Glass Beads ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Marine Mollusk ◽  
Metal Sheets ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Mollusk Shell

After the fall of the Meroe kingdom, three entities – Nobadia, Early Makuria, and Alwa (Alodia) – emerged in northeast Africa between the 4th and the 6th centuries AD. Richly furnished elite cemeteries with tombs of the Nobadian kings are known from Qustul and Ballaña in Lower Nubia (Emery and Kirwan 1938), but until now no royal tombs of Early Makuria have been identified. A comparative analysis of some recently excavated adornments and ornaments from the tumulus cemetery of el-Zuma in Upper Nubia have now enabled the Early Makuria royal tombs (AD 450–550) to be placed there. The assemblages from three large tumuli are dominated by personal adornments (beads, pendants, earrings, chains, crosses, and a ring), royal regalia (cabochons and settings), and other decorated items (metal sheets, an intarsia and ivory gaming pieces). Apart from beads of various materials, like marine mollusk shell, ostrich eggshell, faience and stone, which were made probably in local workshops, the remaining items were imports from the Mediterranean and Sri Lanka/South India (glass beads in the latter case). Moreover, many of the decorated objects and the techniques used to make them find parallels in the elite Nobadian cemeteries of Qustul and Ballaña, hinting at the royal origin of some of the Early Makuria tomb owners at el-Zuma. These parallels induce the thought that there was a single workshop in late antique Nubia producing artifacts for the elite.

Quasi-Freestanding Graphene on SiC(0001)

2010 ◽  
Vol 645-648 ◽  
pp. 629-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Speck ◽  
Markus Ostler ◽  
Jonas Röhrl ◽  
Johannes Jobst ◽  
Daniel Waldmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Hall Effect ◽  
Carrier Concentration ◽  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Infrared Absorption ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Hall Effect Measurements ◽  
Comprehensive Study

We report on a comprehensive study of the properties of quasi-freestanding monolayer and bilayer graphene produced by conversion of the (6√3×6√3)R30° reconstruction into graphene via intercalation of hydrogen. The conversion is confirmed by photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. By using infrared absorption spectroscopy we show that the underlying SiC(0001) surface is terminated by hydrogen in the form of Si-H bonds. Using Hall effect measurements we have determined the carrier concentration and type as well as the mobility which lies well above 1000 cm2/Vs despite a significant amount of short range scatterers detected by Raman spectroscopy.

scholarly journals Fluorescence Lifetime Phasor Analysis and Raman Spectroscopy of Pigmented Organic Binders and Coatings Used in Artworks

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Alice Dal Fovo ◽  
Sara Mattana ◽  
Antonina Chaban ◽  
Diego Quintero Balbas ◽  
João Luis Lagarto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fluorescence Lifetime ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
Natural Resin ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Dispersing Medium ◽  
Phasor Analysis

Fluorescence analysis of materials used as binders and coatings in artworks is often hampered by numerous factors, leading to uncertainties in data interpretation. Fluorescence lifetime (FL) measurements enable improvement of the specificity with respect to steady-state measurements by resolving the decay dynamics of the fluorophore emissions. In this work, layers of natural resin, oil, and wax—in pure form, pigmented, in mixtures, and spread on different substrates—were analyzed using a compact, portable, fiber-based FL instrument. FL data were processed via the phasor method and integrated with Raman spectroscopy to obtain complementary chemical information on the different substances. It was observed that the τ-phase of the mixtures is affected by both the pigments and the dispersing medium, and that the presence of the metal substrate contributes to changes in the FL of mixtures. The results obtained with our portable FL system combined with Raman spectroscopy pave the way for a systematic study of a larger number of materials for future in situ applications on works of art.

scholarly journals Spectroscopic investigation of two Serbian icons painted on canvas

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Damjanovic ◽  
Olgica Marjanovic ◽  
Milica Maric-Stojanovic ◽  
Velibor Andric ◽  
Ubavka Mioc
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Lead White ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Micro Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Green Earth ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Different Parts

Multianalytical study of two Serbian icons, ?The Virgin and Child? and ?St. Petka?, painted on canvas by unknown authors was performed in order to identify materials used as pigments, binders and ground layer. Investigated icons belong to the Museum of the Serbian Orthodox Church in Belgrade. Samples, collected from different parts of the icons, were analysed by: optical microscopy (OM), energy dispersive X-Ray fluorescence (EDXRF), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and micro-Raman spectroscopy. Obtained results reveal presence of the following pigments: Prussian blue, ultramarine, green earth, iron oxides, lead white and zinc white. Linseed oil was used as a binder. Materials used for ground layers were gypsum, calcite, baryte and lead white. Gilded surface of the icon ?The Virgin and Child? was made of gold. Gilded surface on the frame of this icon was made of imitation of gold i.e. Schlagmetal, since EDXRF spectroscopy showed presence of copper and zinc, while gold was not detected. Based on style and art historian consideration as well as on obtained results for corresponding pigments and binder both icons were the most probably made at the end of 19th or beginning of the 20th century.

scholarly journals Shedding New Light on Ancient Glass Beads by Synchrotron, SEM-EDS, and Raman Spectroscopy Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seriwat Saminpanya ◽  
Chatree Saiyasombat ◽  
Nirawat Thammajak ◽  
Chanakarn Samrong ◽  
Sirilak Footrakul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Glass Beads ◽  
Heavy Elements ◽  
Oxidation States ◽  
The West ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ancient Glass ◽  
The Silk Road

Abstract The oxidation states of colouring elements and the pigments in ancient rare glasses have been investigated in this study. Synchrotron X-ray, SEM-EDS, and Raman techniques revealed that Cu2+plays a major role in blue and green glasses. The lead stannate pigment gives glasses a yellow colour. Copper and lead stannate can cause the green colour in glasses, and iron gives rise to the colour of black glasses. Microcomputed tomography reveals the distribution of the heavy elements, pigments, and inclusions in the glasses. The Dvaravati glasses in Southeast Asia may have been imported or technologically transferred to domestic manufacturers during trading on the Silk Road that connected the East and the West.

Study of polycrystalline boron-doped diamond films by Raman spectroscopy and optical absorption spectroscopy

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 1471-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Krivchenko ◽  
D. V. Lopaev ◽  
P. V. Minakov ◽  
V. G. Pirogov ◽  
A. T. Rakhimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Absorption ◽  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Diamond Films ◽  
Optical Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Boron Doped Diamond ◽  
Boron Doped

scholarly journals Effect of Glass-Beads on Sound Insulation Properties of Nonwoven Fabrics

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 155892501200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mevlut Tascan ◽  
Katharine Lyon Gaffney
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Total Surface Area ◽  
Glass Beads ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Insulation Property ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Materials Used

Nonwovens are very important sound absorption materials used by the automotive and building industries. One of the most important fabric parameters that affect the sound insulation and absorption properties is the surface area. Higher surface area is often achieved by using low-diameter fibers in the insulation material. This research was done to prove that neither the thickness nor the weight of the material is as important as the total surface area of the fabric. Glass beads with 0.1mm, 0.5mm and 2.5mm sizes, which do not contribute considerably to the total surface area of the fabric, were imbedded into cross-lapped and needlepunched nonwoven structures. These beads were added in weight percentages of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% and 200%. Sound insulation of glass bead imbedded nonwoven fabrics was tested using Clemson Boston Sound Insulation Tester. It was found that the micro-glass beads did not have a large impact on the sound insulation, as they do not contribute to the surface area of the nonwoven fabric. The samples with 0.1mm beads performed slightly better than samples with larger beads but not enough to make a significant difference. Since surface area is the major parameter that affects sound insulation, simply increasing the weight does not affect the sound insulation property of the material.

The Reliquary Bust of Saint Lambert from the Liège Cathedral, Belgium: Gemstones and Glass Beads Analysis by pXRF and Raman Spectroscopy

Archaeometry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-313
Author(s):  
Y. Bruni ◽  
F. Hatert ◽  
P. George ◽  
D. Strivay
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Glass Beads
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