scholarly journals Food value of some populations of Algerian annual alfalfa

2020 ◽  
Vol 43.2 ◽  
pp. 7428-7440
Author(s):  
F Alane ◽  
R Chabaca ◽  
A Abdelguerfi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Agricultural Area ◽  
Positive Sign ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽  
Rotation System ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Area Use ◽  
Food Value

Fodder grown in Algeria occupies 20% of the total UAA (agricultural area use) of the country. They are dominated by so-called "dry" fodder. The conversion of northern fallow land and steppe to self-regenerating legumes in an annual Cereal / Medicago rotation system may increase it. At the early flowering stage, the results indicate that the mineral content of the annual alfalfa is consistent; it varies from 9 to 14% of the DM (Dry matter). The species M. truncatula (Tr238) has the highest value (18%), which decreases the organic matter content. The nitrogen content is high with a maximum of 29% M ciliaris(S5) and a minimum of 20% M. intertexta (I107): the M. ciliaris species is the best provided in MAT (total nitrogenous matter) with an average of 27% against M. intertexta: 23 %. The highest NDF (neutral detergent fibre) content, 46% of the MS (dry matter) is recruited among M. intertexta (I253) quite logically, ADF (acid detergent fibre) and ADL (lignin) follow with 21 and 9% as respective maximas for all populations. However, on average, the ADL content is only 5% with a minimum of 2.6% for C2 M. ciliaris. It is interesting to note, the positive sign of the correlation between factors N. of Rods / m² and ADF: the amount of DM (thus indirectly lignin) increases in parallel with the age of the plant, as NDF and ADF. Considered first by test, the recorded digestibility values are equal to or greater than 70%: 75; 73; 74; 79 (respectively for tests 1 to 4) and on average, 75%. The average digestibility per species is 77; 73 and 75% for M ciliaris, M truncatula and M intertexta. Variations between populations and species are low: 3.4 and 3.1% respectively. The 20 or so populations of local annual alfalfa studied showed a great genetic variability of the studied parameters, which constitutes an important genetic capital in which the breeder could draw at leisure. Abbreviations: MAT, total nitrogenous matter ;ADF, acid detergent fibre; DM, dry matter; UAA, agricultural area use,; NDF, neutral detergent fibre ; N. of Rods / m² ,Number of Rods / m².

scholarly journals Sorption of Clomazone in Brazilian Soils with Different Physical and Chemical Attributes1

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A.M. PEREIRA ◽  
L.H. BARCELLOS JR. ◽  
V.A. GONÇALVES ◽  
D.V. SILVA ◽  
A.T. FARIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Abstract Knowledge ◽  
Analysis Of Similarity ◽  
Brazilian Soils ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Different Soils

ABSTRACT Knowledge of herbicides sorption by colloids predicts its movement in the soil profile and its effectiveness in controlling weeds and crops poisoning when directly applied to the soil. This knowledge becomes even more important for herbicides which have long persistence in the soil. In this research, clomazone sorption was estimated by the biological method in Brazilian soil samples with different physical and chemical characteristics, cultivated with sugarcane crops. As an indicator of the presence of clomazone in the soil, Sorghum bicolor was used. The data relating to assessments of poisoning and accumulation of dry matter of the plants were subjected to multivariate analysis of similarity among variables. After that, clomazone doses that caused 50% of intoxication in sorghum plants grown (C50) as well as sorption ratio (SR) of the herbicide in different soil types were estimated. There was similarity greater than 80% for data regarding the percentage of intoxication and accumulated dry matter, with the option to use only those related to the first variable. RS and C50 were higher in Organosol and lower in red-yellow Latosol with and without changing the pH. It was concluded that the clomazone dose to be recommended must be differentiated for different soils, since the value of clomazone sorption in the soil is dependent on its attributes, and the organic matter content is of the utmost importance.

scholarly journals Kajian Mutu dan Palatibilitas Silase dan Hay Ransum Komplit Berbasis Sampah Organik Primer pada Kambing Peranakan Etawah

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusmadi Yusmadi ◽  
Nahrowi Nahrowi ◽  
Muhammad Ridla
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Microbial Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Measuring Ph

The quality and palatibility of silage and hay complete ration based on organic primer garbage in peranakan etawah (PE) poadABSTRACT. This research was conducted to study the quality and palatability of silage and hay complete ration based on organic primer garbage in nine heads of Peranakan Etawah (PE) Goat. The quality of silage and hay was evaluated By measuring pH, total number of lactic acid Bacteria (LAB), palatability, dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) aroma and color of silage. Nine heads of peranakan etawah were grouped based on their lactation periode and randomly assigned to one of tree dietary treatments. The treatments were (1) Control rations; (2) silage complete ration (SRK); and (3) Hay complete ration (HRK). The results indicated that the silage had PH 4.15 and total number of LAB was 2.4 x 10 cfu/g of silage. Dry matter and organic matter digestibility of SRK were better than those of HRK. The palatability of SRK was higher than HRK but less than control. Storage of SRK for did not change dry matter and organic matter content. Organoleptic analysis indicated that texture and color of HRK were changed at after storage, while SRK was still constant. It is concluded that silage composed of organic primer garbage has high quality in terms of physical, chemical and microbial characteristics, prolong storage.

scholarly journals Microbiological quality of silage made from by-products of cassava starch extraction and viticulture

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-415
Author(s):  
C.R. Schneider ◽  
M.A. Zambom ◽  
D. Galhardo ◽  
A. Faccenda ◽  
A.S. Avila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Storage Times ◽  
By Products

This study evaluated silages made with varying proportions of viticulture by-products (VC) and starch extraction from cassava (CSE). It attempted to determine the effects of these proportions on the microbial population, fermentative losses, and chemical composition. The treatments were specified as the proportions of VC in the silage (0 g/kg, 250 g/kg, 500 g/kg, 750 g/kg, and 1000 g/kg). Silages were  evaluated before (0) and after 1, 3, 7, 15, 30, and 60 days of ensiling. The experimental design was completely randomized with five  treatments, six storage times and four replications. The increased level of VC in the silage enhanced its dry matter content, ammonia  nitrogen (NH3-N), and buffering capacity, and reduced organic matter content. Fifteen days after ensiling, additional VC increased the concentration of soluble carbohydrates. The increased level of VC decreased the count of Clostridium spp. and lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The incidence of yeasts and enterobacteria was low in all treatments at all time points. Over time, losses as effluent and gases increased. Use of increasing proportions from VC in silage made with CSE increased the contents of dry matter and soluble carbohydrates and  reduced the fermentative losses of the silage. The increased amount of VC also favoured pH reduction and reduced the proliferation of undesirable yeasts, while increasing the population of LAB.

The value of a poultry litter and wheat mixture in the drought feeding of weaner sheep

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (33) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
P McInnes ◽  
PJ Austin ◽  
DL Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Litter Mixture ◽  
The Mean

At the end of 23 weeks the mean daily dry matter intake of Merino weaners was 190 g of poultry litter and 235 g of wheat. The mean weekly body weight gain, 210 g per sheep, was not significantly different to weaners that consumed a mean daily dry matter intake of 365 g of wheat grain and gained 180 g weekly. The mean digestible organic matter content of wheat and poultry litter were calculated to be 88 and 31 per cent respectively. Weaners fed wheat only were not supplemented with limestone (1.5 per cent) for 13 weeks by which time two of the eight weaners had serum calcium levels below 8 mg per 100 ml. One of these weaners had gained weight, the other had lost weight and died three weeks after limestone supplementation. The addition of limestone did not increase the mean serum calcium levels significantly, but at the end of the trial all weaners had levels above 8 mg per 100 ml. ' Serum glutamate oxalacetate transaminase and bilirubin concentrations were higher for weaners fed wheat-litter mixture, but below levels normally associated with liver dysfunction. Reasons for caution in the use of poultry litter in the manufacture of commercial feedstuffs for ruminants are discussed.

Liveweights and ration digestibilities for steers fed oat or wheat rations at near maintenance level

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (107) ◽  
pp. 674 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Hamilton ◽  
JJL Maden
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Better Than

Steers of 252 kg initial mean liveweight were fed 0.44 kg of hay dry matter (DM)/head day-1 plus five rates of whole oats, crushed wheat or whole wheat, with the crushed wheat rations providing 0.7 to 1.3 times the estimated energy for maintenance. All-grain rations at these energy levels had been attempted, but resulted in digestive upset, and were abandoned. The results obtained, listed in the order of the above grains, were : 1 ) grain in ration to maintain liveweight: 1.31, 1.41 and 1.85 kg DMIhead day-1 ; 2) additional grain for each 10 kg improvement in liveweight over I2 weeks: 434,466 and 61 3 g DMIhead day-1 ; 3) mean digestible organic matter content (DOM) of rations, tested at the highest and lowest rates of grain : 69.4, 84.5 and 68.3%. The DOM of the oat rations declined by 8.1 units from the lowest to highest rate of grain. The relative liveweight change on oats could not be explained by the DOMs. Nevertheless, the results suggest, for similar conditions to those applying in our experiment, that: 1) whole oats may be at least as good a feed as crushed wheat, and both will be much better than whole wheat; 2) the feed requirement for maintenance may be about 20% less than standard recommendations; 3) even a little hay in the ration, compared with grain only, may greatly reduce the likelihood of digestive upset

High-moisture alfalfa hay conserved with a mixture of Pediococcus pentosaceus and chitinase has a similar feed value to that conserved at optimal moisture

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-384
Author(s):  
L. Jin ◽  
E. Chevaux ◽  
T. McAllister ◽  
J. Baah ◽  
P. Drouin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Pediococcus Pentosaceus ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽  
Nutrient Digestion ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Feed Value

Two separate experiments were conducted to compare the nutrient digestion and growth performance of beef cattle fed diets containing up to 77% of two conserved alfalfa hays. The two alfalfa hays were baled either at the optimum moisture (8.6%) or at a higher-than optimum moisture (21.4%) with application of a mixture of Pediococcus pentosaceus and chitinase at baling. Digestibility of dry matter, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, rumen parameters, and growth performance were similar (P ≥ 0.16) for cattle fed either diet. A combination of P. pentosaceus and chitinase has the potential to preserve high-moisture alfalfa hay.

A SURVEY OF COMPOSITION AND HEAT DAMAGE IN DEHYDRATED ALFALFA PRODUCTS OVER THE GROWING SEASON FROM TWO B.C. PROCESSING PLANTS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. SHELFORD ◽  
E. B. CATHCART ◽  
R. T. FRANCE ◽  
J. L. DOBB
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Heat Damage ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Main Factor

Samples of forages were collected throughout the growing season from two dehydrating plants at three different stages of processing: prior to drying, after drying and after pelleting. Samples were analyzed for dry matter, crude protein, fibre, nitrogen content of the acid detergent fibre and pepsin insoluble nitrogen. On the average the amount of heat damage present in the dehydrated samples was quite low (6.11 ADIN % N). There was significantly more heat damage in the samples from the Creston plant. The dry matter content of the material leaving the drier appears to be the main factor related to elevated heat damage.

Evaluation of internal and external markers to estimate faecal output and feed intake in sheep fed fresh forage

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 741 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Mioto da Costa ◽  
L. C. V. Ítavo ◽  
C. C. B. Ferreira Ítavo ◽  
A. M. Dias ◽  
H. V. Petit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Faecal Output ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Internal Markers

The objectives of the present study were to estimate dry-matter intake and output of faeces using two external and four internal markers in sheep fed Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu on an ad libitum basis over 3- and 5-day periods. Six sheep fitted with ruminal cannulas were randomly assigned in a crossover design experiment to receive either of two treatments of external markers, namely titanium dioxide (TiO2) and chromic oxide (Cr2O3). Faecal output was obtained by total faecal collection and faecal grab sampling. Faeces were collected for 3- or 5-day periods, and, for each collection period, two sampling methods were compared; grab samples were collected directly in the rectum once daily, and a second sample was taken at the same time directly in faecal collection bags after having determined the daily total output of faeces. Faecal concentrations of the internal markers, indigestible dry matter, indigestible neutral detergent fibre, indigestible acid detergent fibre and indigestible acid detergent lignin (iADL), were determined. Faecal output was not accurately predicted with indigestible dry matter, indigestible neutral detergent fibre, indigestible acid detergent fibre and iADL. Dry-matter intake was predicted with iADL and TiO2 when faeces were collected for 5 days as grab samples once daily, or as total collection and with Cr2O3 when faecal grab samples were collected for 5 days. The results using external markers indicated that TiO2 is not a marker equivalent to Cr2O3 for estimating intake and faecal output. TiO2 was the only external marker to accurately estimate faecal output, independent of the method (total or grab) and time period (3 or 5 days) used; this suggests that TiO2 is the best marker tested for predicting the faecal output of sheep that are fed a diet of fresh Brachiaria brizantha (cv. Marandu) grass ad libitum.

Effect of dry matter content at baling on change in forage constituents during the storage of alfalfa hay

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-605
Author(s):  
M. Undi ◽  
K. M. Wittenberg
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Nutrient Losses ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Pole Structure ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of DM content at baling on the pattern of forage constituent change and on DM and nutrient losses during storage. Alfalfa forage, baled at 64.1–66.2, 71.9–73.2 and 75.4–77.4% DM, was designated Low, Medium, and High DM treatments, respectively. Hay generated from each treatment was stored in a pole structure as two 74-bale stacks per treatment, using a bale wagon. Core samples were collected from bales on days 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, and 60 of storage. Bale temperature was monitored for eight bales per treatment daily for the first 35 d of storage and then on days 45, 50, and 60. Peak storage temperature reached was influenced (P < 0.05) by forage DM at baling; the highest peak temperature being associated with Low DM hay. DM losses also were higher (P < 0.05) in Low DM hay relative to either Medium or High DM hays, averaging 10.1, 4.5, and 3.0%, respectively. Dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), acid detergent insoluble nitrogen (ADIN), and glucosamine contents increased in all forage treatments during storage; the extent of increase was more (P < 0.05) in Low DM hay than in High DM hay. Cellulose, lignin and crude protein (CP) concentrations followed a similar pattern during storage for hay baled and stored at the three DM contents. Soluble carbohydrate content loss was higher (P < 0.05) in Low DM hay relative to High DM hay. Forage DM content at baling will influence stack temperatures and extent of nutrient change during storage. Most changes m constituents of low DM hay occurred within the first 14 d of storage, a period within which peak temperatures were recorded in all forages. The study also showed that alfalfa forage can be stored at a DM content of 76% with minimal nutrient change and loss, which is lower than normally recommended. Key words: Alfalfa hay, storage, nutrients, DM contents, temperature

EVALUATION OF TWENTY GRASS POPULATIONS AS IRRIGATED HAY CROPS FOR SOUTHWESTERN SASKATCHEWAN

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 691-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. LAWRENCE ◽  
F. G. WARDER
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
N Content ◽  
P Content

Twenty grass populations were evaluated for dry matter yield, N content, P content, organic matter content, organic matter digestibility and winterhardiness. Of these populations, Agropyron intermedium was most suitable for a hay crop on a well-drained irrigated soil. Agropyron trichophorum, Bromus inermis, and Phalaris arundinacea were lower-yielding alternatives that had a satisfactory N content and good digestibility. Elymus angustus shows promise as an irrigated hay crop and should be evaluated further. The usefulness of the following populations was limited by one or more of these factors: low yield (Y), low N content (N), low digestibility (D) and lack of winterhardiness (W): Dactylis glomerata ’Kay’ (Y,N,D), Dactylis glomerata ’Chinook’ (Y,N,W), Elymus sibiricus (Y), Festuca arundinacea ’Kenmont’ (Y,N,W), Festuca elatior ’Trader’ (Y,N), Phleum pratense (Y,N,D), Poa ampla ’Sherman’ (N,D), Poa bulbosa cv. P4874 (Y,N,D), and Poa pratensis (Y,N,D).

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