Methodology for estimating the state of non-centralized sources of drinking water supply in an emergency socio-economic situation

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
С.В. Капранов
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
The State ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Grading Scale

Целью работы явилось обоснование необходимости организации и проведения на конкурсной основе благоустройства нецентрализованных водоисточников с использованием разработанной методики комплексной гигиенической и экологической оценки состояния нецентрализованных источников питьевого водоснабжения в условиях чрезвычайной ситуации. В работе использованы результаты многолетнего санитарно-гигиенического обследования и лабораторных исследований воды коллективных источников нецентрализованного питьевого водоснабжения. Определены следующие основные показатели для комплексной гигиенической и экологической оценки состояния нецентрализованных водоисточников: степень соответствия водоисточника установленным санитарно-гигиеническим и санитарно-техническим нормам и требованиям; соблюдение зон санитарной охраны; санитарно-просветительное, эстетическое и художественное оформление водоисточников; уровень благоустройства территории, окружающей водоисточники; качество воды водоисточников по результатам лабораторных исследований за определенный период. По каждому из пяти показателей предусмотрена оценка по 12-балльной шкале с последующим суммированием баллов с целью получения итогового результата комплексной оценки. Учитывая успешное проведение конкурса по благоустройству нецентрализованных источников водоснабжения с использованием разработанной методики комплексной гигиенической и экологической оценки состояния нецентрализованных источников питьевого водоснабжения в районе с резким дефицитом питьевой водопроводной воды, рекомендовано опыт проведения данного мероприятия распространить на другие административные территории, находящиеся в подобной ситуации. The work objective was substantiating the need to arrange and conduct, on a competitive basis, the improvement of non-centralized water sources using the developed methodology for a comprehensive hygienic and environmental estimation of the state of non-centralized sources of drinking water supply in an emergency. The work uses the results of many years of sanitary and hygienic survey and laboratory studies of water from communal sources of non-centralized drinking water supply. The following main indicators have been determined for a comprehensive hygienic and environmental estimation of the state of non-centralized water sources: the degree of compliance of the water source with the established sanitary, hygienic and sanitary technical regulations and requirements; compliance with the sanitary protection zones; the sanitary and educational, aesthetic and artistic design of water sources; the level of improvement of the territory surrounding the water sources; the water quality of the water sources according to the results of laboratory tests for a certain period. Each of the five indicators was estimated according to the 12-point grading scale with the subsequent summation of points in order to provide for the final result of a comprehensive estimation. Considering the successful holding of a competitive tender for the improvement of non-centralized water supply sources using the developed methodology for a comprehensive hygienic and environmental estimation of the state of non-centralized drinking water supply sources in an area with severe shortages of drinking tap water, extending the experience of these measures to other administrative territories in a similar situation is recommended.

scholarly journals The forecast of the change of water quality of the Zeravshan River under the conditions of Uzbekistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
Iskandarova Sh.T. ◽  
Usmanov I.A.
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
The State ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
The Republic

The purpose of the research is to develop measures for the protection of the Zeravshan river, which is used as an industrial and drinking water supply for the population of several regions of the Republic. Studies have established that the main source of river pollution is industrial enterprise «Navoiazot», which produces mineral fertilizers for needs of agriculture. Discharge of wastewater into the water, leads to pollution of water, and the quality does not correspond to the state standard specification about sources of centralized drinking water supply, about hygienic, technical requirements. At the same time, harmful chemicals are found in the water of the Zeravshan river, which are 2...9 times higher than the MPC installed on them. The medium-term forecast showed that by 2025 the ecological state of the Zeravshan river will not be improved, due to the fact that the production of mineral fertilizers is planned to be increased. In this regard, recommendations on the protection of the Zeravshan river have been developed, which will help to improve the monitoring of the state of the water body and improve the conditions of water use of the population.

HYDROGEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF THE GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN THE MOSCOW REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 128-136
Author(s):  
N.P KARPENKO ◽  
◽  
I.M. LOMAKIN
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
The State ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Current State ◽  
Environmental Measures

The purpose of the work is to study and assess the state of underground water in the Moscow region used for drinking water supply and to develop measures to improve the quality of underground water. There was made an analysis of the state of the main operated aquifers and their dynamics and were found basic regularities of the formation of the hydrogeological regime of the exploited horizons in the Moscow region. The main factors affecting the chemical composition of groundwater were considered. Modern approaches were developed and proposed to solve the problem of preserving the quality of underground water for drinking water supply. To ensure the quality of underground water intake in the Moscow region, recommendations were developed to preserve the quality of underground water and the necessary set of environmental measures was proposed to minimize the deterioration of the drinking water quality. Timely identification of possible sources of deterioration in the quality of underground water and usage of innovative technologies for underground water treatment of from pollution will prevent from risky situations in the problem of assessing the quality of the underground water used for domestic and drinking needs of the population. Implementation of the proposed measures will improve environmental conditions of the ground water resources within the Moscow region.

scholarly journals GEOECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER SOURCES IN URBAN AND RURAL AREAS OF VORONEZH REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
T.I. Prozhorina ◽  
S.A. Kurolap ◽  
Yu.A. Presnyakova
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
And Control

The problem of providing the population of the Voronezh region with clean drinking water is the most acute, since about 30 % of water sources do not meet environmental requirements, which causes a certain risk to the health of the region's population. The paper assesses the current state of centralized and decentralized drinking water supply and sanitation in the cities of Novohopersk, Borisoglebsk, Ostrogozhsk, Ramon and their surroundings, which are administrative centers of the same name municipal districts of the Voronezh region. The problems of providing the population of the region with high-quality drinking water are revealed and ways of solving rational water supply are considered. In addition, based on the results of the chemical composition of drinking water from centralized and decentralized water supply sources, the quality of drinking water supplied to the population of the studied cities was established. The results of the analysis showed that the population of the Voronezh region (for example, the cities of Novohopersk, Borisoglebsk, Ostrogozhsk, Ramon and their surroundings) uses drinking water that does not meet hygienic requirements. Therefore, today it is necessary to strengthen monitoring and control over the quality of drinking water supply, and the population of urban and rural areas of the region need to use household filters for water purification.

scholarly journals A Tale of Three Himalayan Towns: Would Payment for Ecosystem Services Make Drinking Water Supply Sustainable?

2021 ◽  
pp. 357-367
Author(s):  
Rajesh K. Rai ◽  
Mani Nepal
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Incentive Payment ◽  
Payment Schemes ◽  
Downstream Communities

AbstractThe Himalayas are the source of freshwater to about one-fourth of the world’s population. Paradoxically, water scarcity is one of the most prominent climate crises in the Himalayan region in general and its cities in particular. Rapid urbanization coupled with climate change is causing the rapid disappearance of natural springs resulting in water shortage in the urban areas. Governments are investing in new water supply projects to fulfil the demand of city residents as existing water sources are drying up. Solely focussed on establishing the physical infrastructure to supply water from source to users, and these drinking water projects have by and large failed to protect the water sources. These projects rely on the assumption of a fixed quantum and quality of the water source not taking into account the impacts of changes in climate and the activities of upstream communities on the ecosystem. For sustainability of the drinking water supply, it is necessary to have subsidiary plans that bring together the upstream water source communities (service providers), downstream communities (service users) and the local authority. Incentive paymentfor ecosystem services is a strategy to incentivize upstream non-user or low-user communities, whose role is critical in maintaining and improving the water supply and preserving the watershed area. This chapter highlights practical aspects of the design and implementation of incentive payment schemes drawing on research from three case studies from three small Himalayan towns in Nepal.

A Survey of Current Drinking Water Supply for Shanghai

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 68-70
Author(s):  
Jia Xiu Song ◽  
Dong An ◽  
Bruce Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Pollution Problem ◽  
Huangpu River

Water quality has deteriorated in recent years in Shanghai, China. More species of hazardous organic contaminant have been discovered. In developed area such as Shanghai, water pollution is more and more severe. Water quality of rivers in Shanghai territory falls into category Ⅲ~IV, which does not meet drinking water source standard. Huangpu River, the mother river of shanghai native, which provides nearly 80% of the water supply for downtown Shanghai, is facing imminent severe water pollution problem.

scholarly journals THE FEATURES OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROCESS OF ROTAVIRUS INFECTION AMONG THE POPULATION OF THE ARKHANGELSK REGION CITIES WITH VARIOUS WATER SOURCES

2017 ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
E.V. Baydakova ◽  
T.N. Unguryanu
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Infection Incidence ◽  
Arkhangelsk Region

Rotavirus infection incidence among population of the Arkhangelsk region cities using the river North Dvina as a source of drinking water supply is 2.0–4.0 times higher than incidence in areas with underground sources of water supply and is 1.2–2.5 times higher in comparison with the Severodvinsk city where population uses other superficial water source. In the cities children aged till 1 year, 1–2 years old are at the risk group of rotavirus infection incidence. The most expressed growth of rotavirus infection incidence is identified in Novodvinsk, Koryazhma and Kotlas.

scholarly journals Application of model fitting technique to enhance bacterial regrowth potential (BRP) measurement for drinking water supply monitoring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjin Xue ◽  
Christopher W. K. Chow ◽  
John van Leeuwen
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Bacterial Regrowth

Abstract The bacterial regrowth potential (BRP) method was utilised to indirectly measure the assimilable organic carbon (AOC) as an indicator for the assessment of the microbial regrowth potential in drinking water distribution systems. A model using various microbial growth parameters was developed in order to standardise the experimental interpretation for BRP measurement. This study used 82 experimental BRP data sets of water samples collected from the water treatment plant to locations (customer taps) in the distribution system. The data were used to model the BRP process (growth curve) by a data fitting procedure and to obtain a best-fitted equation. Statistical assessments and model validation for evaluating the equation obtained by fitting these 82 sets of data were conducted, and the results show average R2 values were 0.987 for treated water samples (collected at the plant prior to chlorination) and 0.983 for tap water (collected at the customer taps). The F values obtained from the F-test are all exceeded their corresponding F critical values, and the results from the t-test also showed a good outcome. These results indicate this model would be successfully applied in modelling BRP in drinking water supply systems.

scholarly journals Analysis Of Raw Water Supply In Pucang Gading Housing Complex, District Of Demak To Preparation Of Water Resources And Water Resources Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 03012
Author(s):  
Solikhul Abdi ◽  
Sudarno
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Service Area ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Housing Complex

Pucang Gading Housing Complex is an area within the Village Batursari, District of Demak with a population of 2018 as many as 44,257 inhabitants. Raw water service system Mranggen Unit is divided into 5 areas of service (service area Mranggen, Batursari I, Batursari II, Batursari III and Kebon) which utilize raw water source of water treatment plant (IPA Waru) and 8 Wells In a total discharge of 120 liter/second. The number of home connections in Pucang Gading area is currently 3,374 house connections, with a total water usage 14.25 liter/second Water discharges from clean water sources in Pucang Gading region are currently not maximally available to supply water to Pucang Gading service area. In this research will know the problems and readiness that exist by looking from the achievement of Medium Term Development Plan of Demak Regency Year 2016-2021. This research uses SWOT analysis method that is internal and external factors. The selection of raw water sources for drinking water should pay attention to aspects of quality, quantity and continuity. Demak Regency has the potential of surface water either river/ reservoir/dam. The problems and challenges of drinking water supply include issues of safe access to water supply, and regulation of groundwater utilization for the community.

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