scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE STRATEGY OF ENERGY SERVICE MARKET

2017 ◽  
pp. 286-292
Author(s):  
Bohdan Brych
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Service Market ◽  
Current State ◽  
Market Planning ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Scientific Principles ◽  
Energy Service ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Planning Methodology

Introduction. The current state of the energy service market in Ukraine is underdeveloped, which encourages the implementation of certain methods of its development. In order to improve the cost-effective climate in the market there is the use of certain tools that are characterized by appropriate principles and methods. Objective. Determination of the economic potential of the energy efficiency market and the development of a strategy for its development. Method (methodology): During the research, the main methods were: analysis and synthesis, used in assessing the real state of the market; planning methodology used as a set of theoretical conclusions, general patterns, scientific principles of plan development, their justification and description in accordance with modern requirements of the energy service market. Results. The general provisions of the formation of the strategy of the development of energy service have been defined. The expediency of the implementation of such a strategy has been substantiated and the further development of the market has been shown. The obtained research results can be used for further scientific development and assessment of the level of the effectiveness of the strategy.

scholarly journals The cost-effectiveness of the article-processing-charge-funded model across countries in different scientific blocks: the case of Elsevier's hybrid open access journals

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohreh Estakhr ◽  
Hajar Sotudeh ◽  
Javad Abbaspour ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Article Processing Charge ◽  
Publishing Article ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Article Processing Charges ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Citation Advantage

Introduction. The present study investigated the cost-effectiveness of article-processing-charge-funded model across the world countries in terms of its citation value proportional to the article processing charges. Method. Using a comparative citation analysis method at the macro level, it explored a sample of articles in forty-seven Elsevier hybrid open access journals that had been following the model since 2007. Analysis. The contributing countries' open access citation advantages were calculated based on the percentage of their open access citation surplus proportional to that of their non-open access articles. Their relative open access citation cost-effectiveness was obtained based on their open access citation counts proportional to the article processing charges, normalised by those of non-open access papers. The countries were categorised into four scientific blocks using Rand's categorization of countries' scientific development. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data in SPSS. Results. The results supported the citation advantage of the article-processing-charge-funded papers, encompassing the majority of the contributing countries in the four scientific development blocks. The articles showed relative cost-effectiveness over the years and for most countries in all the scientific development blocks. Conclusions. Publishing article-processing-charge-funded papers is relatively cost-effective, implying higher visibility and influence in exchange for the money paid.

Topical Review: Pathways toward cost-effective single-junction III-V solar cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidur Raj ◽  
Tuomas Haggren ◽  
Wei Wen Wong ◽  
Hark Hoe Tan ◽  
Chennupati Jagadish
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Topical Review ◽  
Current State ◽  
Cost Growth ◽  
Subsequent Discussion ◽  
Bandgap Semiconductors ◽  
The Cost

Abstract III-V semiconductors such as InP and GaAs are direct bandgap semiconductors with significantly higher absorption compared to silicon. The high absorption allows for the fabrication of thin/ultra-thin solar cells, which in turn permits for the realization of lightweight, flexible, and highly efficient solar cells that can be used in many applications where rigidity and weight are an issue, such as electric vehicles, the internet of things, space technologies, remote lighting, portable electronics, etc. However, their cost is significantly higher than silicon solar cells, making them restrictive for widespread applications. Nonetheless, they remain pivotal for the continuous development of photovoltaics. Therefore, there has been a continuous worldwide effort to reduce the cost of III-V solar cells substantially. This topical review summarises current research efforts in III-V growth and device fabrication to overcome the cost barriers of III-V solar cells. We start the review with a cost analysis of the current state-of-art III-V solar cells followed by a subsequent discussion on low-cost growth techniques, substrate reuse, and emerging device technologies. We conclude the review emphasizing that to substantially reduce the cost-related challenges of III-V photovoltaics, low-cost growth technologies need to be combined synergistically with new substrate reuse techniques and innovative device designs.

scholarly journals Additive Manufacturing in the Construction Industry: The Comparative Competitiveness of 3D Concrete Printing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3865
Author(s):  
Siavash H. Khajavi ◽  
Müge Tetik ◽  
Ashish Mohite ◽  
Antti Peltokorpi ◽  
Mingyang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Robotic Arm ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The construction industry is facing increasing pressure to improve productivity and decrease its environmental impact. Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, especially three-dimensional concrete printing (3DCP) technology, have provided many benefits for construction. However, holistic comparative studies of the competitiveness of 3DCP and conventional methods, from cost and time perspectives, are lacking. Choosing between the methods is difficult for practitioners. In this study, we investigated the current state of 3DCP in the construction industry using seven distinct scenarios. Our analysis was performed to illustrate the impact of design and supply chain configurations on performance. The results prove the notable competitiveness of 3DCP. In contrast to the conventional construction method, the more complex round design had a positive impact on the cost and process time in 3DCP scenarios. Additionally, we show that on-site 3DCP using a robotic arm was more cost-effective than off-site 3DCP.

HISTORIOGRAPHIC STUDIES FROM REGIONAL AND ORNAMENTAL FEATURES OF EASTER EGGS PAINTING

2019 ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Viktor Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Abstract Art ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Current State ◽  
Applied Art ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
National University ◽  
Scientific Principles ◽  
Long Time ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Easter Eggs

The article deals with the national historiography in which problems of regional-ornamental peculiarities of easter eggs painting are highlighted. The purpose of the proposed research is the analysis of the existing sources related to the historiography of regional ornamental peculiarities of easter eggs painting as a type of decorative and applied art in general. The main task: to find out the current state and degree of study of the problem. The methodological basis is the general scientific principles and methods of research. Among them - problem-chronological, search, analysis and synthesis, generalizations that allowed to explore this issue and identify works that highlight the topics. Symbols of Easter eggs, their ornamentation and semantics have attracted the attention of researchers: F. Vovka. M. Sumtsov, M. Kordubi, K. Sherotsky, V. Scherbakovsky, A. Lyashenko for a long time. Historiographical studies of regional peculiarities of easter eggs and ornamentation of certain historical and ethnographic zones and regions are practically absent. Among the authors we can mention works by V. Tkachenko, N. Bendyuk. Consideration of ethnographic materials from Volyn on the pages of the Canadian edition "Chronicle of Volyn" is devoted to the article by V. Nadolnoy. A. Dmitrenko explores the traditional and everyday culture of this historical and ethnographic region of the second half of the 20th century, including Easter eggs. Regional historiography and sources are covered in works: M. Maslovsky - Zhytomyrshchyna; O. Yanoshchak-Pshibili – Prykarpattya; I. Dmitruk - Hutsulshchyna; O. Kozholyanka – Bukovina; V. Savchuk – Podillya. O. Khalachanska devoted her research to the symbolism of Easter eggs and its possible use in the lessons of linguistics while working with the works that paid attention to the Poltava Pysanka. Recently, many works are published in which ornamentation is explored in its various aspects. In particular, N. Lolina from Kyiv examines the development and features of the geometric ornament used in the Easter eggs. The author of the article about the abstract sign in the geometric ornamentation of the Ukrainian Easter eggs, A. Dubriva analyzes the historical and cultural preconditions of the emergence, formation and development of abstract art. A. Gotsaliuk tries to reveal the sacred role of the eggs as a protective symbol, its development from paganism and to the present, without neglecting the importance of eggs in the Christian religion. Considering the historiography of Easter eggs painting, A. Gotsalyuk notes that M. Sumtsov "first studied Easter eggs as a folk art ritual, having determined the importance and place of Easter eggs in the culture of Ukraine, paying special attention to the semantics of their ornament". In the article O. Poyannyk from the "Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University" features peculiarities of preserving the traditions of Easter eggs painting in the education of children of the Ukrainian Carpathians. Covering the historiography of the problem of ceramic Easter eggs of the XI-XIII centuries. Researcher A. Sushko notes that the greatest attention to such products was paid in the works by T. Makarova and H. Shovkoplyas. Among the researchers of the time of the Independence of Ukraine, who considered ceramic Easter eggs, she gives the names of V. Titiynuk, D. Pozhozhuka, A. Valush and V. Tkachenko. For the newest historiography a significant increase in different publications, articles, monographs, etc. is characteristic. About that not all works have and bear historiographic works of literature on art-study issues, including ornamentation of pysanka paintings, etc. Thus, the study considers the historiographic work of scientists on the study of pysanka painting and its ornamental peculiarities. It is noted that the problem of historiographical sources studies of regional pysanka painting and symbolic-semantic significance of motifs is now one of the least developed in the national historical and ethnological and art-studying science. One can confidently say only a few studies that partly claim to historiographic reviews of the study of Easter eggs of Ukraine.

Geotechnical Assessments for Trenchless Water Crossings in Alberta

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinrich K. Heinz ◽  
Trempess Moore ◽  
Simon Cullum-Kenyon
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Current State ◽  
Field Reconnaissance ◽  
Geotechnical Assessment ◽  
Geotechnical Investigations ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Recent Case Study ◽  
Major River ◽  
The Cost

The use of trenchless methods for pipeline water crossings in the Province of Alberta has grown significantly during the past decade, primarily as a result of increasingly strict water protection regulations. Because the feasibility of using a trenchless method is dependent on subsurface conditions, a geotechnical assessment should be performed during the planning stages. The results of this assessment are used in the selection of the most appropriate crossing method, and to assess the risk of encountering difficulties during construction. A discussion of the current state of practice for geotechnical investigations of trenchless projects in Alberta is initially presented. The importance of a good understanding of the engineering geological framework and associated geological-geotechnical complexities is highlighted. Recommended stages of a geotechnical assessment are described, namely the desk study, the site reconnaissance, and the field exploration, which involves drilling and sampling and geophysical surveys where appropriate. It is described how each stage interacts with, and is dependent on the others. It is noted that because the cost of a field drilling and sampling can be expensive when compared to the construction costs, obtaining as much information as possible during the desk study and field reconnaissance stages is considered to be a cost effective strategy. Drilling and sampling techniques currently used in Alberta are briefly reviewed, including continuous flight and hollow stem augering, wet rotary, and cased down-hole air percussion methods. Emphasis is placed on describing the advantages and limitations of each method. Some of the concepts presented are illustrated through evaluation of a recent case study of a recent major river crossing in Central Alberta.

scholarly journals Cost Effective Strategy to Disseminate IPM Technology: A Case of Banke and Surkhet District of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 272-278
Author(s):  
Arjun Khanal ◽  
Punya Prasad Regmi ◽  
Gopal Bahadur KC ◽  
Dilli Bahadur KC ◽  
Kishor Chandra Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Market Planning ◽  
Transfer Method ◽  
The Cost ◽  
To Receive

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a holistic approach in reducing damage caused by pests without harming the environment. A study on cost effectiveness strategy to disseminate IPM technology was conducted in the Banke and Surkhet districts of Nepal. For assessing the spread of information, farmers were asked a series of questions during the survey to determine knowledge of IPM and degree of IPM adoption. Using descriptive statistics and differences in means, analysis was done on relationships among access to information, IPM knowledge and adoption, and word-of-mouth diffusion of IPM techniques to neighboring farmers. For the evaluation of dissemination methods efficiency and to examine the cost for using the different dissemination methods of IPM technology followed by IPM IL project in Banke and Surkhet district, the cost measurements was focused only on the dissemination methods of IPM technology with a public cost such as mass media, agricultural officers, MPC, collection centre, FFS, CBFs, cooperatives, neighboring farmers, agro-vets and field days. When the number of farmers needing to receive training for one farmer to adopt IPM practices is known, and then that value can be multiplied by the cost per farmer trained which allows in providing the cost per farmer adopting the technology by transfer method. Capacity building in IPM technology development and dissemination in the study area was I/NGOs working in that area. Market Planning Committee of Banke and Surkhet district has played a vital role in disseminating IPM technology in cost effective and efficiently. Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 8, Issue-1: 272-276

The IBM-PC in electron microscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 612-613
Author(s):  
James F. Mancuso
Keyword(s):  
Head Start ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Financial Applications ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Instrument Control ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Training And Support ◽  
Control Image ◽  
Ibm Pc

IBM PC compatible computers are widely used in microscopy for applications ranging from control to image acquisition and analysis. The choice of IBM-PC based systems over competing computer platforms can be based on technical merit alone or on a number of factors relating to economics, availability of peripherals, management dictum, or simple personal preference.IBM-PC got a strong “head start” by first dominating clerical, document processing and financial applications. The use of these computers spilled into the laboratory where the DOS based IBM-PC replaced mini-computers. Compared to minicomputer, the PC provided a more for cost-effective platform for applications in numerical analysis, engineering and design, instrument control, image acquisition and image processing. In addition, the sitewide use of a common PC platform could reduce the cost of training and support services relative to cases where many different computer platforms were used. This could be especially true for the microscopists who must use computers in both the laboratory and the office.

Sonographically guided, transcatheter foam sclerotherapy of the great saphenous vein

Phlebologie ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 36 (06) ◽  
pp. 309-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Schulz ◽  
M. Jünger ◽  
M. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Duplex Sonography ◽  
Foam Sclerotherapy ◽  
Average Loss ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Cost

Summary Objective: The goal of the study was to assess the effectiveness and patient tolerability of single-session, sonographically guided, transcatheter foam sclerotherapy and to evaluate its economic impact. Patients, methods: We treated 20 patients with a total of 22 varicoses of the great saphenous vein (GSV) in Hach stage III-IV, clinical stage C2-C5 and a mean GSV diameter of 9 mm (range: 7 to 13 mm). We used 10 ml 3% Aethoxysklerol®. Additional varicoses of the auxiliary veins of the GSV were sclerosed immediately afterwards. Results: The occlusion rate in the treated GSVs was 100% one week after therapy as demonstrated with duplex sonography. The cost of the procedure was 207.91 E including follow-up visit, with an average loss of working time of 0.6 days. After one year one patient showed clinical signs of recurrent varicosis in the GSV; duplex sonography showed reflux in the region of the saphenofemoral junction in a total of seven patients (32% of the treated GSVs). Conclusion: Transcatheter foam sclerotherapy of the GSV is a cost-effective, safe method of treating varicoses of GSV and broadens the spectrum of therapeutic options. Relapses can be re-treated inexpensively with sclerotherapy.

Resource efficiency in deinked pulp production: a review

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIISA KOTANEN ◽  
MIKA KÖRKKÖ ◽  
ARI ÄMMÄLÄ ◽  
JOUKO NIINIMÄKI
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ecological Strategy ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Paper Production ◽  
Recycled Pulp ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pulp Production

The use of recovered paper as a raw material for paper production is by far the most economical and ecological strategy for the disposal of waste paper. However, paper production from recovered paper furnish generates a great amount of residues, and the higher the demand requirements for the end product, the higher the amount of rejected material. The reason for this is that the selectivity of the deinking process is limited; therefore, some valuable components are also lost in reject streams. The rejection of usable components affects the economics of recycled paper production. As the cost of waste disposal continues to increase, this issue is becoming more and more severe. This paper summarizes the current state of the resource efficiency in recycled pulp production and provides information on the volumes of rejected streams and the usable material within them. Various means to use these reject streams are also discussed, including the main findings of a recent thesis by the main author. This review summarizes current internal and external use of reject streams generated in the deinking operations.

A Digital Economy Model for Talent Prediction Data Analytic

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-266
Author(s):  
Haru Purnomo Ipung ◽  
Amin Soetomo
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Token Economy ◽  
Economy Model ◽  
New Business ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Data Analytic

This research proposed a model to assist the design of the associated data architecture and data analytic to support talent forecast in the current accelerating changes in economy, industry and business change due to the accelerating pace of technological change. The emerging and re-emerging economy model were available, such as Industrial revolution 4.0, platform economy, sharing economy and token economy. Those were driven by new business model and technology innovation. An increase capability of technology to automate more jobs will cause a shift in talent pool and workforce. New business model emerge as the availabilityand the cost effective emerging technology, and as a result of emerging or re-emerging economic models. Both, new business model and technology innovation, create new jobs and works that have not been existed decades ago. The future workers will be faced by jobs that may not exist today. A dynamics model of inter-correlation of economy, industry, business model and talent forecast were proposed. A collection of literature review were conducted to initially validate the model.

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