scholarly journals GAMBARAN KANDUNGAN ZAT GIZI PADA BERAS HITAM (Oryza sativa L.) KULTIVAR PARE AMBO SULAWESI SELATAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juwita Mangiri ◽  
Nelly Mayulu ◽  
Shirley E. S. Kawengian
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Descriptive Method

Abstract: Rice is a staple food that is very important in the world, including in Indonesia. The kind of rice that is generally consumed by people in Indonesia is white rice, brown rice, and black rice. Black rice is one type of rice which is popular in the community and consumed as functional foods because of health benefits. The purpose of this study is to describe the nutrient contents of the black rice cultivars ambo Pare, South Sulawesi. This research was conducted by using descriptive method with samples of black rice originally from Toraja. The results of research which conducted at the Laboratory of Integrated Sam Ratulangi University and the Center for Environmental Health Engineering Manado are 85% carbohydrates, 1.9% fat, 1.04% protein, 10.5% water, fiber 0.8%, Abu by 0.4%, which amount of 0.6 mg of Vitamin C, 31.6 mg of Vitamin E, 0.386 mg / ml of Calcium (Ca), 1.95 mg / ml of Magnesium (Mg), 0.886 mg / ml of Potassium (K), 0,391mg / ml of iron (Fe), and 0.021 mg / ml of Zinc (Zn). The highest mineral content is Magnesium (Mg).Keywords: Rice, Black Rice, Substance Nutrient ContentAbstrak: Beras merupakan bahan makanan pokok yang sangat penting di dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Beras yang umumnya dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat di Indonesia adalah beras putih, beras merah, dan beras hitam. Beras hitam merupakan salah satu jenis beras yang mulai populer di masyarakat dan dikonsumsi sebagai pangan fungsional karena bermanfaat bagi kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kandungan zat gizi pada beras hitam Kultivar pare ambo, Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan sampel beras hitam yang berasal dari Toraja. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Terpadu Universitas Sam Ratulangi dan Balai Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan Manado diperoleh hasil kandungan zat gizi antara lain Karbohidrat sebesar 85%, Lemak sebesar 1,9%, Protein sebesar 1,04%, Air sebesar 10,5%, Serat sebesar 0,8%, Abu sebesar 0,4%, Vitamin C sebesar 0,6 mg, Vitamin E sebesar 31,6 mg, Kalsium (Ca) sebesar 0,386 mg/ml, Magnesium (Mg) sebesar 1,95 mg/ml, Kalium (K) sebesar 0,886 mg/ml, Besi (Fe) sebesar 0,391mg/ml, dan Zinc (Zn) sebesar 0,021 mg/ml. Hasil dari kandungan mineral yang paling tinggi adalah Magnesium (Mg).Kata Kunci: Beras, Beras Hitam, Kandungan Zat Gizi

scholarly journals PENGARUH KOTORAN AYAM DAN PACLOBUTRAZOL TERHADAP JUMLAH ANAKAN DAN TINGGI BATANG PADI HITAM (Oryza sativa L.) KABUPATEN TAPANULI SELATAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romaya Sitha Silitonga ◽  
Jumaria Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT Black rice is very potential to be expanded because the content of anthocyanin, vitamin B1, and vitamin E black rice is higher than brown rice or white rice. At present, black rice producers are in Java, whereas in Sumatra, South Tapanuli District, Angkola Sub-District is a new type of black rice for rice farmers, so it is necessary to introduce and cultivate. The aims of the research was to determine the effect of chicken manure and paclobutrazol concentration on the tiller number and stems height of the rice plant in Batang Angkola District, South Tapanuli. This research method used was Randomized Block Design Factorial with two factors. The first factor was application of chicken manure (C) with dosage 0 g/pot 3 g/pot (C1), 6 g/pot (C2) and 9 g/pot (P3). The second factor was application paklobutrazol (P) with concentrations of 0 ppm (P0), 25 ppm (P1), 50 ppm (P2) and 75 ppm (P3). Statistical analysis used Anova 5%. If there is a difference followed by DMRT. The result showed that application of chicken manure at 9 g/pot (C3) and paclobutrazol 75 ppm (P3) were produce more tiller number and able to decrease height of black rice plant. Key words : Black Rice, Chicken manure, Paklobutrazol, South Tapanuli District, Tiller number, ABSTRAK Padi hitam sangat potensial dikembangkan karena kandungan antosianin, vitamin B1, dan vitamin E padi hitam lebih tinggi dari beras merah maupun beras putih. Adapun daerah penghasil beras hitam saat ini masih terdapat di daerah-daerah Pulau Jawa, sementara di Pulau Sumatera, khususnya di Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan, Kecamatan Batang Angkola beras hitam masih tergolong tanaman padi jenis baru bagi para petani beras sehingga perlu dilakukan upaya perkenalan dan budidaya di daerah ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi kotoran ayam dan paclobutrazol terhadap jumlah anakan dan tinggi batang padi hitam yang tumbuh di Kecamatan Batang Angkola, Tapanuli Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama, aplikasi Kotoran ayam (C) dengan dosis 0 g/pot (C0), 3 g/pot (C1), 6 g/pot (C2) dan 9 g/pot. Faktor kedua, paklobutrazol (P) dengan konsentrasi 0 ppm (P0), 25 ppm (P1), 50 ppm (P2) dan 75 ppm (P3). Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik analisis variansi pada taraf kesalahan 5%. Apabila ada beda nyata dilanjutkan dengan DMRT. Hasil penelitian aplikasi Kotoran ayam 9 g/pot (C3) dan paclobutrazol 75 ppm (P3) menghasilkan jumlah anakan lebih banyak dan dapat menekan pertumbuhan tinggi batang padi hitam yang ditanam. Kata Kunci : Jumlah anakan, Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan, Kotoran Ayam, Paclobutrazol, Padi hitam.

scholarly journals Gambaran Kandungan Zat- Zat Gizi Pada Beras Hitam (Oryza Sativa L.) Varietas Enrekang

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brilia Ch. Kereh ◽  
Nelly Mayulu ◽  
Shirley E. Kawengian
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
World Population ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Data Processing Method ◽  
Annual Population ◽  
Macro Nutrients

Abstract: Rice is one of the main cereals in the worldwide economic commodity. For better public health is the most important priority to food and nutrition. Consumption of plant foods, including fruits, vegetables, grains, cereals and seafood a key role in disease prevention and health increased. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) a cereal crop is the major staple food sources for half of the world population. With an average annual population growth rate of ~1.5% and estimated per capita consumption of about 250 grams of rice per day, the demand for rice is expected to increase to 40% by 2025. This study aims to determine the content of nutrients in the Black Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Enrekang, macro nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats), micronutrients (vitamins and minerals), and fiber nutrients, water, and ash. This research uses descriptive. Held on November 4th until December 1st, 2015 at the Laboratory of the University of Sam Ratulangi, and Balai Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan Manado. This research was conducted in laboratory sampel Black Rice (Oryza sativa L) Enrekang. With Gunning and data processing method to calculated the formula. The results of macro-nutrients Carbohydrate content of 83.8%, 8.2% protein, 2.2% fat. The content of micronutrients Vitamin C 0.9 mg, 25.7 mg Vitamin E, the mineral content are Magnesium (Mg) 3.11 mg, Calcium (Ca) 0.257 mg, Iron (Fe) 0.335 mg, Potassium (K) 0.821 mg , Zinc (Zn) 0.042 mg.Keywords: Black Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Enrekang, macro and micro nutrientsAbstrak: Padi merupakan salah satu sereal utama dalam komoditas ekonomi di seluruh dunia. Untuk kesehatan masyarakat yang lebih baik yang terpenting adalah mengutamakan bahan pangan dan gizi. Mengkonsumsi makanan nabati, termasuk buah-buahan, sayuran, biji-bijian, sereal dan kacang-kacangan serta makanan laut memainkan peran kunci dalam pencegahan penyakit dan peningkatan kesehatan. Beras Hitam (Oryza sativa L.) adalah tanaman yang menjadi sumber makanan pokok utama untuk setengah dari populasi dunia. Dengan tingkat tahunan rata-rata pertumbuhan penduduk dari ~ 1,5% dan diperkirakan konsumsi per kapita dari sekitar 250 gram beras per hari, permintaan beras diperkirakan akan meningkat menjadi 40% pada tahun 2025. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan zat gizi pada Beras Hitam (Oryza Sativa L.) Enrekang, zat gizi makro (Karbohidrat, Protein, Lemak), zat gizi mikro (Vitamin dan Mineral), serta zat gizi Serat, Air, dan Abu. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif. Yan dilaksanakan pada tanggal 4 November sampai dengan 1 Desember 2015 di Laboratorium Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado, dan Balai Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan Manado. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara laboratorium dengan sampel Beras Hitam (Oryza Sativa L) Enrekang. Dengan metode Gunning dan pengolahan data yang dihitung dengan rumus. Hasil kandungan zat gizi makro Karbohidrat 83,8%, Protein 8,2%, Lemak 2,2%. Kandungan zat gizi mikro Vitamin C 0,9 mg, Vitamin E 25,7 mg, kandungan mineral yaitu Magnesium (Mg) 3,11 mg, Kalsium (Ca) 0,257 mg, Besi (Fe) 0,335 mg, Kalium (K) 0,821 mg, Zink (Zn) 0,042 mg.Kata kunci: Beras Hitam (Oryza Sativa L.) Enrekang, zat gizi makro dan mikro

scholarly journals Subcellular Localization and Vesicular Structures of Anthocyanin Pigmentation by Fluorescence Imaging of Black Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Stigma Protoplast

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 685
Author(s):  
Enerand Mackon ◽  
Yafei Ma ◽  
Guibeline Charlie Jeazet Dongho Epse Mackon ◽  
Qiufeng Li ◽  
Qiong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
The Body ◽  
Central Vacuole ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Black Rice

Anthocyanins belong to the group of flavonoid compounds broadly distributed in plant species responsible for attractive colors. In black rice (Oryza sativa L.), they are present in the stems, leaves, stigmas, and caryopsis. However, there is still no scientific evidence supporting the existence of compartmentalization and trafficking of anthocyanin inside the cells. In the current study, we took advantage of autofluorescence with anthocyanin’s unique excitation/emission properties to elucidate the subcellular localization of anthocyanin and report on the in planta characterization of anthocyanin prevacuolar vesicles (APV) and anthocyanic vacuolar inclusion (AVI) structure. Protoplasts were isolated from the stigma of black and brown rice and imaging using a confocal microscope. Our result showed the fluorescence displaying magenta color in purple stigma and no fluorescence in white stigma when excitation was provided by a helium–neon 552 nm and emission long pass 610–670 nm laser. The fluorescence was distributed throughout the cell, mainly in the central vacuole. Fluorescent images revealed two pools of anthocyanin inside the cells. The diffuse pools were largely found inside the vacuole lumen, while the body structures could be observed mostly inside the cytoplasm (APV) and slightly inside the vacuole (AVI) with different shapes, sizes, and color intensity. Based on their sizes, AVI could be grouped into small (Ф < 0.5 um), middle (Ф between 0.5 and 1 um), and large size (Ф > 1 um). Together, these results provided evidence about the sequestration and trafficking of anthocyanin from the cytoplasm to the central vacuole and the existence of different transport mechanisms of anthocyanin. Our results suggest that stigma cells are an excellent system for in vivo studying of anthocyanin in rice and provide a good foundation for understanding anthocyanin metabolism in plants, sequestration, and trafficking in black rice.

scholarly journals New Technology for Functional Dessert Production Based on Soy and Pumpkin

2020 ◽  
pp. 351-360
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Statsenko ◽  
Oksana Litvinenko ◽  
Nadezhda Korneva ◽  
Mikhail Shtarberg ◽  
Evgeniy Borodin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Β Carotene

Abstract. Introduction. Domestic food production based on the regional market characteristics can expand the range of functional foods. The research objective was to develop a new technology for desserts based on soy and pumpkin. Study objects and methods. The research featured soybeans of the “Yurna” variety and pumpkin of the “Nadezhda” variety. Soaked soybeans were mixed with mashed pumpkin and drinking water. The mass was heated and kept at 100°C for 30 min with simultaneous grinding and extraction of soluble dry matter. The soy and pumpkin liquid fraction was separated by filtration. A 2.5% aqueous solution of ascorbic acid was added to the liquid fraction at 75–80°C to coagulate protein and other substances. The soy and pumpkin coagulate had a moisture content of 75.0 ± 1%. It was mixed with sea buckthorn syrup and homogenized. The finished product was called “Nadezhda+”. The “Nezhnyi” dessert consisted of gelling solution mixed with soy and pumpkin coagulate and sea buckthorn syrup, after which the mass was homogenized. Results and discussion. The expert assessment helped to identify the most significant indicators of the sensory evaluation of the desserts, namely taste and consistency. The sensory evaluation also made it possible to define the optimal homogenization time for the mix: 60 s for “Nadezhda+” and 90 s for “Nezhnyi”. The developed desserts contained protein (5.75 and 4.70 g/100 g), phosphatides (334 and 102 mg/100 g), β-carotene (2.86 and 1.62 mg/100 g), vitamin E (28.60 and 16.00 mg/100 g) and vitamin C (35.10 and 10.60 mg/100 g), respectively. Conclusion. The content of β-carotene and vitamin E exceeded 15 % of the daily intake in one portion (100 g) of the desserts, as well as vitamin C in “Nadezhda+”. According with State Standard R 52349-2005, the new desserts could be referred to functional foods.

scholarly journals A Survey of the Vitamin and Mineral Content in Milk from Yaks Raised at Different Altitudes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Lin Yang ◽  
Chen Yang ◽  
Fumin Chi ◽  
Xuedong Gu ◽  
Yahui Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Vitamin B2 ◽  
Significant Statistical Difference ◽  
Yak Milk ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentrations ◽  
Different Altitudes

In this study, the content of vitamins and of toxic and beneficial (macro- and micro-) minerals in milk from yaks raised at different altitudes (3,215, 4,340, and 5,410 m) was investigated. For comparison, the components in cow’s milk were also measured. At higher altitudes, a significant ( P < 0.05 ) increase in vitamin A and vitamin E was observed in the yak’s milk, whereas the opposite was observed for vitamin B1 and vitamin B2. No significant statistical difference in vitamin C, Ca, P, Na, K, and Mg concentrations was observed in milk from yaks raised at different altitudes. The concentrations of Zn in milk from yaks raised at different altitudes showed no statistical difference, whereas the Mn and Fe concentrations in milk from yaks raised at 3,215 m were lower than those raised at higher altitudes. The concentrations of Pb and Cd in yak’s milk did not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations (Codex Alimentarius Commission), whereas their concentrations were higher in milk from yaks raised at 3,215 m than at higher altitudes. These findings indicated that the contents of vitamins and minerals in yak milk varied in different altitudes.

scholarly journals Gambaran aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak beras hitam (Oryza sativa L.) kultivar Pare Ambo Sulawesi Selatan

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raven G. Katiho ◽  
Shirley E. S. Kawengian ◽  
Nelly Mayulu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Good Potential

Abstract: The objective of this research is to determine the antioxidant activity of the extracts of black rice cultivars Pare Ambo, South Sulawesi. Black rice Pare Ambo cultivars, South Sulawesi extracted with 70% ethanol by maceration. After that, the extract tested antioxidant activity using DPPH with concentration 50, 100, 200, 400, 500 ppm, and methods FRAP for the determination of total content of antioxidants at concentrations 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 ppm. Research results using DPPH antioxidant test showed a concentration of 50 ppm has an activity that is the lowest free-radical scavengers 22% and 400 ppm had a prophylactic activity of free radicals highest 84,60%. While FRAP method showed a concentration of 600 ppm had the lowest total antioxidant that is 177,64 mmol/g and a concentration of 1000 ppm has the highest total antioxidant that is 272,94 mmol/g. Results of this research concluded that the extract of black rice cultivars Pare Ambo, South Sulawesi has a good potential antioxidant activity.Keywords: black rice, extract, antioxidants, DPPH, FRAPAbstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak beras hitam kultivar Pare Ambo, Sulawesi Selatan. Beras hitam kultivar Pare Ambo, Sulawesi Selatan diekstrak dengan pelarut etanol 70% dengan cara maserasi. Setelah itu, ekstrak diuji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH dengan konsentrasi 50, 100, 200, 400, 500 ppm, dan metode FRAP untuk penentuan kandungan total antioksidan dengan konsentrasi 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 ppm. Hasil penelitian pengujian antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH menunjukkan konsentrasi 50 ppm memiliki aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas terendah yaitu 22% dan konsentrasi 400 ppm memiliki aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas tertinggi yaitu 84,60%. Sedangkan metode FRAP menunjukkan konsentrasi 600 ppm memiliki total antioksidan paling rendah yaitu 177,64 mmol/g dan konsentrasi 1000 ppm memiliki total antioksidan paling tinggi yaitu 272,94 mmol/g. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ekstrak beras hitam kultivar Pare Ambo, Sulawesi Selatan memiliki potensi aktivitas antioksidan yang baik.Kata kunci: beras hitam, ekstrak, antioksidan, DPPH, FRAP

scholarly journals Pemberian Nasi Beras Merah (Oriza Nivara) dan Nasi Beras Hitam (Oriza Sativa L. Indica) terhadap Perubahan Kadar Glukosa pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 607-617
Author(s):  
Laode Ardiansyah ◽  
Nawawi Nawawi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
P Value ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Oryza Nivara ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

This study aims to determine the effect of giving brown rice (Oryza nivara) and black rice (Oryza Sativa L. Indica) to changes in blood glucose levels in people with diabetes mellitus in Kendari City. This research method was carried out with a quasi-experimental design with a pre-post test design test. The results of the study on checking blood glucose levels before and after giving brown rice (Oryza nivara) and black rice (Oryza sativa L. indica) within one week obtained P-Value = 0.000 from P-Value <0.05, while in comparison between brown rice (Oryza nivara) and black rice (Oryza sativa L. indica) on changes in blood glucose in people with diabetes mellitus in Kendari City obtained P-Value = 0.19 from P-Value < 0.05. In conclusion, there is an effect of giving red rice (Oryza nivara) and black rice (Oryza sativa L. indica) on changes in blood glucose in people with diabetes mellitus in Kendari City.   Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Blood Glucose Level, Black Rice, Brown Rice

scholarly journals Anthocyanin, nutrient contents, and antioxidant activity of black rice bran of Oryza sativa L. ‘Cempo Ireng’ from Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratiwi Apridamayanti ◽  
Rarastoeti Pratiwi ◽  
Yekti Asih Purwestri ◽  
Woro Anindito Sri Tunjung ◽  
Rumiyati Rumiyati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
Black Rice Bran

The chemical contents and health benefits of black rice bran of some rice cultivars have been investigated. However, there has been little research on the ‘Cempo Ireng’ cultivar from Sleman, Yogyakarta. The aim of this present study was to determine the anthocyanin, antioxidant activity, and macro- and micronutrients contents of black rice bran from this local cultivar. The anthocyanin in the black rice bran was extracted using the maceration method with methanol as a solvent. The extract obtained was separated through a preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC) of silica GF254 and a mobile phase composed of n-butanol, acetic acid, and water. Two fractions were collected and analyzed for the anthocyanin content. The preparative TLC spots were separated for further detection and measurement of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside using HPLC followed by LC-MS. The antioxidant activity of the fractions were measured using the DPPH free radical scavenging method. The results showed that the anthocyanin in fraction 1 was identified as cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (66.1 ± 10.6 µg/g). The IC50 of fractions 1 and 2 were 200.96 and 218.36 µg/mL, respectively. Analysis of the macro- and micronutrients revealed that the black rice bran of ‘Cempo Ireng’ had nutrient contents comparable with other rice cultivars. Therefore, this local black rice bran can be used as a source of antioxidants and macro-- and micronutrients.

scholarly journals Polyploidization Increases the Lipid Content and Improves the Nutritional Quality of Rice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianhua Zhang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Qiang Tu ◽  
Rongrong Chen ◽  
Pincang Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Grouping Pattern ◽  
Amino Acids And Derivatives

Abstract Background: Plant polyploidization is frequently associated with changes in nutrient contents. However, the possible contribution of metabolites to this change has not been investigated by characterizing the metabolite contents of diploid and tetraploid forms of rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Results: We compared the metabolites of a group of diploid–tetraploid japonica brown rice and a group of diploid–tetraploid indica brown rice based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In total, 401 differential expression metabolites were identified between diploids and tetraploids; of these, between the japonica and indica groups, 180 showed opposite expression trends but 221 showed the same trends (141 up-regulated vs 69 down-regulated). Hierarchical cluster analysis of differential metabolites between diploid and tetraploid species showed a clear grouping pattern, in which the relative contents of lipids, amino acids and derivatives, and phenolic acids increased in tetraploids. Further analysis revealed that the lipids in tetraploid rice increased significantly, especially unsaturated fatty acids and phospholipids. Conclusions: This study provides more basis for the changes in rice nutritional quality following polyploidization, and may serve as a new theoretical reference for breeding eutrophic or functional rice varieties via polyploidization.

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