scholarly journals CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF ELEMENTS OF THE SIMPLIFIED ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING SYSTEM BY SMALL ENTERPRISES

2018 ◽  
pp. 286-293
Author(s):  
Nadiya Khocha
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Small Enterprise ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
Tax Regimes ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Taxation System

Introduction. The development of a simplified accounting and reporting system has a significant impact on tax legislation, which involves the use of simplified tax regimes for small businesses. The entry into force in 2011 of the Tax Code of Ukraine affected the composition of the elements of the simplified accounting and reporting system, which led to the emergence of new and the possibility of refusing to use the traditional elements of this system. Purpose. The article aims to formulate criteria and elaborate algorithm for selecting elements of a simplified accounting and reporting system by small enterprises. Method (methodology). In the process of research, method of system approach, method of analysis and synthesis, method of generalization and comparison have been used. Results. It has been established that within the simplified accounting and reporting system its subsystem appeared. This subsystem is created for simplified accounting of incomes and expenses. The main elements of such a system are the Simplified Financial Statement of the Small Business Entity and the accounting registers that are identified by the "Methodological Recommendations for the Application of Small Business Registers" No. 720. They are created without the use of the Account Schedule and double entry. The expediency of using the concept of "simplified accounting and reporting system for non-payment of VAT" has been substantiated. The defining criterion for conduction of simplified accounting of incomes and expenses is the lack of registration of a small enterprise by a VAT payer. The algorithm of the choice of the small business entity for the elements of the simplified accounting and reporting system depending on the taxation system has been developed. The possibility of generating this system of information for calculation of tax, statistical and other forms of reporting has been considered in the research.

scholarly journals TAXATION OF SUBJECTS OF SMALL ENTERPRISE WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF SPECIAL TAX REGIMES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
Рашид Гильфанов ◽  
Rashid Gilfanov ◽  
Алсу Евстафьева ◽  
Alsu Evstaf'eva
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Small Enterprise ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Tax Regimes ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Business Entities

Taxation of small businesses is one of the key areas in the tax policy of the Russian Federation. To create favorable economic conditions for the functioning of small business entities, special tax regimes have been created to simplify their accounting and reporting system. The article deals with the practice of applying special tax regimes in the Republic of Tatarstan. It is revealed that the most popular regimes for small business entities in the republic are the simplified and patent taxation systems. The advantages and disadvantages of the special tax regimes applied are noted.

Special aspects of tax liability of small business enterprises in Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
Alina V. Agzamova ◽  
Alena E. Zaborovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Tax Burden ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Tax Regimes ◽  
The Russian Federation

In modern economic conditions, the state of small business is an indicator that reflects the dynamics of the development of the main socio-economic trends occurring in the country. In return, the current crisis phenomena have a negative impact on the development of small business, which contributes to the formation of the middle class, which makes up a significant part of the economically active population of the country. Despite all the measures provided by the government of the Russian Federation (tax holidays, subsidies, reduction of the tax burden due to the introduction of special tax regimes, etc.), the number of small businesses is decreasing. This article analyzes the current state of the state’s tax policy in relation to small enterprises, examines the issues of taxation of small enterprises in Russia, and identifies the main trends and disadvantages of taxation of small businesses. The most complex and urgent problems of functioning and further development of small businesses are identified and characterized. Statistical data on the dynamics and structure of small businesses by type of economic activity in Russia, the dynamics of the tax burden on small businesses, and tax revenues to the budget of the Russian Federation are presented and analyzed. The article substantiates the need to reform the tax system as a necessary measure to support small businesses, designed to improve and accelerate the dynamics of socio-economic development of the state.

OPTIMIZATION OF THE SMALL BUSINESS TAX SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (86) ◽  
pp. 160-169
Author(s):  
M.K. Chistyakova ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Tax Planning ◽  
Small Enterprise ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Dominant Position ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Tax Regimes ◽  
Or Organization ◽  
Future Business

The article discusses the principles and systems of taxation for small business. Today, that choice of special tax regimes is relevant, in which an entrepreneur or organization must calculate the total tax burden in accordance with various economic indicators of activity, taking into account all the nuances and prospects for future business development. Small business is a sector which favorable development is extremely important for determining the rate of economic growth of the national economy, the level of employment, the quality and structure of the gross national product. The development of small businesses largely depends on the domestic and foreign policy of the state. In modern conditions, a small enterprise is a small firm managed by an independent owner. Also, this company does not occupy a dominant position in the market in its industry and meets certain legal norms, criteria for the number of employees who work for the company during the reporting period and the income that it receives. The article considers the current criteria for determining organizations and classifying them as small businesses. The object of taxation, and in this case small business, determines the appropriate special regimes. The paper proposes tax planning using the method of tax express analysis using analytical indicators. In conclusion, we describe the analysis of tax risks that are necessary for effective tax planning of the small business. In general, the study suggests optimizing the tax system for small business in order to develop it effectively

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF APPLICATION OF SPECIAL TAX REGIMES FOR SUBJECTS OF SMALL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RUSSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Юлия Аношина ◽  
Sergei Simonov
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
Tax Regimes ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Tax Benefits ◽  
Stimulation Of

Introduction: The article deals with special tax regimes as instruments of state stimulation of development of small businesses. In the current economic conditions, small and medium-sized businesses in accordance with the tax legislation are offered a number of tax systems and tax benefits aimed at minimizing and optimizing the taxation of these categories of taxpayers in order to support their activities. Materials and methods: in order to study the peculiarities of the application of special tax regimes separately and in conjunction with other taxes, the following methods were used: observation, comparison, analysis and synthesis, study and generalization. Results: according to the results of the study, conclusions were made about the problems in the application of special tax regimes and the need for further improvement of taxation of small and medium-sized businesses. Discussion: the conducted research allows us to conclude that the application of tax regimes for small businesses brings benefits to both taxpayers and tax authorities, but such special regimes still need to be revised and clarified some of the issues that arise in the process of their practical application in the Russian Federation in modern conditions. Conclusion: the article substantiates the idea that the stimulation of small business, as one of the directions of the tax policy of the state, should take into account the peculiarities of certain categories of taxpayers.

scholarly journals Simplified Taxation System: To Save the Small Business in Lockdown Conditions in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (514) ◽  
pp. 361-370
Author(s):  
N. V. Rudyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
Single Tax ◽  
The Status ◽  
Local Budget ◽  
Taxation System

The value of small business for the economy and the need to stimulate it in lockdown conditions remains an unchanged position both at the level of the scientific community and at the level of public administration. The situation with the pandemic not only complicated the conditions of functioning of small and medium-sized businesses (hereinafter referred to as SMEs), but also justified the need for its support as a non-alternative measure for stabilization of the unemployment rate in the country, the possibility of effective operation and self-reliance at local levels of the budget system, specially, local budgets. The status and conditions of SME functioning, its importance in the structure of local budget revenues are researched. Changes in the tendencies as to the volumes and structure of tax revenues of local budgets are defined. The dynamics of tax revenues to local budgets is analyzed in order to determine the budget-forming taxes. The key factors of influence on the revenue part of local budgets are systematized as follows: economic, political and legal, demographic, socio-cultural. The emphasis is placed on modern trends in the functioning of SMEs, financial relations between the State at the level of local budgets and SME entities. The analysis of the implementation of plans and the planned task of tax revenues to local budgets is carried out and the value of small businesses in the structure of sales of products is determined. The dynamics of financial results before taxation of small enterprises is determined, which substantiates their higher productivity and maneuverability in the conditions of instability. A study of the dependence between the level of tax revenues to local budgets from a single tax and the productivity of small enterprises and individual entrepreneurs proves the author’s position on the need to use a simplified taxation system as a measure to preserve the viability of small businesses in lockdown conditions in order to stabilize the economy at the local level. The importance of SMEs in the employment structure in terms of enterprises by their size proves the need to stimulate entrepreneurship in the face of global instability.

scholarly journals THE PLACE AND ROLE OF SMALL ENTERPRISES IN INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Shnirkov ◽  
◽  
Ihor Rudenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Small Enterprise ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Impact

The place and role of small enterprise in international economic activity are analysed in the article. Analysis and development trends of small business in the world and domestic economic systems. The strengths and weaknesses of such activity, as well as the risks and opportunities. For a deeper understanding, it was suggested to get acquainted with the actual data on the impact of small business on the economies of countries according to relevant sources and its real impact on the domestic economy as well. In general, it should be noted that with the development and transformation of economic and political processes, small business has increasingly begun to play a crucial role in the global economic system, becoming one of the drivers of progress in all its manifestations. The small enterprise sector plays an extremely important part in modern economy, proving to be the most attractive and tremendous innovative system. The small enterprise sector carries great hopes and great burdens in the evolution of all of the economies. Sustained and healthy growth of this sector is obviously necessary, since it is difficult to imagine rising overall living standards and social peace without such a development. The vital contribution to economic development is a reality unanimously recognized. Showing their economically and socially beneficial effects led to the consideration of the small enterprise as a field of strategic interest for the economy. In their whole, the small enterprises are established in a very various, heterogeneous, flexible, dynamical and adaptable reality. They represent a source of entrepreneurship abilities, innovation and creation of new jobs. The health of an economy depends on the number and dynamic of small enteprises as much as their success on the market because small businesses typically make up the majority of firms within most economies. Government policy relating to small business can often be problematic due to the lack of adequate understanding of the sector and its needs. The experience of developed countries confirms the need of well-functioning small business as one of the main factors of sustainable economic growth.

scholarly journals Skills required for the management of Black-owned small enterprises in Soweto

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Nkosi ◽  
Maria Bounds ◽  
Adele Thomas ◽  
Geoff Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Small Enterprise ◽  
Success Factor ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Business Skills ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Business And Management

Orientation: This study sought to identify which business and management skills are present amongst Black small-business owners in Soweto, as small businesses are not always aware of the skills needed in order to be successful in business endeavours.Research purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify the most pertinent business and management skills required for the management of small enterprises in Soweto.Motivation for the study: Small-business creation is viewed as being a major contributor to economic growth. The motivation of the study was to foster understanding with regard to which business and management skills are essential to the longevity of a small business and to foster growth in small-business creation.Research design, approach and method: A qualitative survey was conducted amongst 25 Black-owned small enterprises in Soweto. Data were gathered by means of semi-structured interviews. Content analysis, using literature as basis for common themes forthcoming from the interviews, was employed as the means of data analysis.Main findings: The findings indicated that most enterprise owners lack management and business skills, that there is no single key success factor in managing small enterprises, that competitive advantage is seemingly overlooked and that small-enterprise owners seem to be driven by non-monetary rewards.Practical/managerial implications: The study affirmed that a contextualised approach to management is crucial, irrespective of the scope of the business and that strategy is considered in a different light in a small business.Contribution/value-add: Although the findings did not suggest anything contrary to the literature relating to skills, they did highlight the uniqueness of strategic management aspects in small enterprises and also alluded to the communal outlook of Black small-enterprise owners.

scholarly journals Multiplier elements of innovation: towards an innovation model in the Mexican micro and small business

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Alejandra López-Salazar ◽  
Gloria Leticia López-Salazar ◽  
Rubén Molina Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Small Enterprise ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Innovation Model ◽  
Innovation Generation

Innovation is a fundamental strategy to generate and maintain a competitive position in the market, however, the companies’ ability to generate innovations is not an easy task, as there are different factors that influence it. Although several innovation models have been developed, no ad hoc models have been proposed to the conditions of micro and small enterprise, nor the structural conditions in developing countries. Therefore, the objective of this research is to identify and analyze the most relevant management factors that drive innovation in Mexican micro and small business. To this end, 594 micro and small businesses from the Laja-Bajío region belonging to the commercial sector, service and manufacture, were surveyed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to identify their needs on innovation generation. The results show that technology management, marketing strategies and human resources management are the key elements to drive innovation in the MSEs (Micro and Small enterprises).

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE ACCOUNT AT THE ENTERPRISES OF SMALL BUSINESS IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 162-167
Author(s):  
Andrii Dovbush ◽  
Halyna Davydovska
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Business Transactions ◽  
Organizational Issues ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Taxation System

Purpose. The aim of the article is to research the economic content and features of accounting organization in small businesses. Methodology of research. A number of legal and general scientific methods are used in writing the work. The main method of writing the work is the method of research of legal sources, the Tax Code and the Law of Ukraine “On Accounting and Financial Reporting in Ukraine” in particular. The following research methods are also used: monographic – for a detailed study of the organization of the accounting system in small enterprises; comparison – to identify common features and differences of the studied processes and phenomena; analysis and synthesis – to detail the accounting system of small enterprises by dividing it into constituent parts; grouping – to identify the conceptual features of the accounting system of small businesses. Findings. It is determined that one of the most important organizational issues of small business accounting is the choice of form of accounting, because each form of accounting provides a combination of different types of accounting registers, which should ensure operational control, timeliness, completeness and reliability of generalization in the accounting of all business transactions that took place in the entity. It is concluded that the peculiarities of the organization of accounting for small businesses include the following: the choice of taxation system; approval of the chosen form of accounting in the Order on accounting policy; use of certain primary documents to confirm business transactions; display of information in the relevant accounting registers - depends on the chosen form of accounting; generalization of information in financial statements. Originality. The diversity of definitions of this concept has been clarified as a result of studying scientific approaches to the disclosure of the essence of the organization of accounting. The main factors influencing the organization of accounting of small enterprises are substantiated and revealed. It is believed that an important factor influencing the construction of accounting in small business is the taxation system. The advantages and disadvantages of simplified and general systems of taxation of small enterprises are presented in the article. Practical value. The obtained results of the research allow to deepen the theoretical principles and develop practical recommendations for improving the organization of accounting in small businesses, as well as to apply them for further research. Key words: organization of accounting, form of organization of accounting, small business enterprises, small business entities, taxation system.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF ACCOUNTING IN SMALL ENTERP RISES

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (86) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Marcus ◽  
◽  
Maryana Sakharuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Single Tax ◽  
Annual Reporting ◽  
Working Plan ◽  
Taxation System ◽  
Tax Payers

The article is devoted to the study of the organization of accounting in small businesses. In the course of the research the requirements for the organization and accounting of small businesses were systematized. It is concluded that the peculiarities of the organization of accounting for small businesses include the following: the choice of one of two taxation systems (general or simplified); approval of the chosen form of accounting (journal, simple or simplified) in the Order on accounting policy; use of primary documents to confirm business transactions; display of information in the relevant accounting registers; choice of chart of accounts for accounting (full or abbreviated); generalization of information in financial (annual) reporting. The main factors influencing the organization of small business accounting are substantiated and disclosed (availability of employees, number of employees, selected taxation system, registration of a small business entity as a value added tax payer). The opinion is expressed that the chosen system of taxation is an important factor influencing the construction of accounting for small businesses. It is shown that small entrepreneurs, choosing a simplified system, register as single tax payers and choose which of the four groups to be. The advantages and disadvantages of general and simplified systems of taxation of small enterprises are presented. Forms of accounting by small businesses are described. Also, the article mentions the financial statements kept by small businesses, depending on the chosen system of taxation. Also the basic directions of the organization of accounting of subjects of small business are formed. The directions of improvement of the organization of accounting of subjects of small business are allocated. The directions of improvement of the organization of accounting of subjects of small business are allocated, on an example of PE "Kurtushka", namely: development of the working plan of accounts, considering a kind of activity of the enterprise; selected accounting registers that are necessary in accordance with the accounting of assets and liabilities of the entity.

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