HUBUNGAN OBESITAS DENGAN PENINGKATAN ASAM URAT PADA REMAJA DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA

Abstract: Obesity is a serious and growing problem for healthcare systems in the world and caused by various factors. The most common causes are genetic factors, lack of physical activity or a combination of these factors. If not treated immediately it will have a negative impact on human health in the short term or long term. Uric acid itself is the end product of purine metabolism in humans. The increased uric acid levels are influenced by various factors e.g. genetics, hypothyroidism, obesity, high diet purine. This study aimed to find the correlation between obesity and the increase of uric acid in teenagers. This was an observational analytic designed with cross sectional approach by using consecutive sampling from November to December 2013. In this study there were 30 obese adolescents consisted of 50% males and 50% females. There were 16 adolescents of 14 years old (53.33%) as the largest group. There were 10 (30%) of adolescents with body mass indeces of 28 (the highest number of samples compared to the other body mass indeces). Uric acid test showed increases of uric acid in 15 teens (50%), and the other 15 teens (50%) without increases of uric acid. Conclusion: There is no relationship between obesity and increases of uric acid. Keywords: obesity, uric acid, adolescentObesitas merupakan masalah yang serius dan berkembang untuk sistem kesehatan di dunia. Obesitas diakibatkan oleh berbagai faktor. Penyebab paling umum adalah faktor genetik, kurangnya aktivitas fisik atau kombinasi dari faktor-faktor ini. Jika tidak segera ditangani maka akan berdampak buruk pada kesehatan manusia dalam jangka pendek ataupun jangka panjang. Asam urat sendiri merupakan produk akhir metabolisme purin pada manusia. Penyebab meningkatnya kadar asam urat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai macam faktor contohnya genetik, hipotiroid, obesitas, diet tinggi purin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan obesitas dengan peningkatan asam urat pada remaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang dilakukan dengan cara consecutive sampling dari bulan November sampai Desember 2013. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 30 remaja yang mengalami obesitas. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan 15 remaja perempuan (50%) dan 15 remaja laki-laki (50%). Kelompok umur terbanyak ialah 14 tahun berjumlah 16 remaja (53,33%). Terdapat 10 remaja (30%) yang memiliki indeks massa tubuh 28, dan golongan tersebut memiliki jumlah remaja terbesar dibandingkan golongan indeks masa tubuh lainnya. Hasil pemeriksaan asam urat ditemukan peningkatan sebanyak 15 remaja (50%), dan yang tidak mengalami peningkatan sebanyak 15 remaja (50%). Simpulan: Tidak ada hubungan antara obesitas dengan peningkatan asam urat. Kata kunci: obesitas, asam urat, remaja

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Gambaran Hiperurisemia pada Subyek Keturunan Hipertensi dan Tidak Keturunan Hipertensi

Medical Scope Journal ◽

10.35790/msj.3.1.2021.33044 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

Catrien Berhandus ◽

Jeffrey A. Ongkowijaya ◽

Adeodata M. C. Kaparang

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Family History ◽

Serum Uric Acid ◽

Serum Uric Acid Level ◽

The Other ◽

Dominant Male ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Consecutive Sampling ◽

History Of ◽

Family History Of Hypertension

Abstract: Hypertension is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases worldwide. Hyperuricemia is considered if serum uric acid level >7 mg/dl in men and >6 mg/dl in women. This condition is not only associated with gout but has other associations with various diseases such as cardiovascular disease, systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and hypertension. This study was aimed to obtain the description of serum uric acid levels among people who had family history of hypertension and those who did not. This was a descriptive and observational study with a cross-sectional design. Samples were obtained at Prof. dr. R. D. Kandou Manado by using consecutive sampling, and then were divided into two groups, with and without family history of hypertension; each of 20 people. Of the group with family history of hypertension, 12 were male (60%) and 8 were female (40%), while of the other group, 10 were male (50%) and 10 were female (50%). Based on serum uric acid levels, 6 (30%) of the group with family history of hypertension had hyperuricemia, while 3 (15%) of the other group had hyperuricemia; all of them were male. In conclusion, people with family history of hypertension had hyperuricemia more frequently compared to those without family history of hypertension, with dominant male sex in both groups.Keywords: uric acid; family history of hypertension; hyperuricemia Abstrak: Hipertensi masih merupakan salah satu penyakit kardiovaskular yang paling umum di seluruh dunia. Hiperurisemia ditetapkan bila kadar serum asam urat >7 mg/dl pada laki-laki dan >6 mg/dl pada perempuan. Hiperurisemia tidak hanya berhubungan dengan gout tetapi memiliki hubungan dengan berbagai penyakit seperti penyakit kardiovaskular, inflamasi sistemik, disfungsi endotel, dan hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran asam urat pada subyek keturunan hipertensi dan tidak keturunan hipertensi. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel diperoleh di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado menggunakan consecutive sampling dan dibagi atas dua kelompok, yaitu keturunan hipertensi dan tidak keturunan hipertensi dari hasil anamnesis; masing-masing terdiri dari 20 orang. Dari kelompok keturunan hipertensi didapatkan 12 subyek laki-laki (60%) dan 8 perempuan (40%), sedangkan dari kelompok lainnya sebanyak 10 subyek laki-laki (50%) dan 10 subyek perempuan (50%). Berdasarkan kadar asam urat, dari kelompok keturunan hipertensi sebanyak 6 orang (30%) mengalami hiperurisemia, sedangkan pada kelompok lainnya sebanyak 3 orang (15%) mengalami hiperurisemia. Semua subyek pada kedua kelompok yang mengalami hiperurisemia berjenis kelamin laki-laki. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah subyek keturunan hipertensi lebih banyak mengalami hiperurisemia dibandingkan subyek tidak keturunan hipertensi, dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki dominan pada kedua kelompok.Kata kunci: asam urat; keturunan hipertensi; hiperurisemia

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Hidden “holes” in the capital of banks and the supply of credit to the real sector of economy

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2018-5-49-68 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 49-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. E. Mamonov

Keyword(s):

Credit Risk ◽

The Other ◽

Real Sector ◽

Capital Management ◽

Loan Loss ◽

Short Term ◽

The Real ◽

Ex Post ◽

The One

Our analysis documents that the existence of hidden “holes” in the capital of not yet failed banks - while creating intertemporal pressure on the actual level of capital - leads to changing of maturity of loans supplied rather than to contracting of their volume. Long-term loans decrease, whereas short-term loans rise - and, what is most remarkably, by approximately the same amounts. Standardly, the higher the maturity of loans the higher the credit risk and, thus, the more loan loss reserves (LLP) banks are forced to create, increasing the pressure on capital. Banks that already hide “holes” in the capital, but have not yet faced with license withdrawal, must possess strong incentives to shorten the maturity of supplied loans. On the one hand, it raises the turnovers of LLP and facilitates the flexibility of capital management; on the other hand, it allows increasing the speed of shifting of attracted deposits to loans to related parties in domestic or foreign jurisdictions. This enlarges the potential size of ex post revealed “hole” in the capital and, therefore, allows us to assume that not every loan might be viewed as a good for the economy: excessive short-term and insufficient long-term loans can produce the source for future losses.

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The interplay of gender, social context, and long-term unemployment effects on subjective health trajectories

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10324-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Laura Altweck ◽

Stefanie Hahm ◽

Holger Muehlan ◽

Tobias Gfesser ◽

Christine Ulke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Social Context ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Subjective Health ◽

Short Term ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Health Trajectories ◽

Lower Baseline ◽

Baseline Values

Abstract Background While a strong negative impact of unemployment on health has been established, the present research examined the lesser studied interplay of gender, social context and job loss on health trajectories. Methods Data from the German Socio-Economic Panel was used, which provided a representative sample of 6838 participants. Using latent growth modelling the effects of gender, social context (East vs. West Germans), unemployment (none, short-term or long-term), and their interactions were examined on health (single item measures of self-rated health and life satisfaction respectively). Results Social context in general significantly predicted the trajectories of self-rated health and life satisfaction. Most notably, data analysis revealed that West German women reported significantly lower baseline values of self-rated health following unemployment and did not recover to the levels of their East German counterparts. Only long-term, not short-term unemployment was related to lower baseline values of self-rated health, whereas, in relation to baseline values of life satisfaction, both types of unemployment had a similar negative effect. Conclusions In an economic crisis, individuals who already carry a higher burden, and not only those most directly affected economically, may show the greatest health effects.

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Determinants of Anthropometric Failure Among Tribal Children Younger than 5 Years of Age in Palghar, Maharashtra, India

Food and Nutrition Bulletin ◽

10.1177/0379572120970836 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 55-64

Author(s):

Angeline Jeyakumar ◽

Swapnil Godbharle ◽

Bibek Raj Giri

Keyword(s):

Odds Ratio ◽

Composite Index ◽

Z Score ◽

Short Term ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Crude Odds Ratio ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Child Undernutrition

Background: Measuring undernutrition using composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) and identifying its determinants in tribal regions is essential to recognize the true burden of undernutrition in these settings. Objective: To determine anthropometric failure and its determinants among tribal children younger than 5 years in Palghar, Maharashtra, India. Methods: A cross-sectional survey employing CIAF was performed in children <5 years to estimate undernutrition in the tribal district of Palghar in Maharashtra, India. Anthropometric measurements, maternal and child characteristics were recorded from 577 mother–child pairs in 9 villages. Results: As per Z score, prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight were 48%, 13%, and 43%, respectively. According to CIAF, 66% of children had at least one manifestation of undernutrition and 40% had more than one manifestation of undernutrition. Odds of anthropometric failure were 1.5 times higher among children of mothers who were illiterate (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] =1.57, 95% CI: 1.0-2.3), children who had birth weight >2.5 kg had lesser odds (AOR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.4-0.9) of anthropometric failure, and children who had initiated early breastfeeding had 1.5 times higher odds of anthropometric failure (crude odds ratio: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.0-2.1). However, when adjusted for other independent variables, the results were not significant. Conclusion: The alarming proportion of anthropometric failure among tribal children calls for urgent short-term interventions to correct undernutrition and long-term interventions to improve maternal literacy and awareness to prevent and manage child undernutrition.

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Paleolithic Diet—Effect on the Health Status and Performance of Athletes?

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13031019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 1019

Author(s):

Barbara Frączek ◽

Aleksandra Pięta ◽

Adrian Burda ◽

Paulina Mazur-Kurach ◽

Florentyna Tyrała

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Paleolithic Diet ◽

Short Term ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

The Impact

The aim of this meta-analysis was to review the impact of a Paleolithic diet (PD) on selected health indicators (body composition, lipid profile, blood pressure, and carbohydrate metabolism) in the short and long term of nutrition intervention in healthy and unhealthy adults. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials of 21 full-text original human studies was conducted. Both the PD and a variety of healthy diets (control diets (CDs)) caused reduction in anthropometric parameters, both in the short and long term. For many indicators, such as weight (body mass (BM)), body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC), impact was stronger and especially found in the short term. All diets caused a decrease in total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG), albeit the impact of PD was stronger. Among long-term studies, only PD cased a decline in TC and LDL-C. Impact on blood pressure was observed mainly in the short term. PD caused a decrease in fasting plasma (fP) glucose, fP insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the short run, contrary to CD. In the long term, only PD caused a decrease in fP glucose and fP insulin. Lower positive impact of PD on performance was observed in the group without exercise. Positive effects of the PD on health and the lack of experiments among professional athletes require longer-term interventions to determine the effect of the Paleo diet on athletic performance.

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العلاقة التبادلية بين سعر الصرف وأسعار الأسهم دراسة تطبيقية في سوق اسطنبول للأوراق المالية للمدة 2005-2020

مجلة اقتصاديات الاعمال للبحوث التطبيقية ◽

10.37940/bejar.2021.1.1.3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

سعدالله ألنعيمي

Keyword(s):

Exchange Rate ◽

Stock Prices ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Reciprocal Relationship ◽

Nominal Exchange Rate ◽

Share Price ◽

Theoretical Interpretation ◽

Short Term ◽

The Exchange Rate

The study aims to analyzing the reciprocal relationship between the nominal exchange rate of the Turkish lira versus the U.S. dollar and the stock prices of the companies listed on the Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) expressed in the general market index for the period from 2005 to 2020 with 192 monthly observations, based on the traditional theory and the theory of portfolio balance model in theoretical interpretation for that relationship, aiming to identify the effect of the exchange rate on stock prices, as well as to analyze the causal relationship between those variables and to identify which of them is the cause or which is the result, using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The research found that the exchange rate has a positive effect on stock prices in the long term, despite the emergence of the negative impact in the short term, but the long-term relationship has corrected the course of the short-term relationship with a time period not exceeding one month, in addition to proving that this relationship takes one direction. From the exchange rate towards stock prices, that is, the exchange rate is the reason and stock prices are the result, therefore the results of this research helps investors to predict future trends of stock prices depending on the exchange rate changes, and it also enables the companies, especially those with foreign transactions, to manage price risks the exchange rate in order to avoid its negative impact on its share price, as it represents an obstacle to achieving its main goal of maximizing the share price

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PSIKOEDUKASI MENGENAI DAMPAK BULLYING DAN CARA MENINGKATKAN SELF-ESTEEM PADA REMAJA

Jurnal Bakti Masyarakat Indonesia ◽

10.24912/jbmi.v3i1.8058 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Grace Amin

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Religious Communities ◽

Short Term ◽

Aggressive Action ◽

Effects Of Bullying ◽

Anxiety Depression ◽

The Impact

Bullying is deliberate aggressive action, using an imbalance of strength physically or mentally by hurting physical, verbal, or emotional / psychological forms repeatedly. In the last decade, cases of bullying in Indonesia continue to increase and if not handled properly will increasingly have a negative impact on the development of the children of the nation's next generation. Bullying does not only affect children who are bullied but can also affect children who bully, children who witness bullying. Some of the effects of bullying include anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. The purpose of community engagement is to socialize the impact of bullying and how to increase self-esteem to adolescents. Through psychoeducation programs in adolescents such as schools and teenagers religious communities in the Cikarang - Bekasi region, young people gain an in-depth understanding of bullying, its effects and how to increase their confidence. Through this psychoeducation, teenagers understand the understanding, types and effects of bullying both short term and long term so they promise to resist bullying starting from themselves. Teenagers learn that humans are social beings who need each other. They learn about the meaning of diversity and bhineka tunggal ika and try to implement it in their next lives by respecting the differences in their environment. These teenagers learn to respect themselves more, see the positive things that God has given them. They try to always believe in themselves that they are perfect and valuable beings in God's eyes so that even though the environment around them may not appreciate, they can still see positive things in themselvesABSTRAK:Bullying adalah tindakan agresif yang disengaja, menggunakan ketidakseimbangan kekuatan secara fisik atau mental dengan cara menyakiti bentuk fisik, verbal, atau emosional/ psikologis secara berulang – ulang. Dalam satu decade terakhir, kasus bullying di Indonesia terus meningkat dan bila tidak ditangani dengan baik akan semakin berdampak negative bagi perkembangan anak – anak generasi penerus bangsa. Tindakan bullying tidak hanya berdampak pada anak yang di-bully tetapi juga dapat berdampak pada anak yang mem-bully, anak yang menyaksikan bullying. Beberapa dampak bullying diantaranya kecemasan, depresi, serta rendahnya harga diri (self-esteem). Tujuan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk mensosialisasikan dampak bullying serta cara meningkatkan self-esteem kepada para remaja. Melalui program psikoedukasi di lingkungan remaja seperti sekolah maupun komunitas keagamaan remaja wilayah Cikarang – Bekasi, para remaja mendapatkan pemahaman mendalam mengenai bullying, dampaknya serta bagaimana cara meningkatkan kepercayaan diri mereka. Melalui psikoedukasi ini, para remaja memahami pengertian, jenis serta dampak bullying baik jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang sehingga mereka berjanji untuk bersikap menolak bullying mulai dari diri mereka sendiri. Para remaja belajar bahwa manusia adalah mahluk social yang saling membutuhkan. Mereka belajar tentang makna keberagaman dan Bhineka Tunggal Ika serta berusaha mengimplementasikannya dalam kehidupan mereka selanjutnya dengan cara menghargai perbedaan yang ada di lingkungannya. Remaja ini belajar untuk lebih menghargai diri mereka, melihat hal positif yang telah diberikan Tuhan kepada mereka. Mereka mencoba untuk selalu menanamkan dalam diri bahwa mereka adalah mahluk yang sempurna dan berharga di mata Tuhan sehingga walaupun lingkungan di sekitar mereka mungkin tidak menghargai, mereka tetap dapat melihat hal positif dalam diri mereka.

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Association Between Past Oral Contraceptive Use and the Prevalence of Hypertension in Postmenopausal Women: The Fifth (2010–2012) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V)

10.21203/rs.3.rs-257418/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

JungJu Lee ◽

Hyunsuk Jeong ◽

Joo Hee Yoon ◽

Hyeon Woo Yim

Keyword(s):

Postmenopausal Women ◽

National Health ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Confounding Factors ◽

Nutrition Examination Survey ◽

Short Term ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health And Nutrition

Abstract Background: There is little evidence as to whether the use of oral contraceptives(OC) during the fertile years affects the development of postmenopausal hypertension. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of past use of OC on the development of hypertension in postmenopausal women. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted using data from the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of postmenopausal women. Subjects were classified into three groups based on past OC use duration: nonusers, short-term users(0–30months), and long-term users(≥30 months). We evaluated the development of hypertension in women after menopause. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify the association between the use of OC during the fertile years and the prevalence of hypertension after menopause following adjustment for potential confounding factors. Results: Of the 3,386 postmenopausal women, 2,713 were nonusers of OC, 489 were short-term users, and 184 were long-term users. Women who had used OC for 30 months or more had a significantly greater prevalence of hypertension after menopause than those who had never taken OC. The association between taking OC for 30 months or more during the fertile years and the prevalence of hypertension after menopause was significant following adjustment for potential confounding factors (aOR:1.92; 95%CI:1.22–3.00). Conclusion: This study identified an association between past OC use and an increased prevalence of hypertension in postmenopausal women. Our results suggest that long-term use of OC during the fertile years can be an important risk factor for subsequent hypertension after menopause.

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Will the COVID-19 pandemic lead to a tsunami of suicides? A Swedish nationwide analysis of historical and 2020 data

10.1101/2020.12.10.20244699 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Christian Rück ◽

David Mataix-Cols ◽

Kinda Malki ◽

Mats Adler ◽

Oskar Flygare ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Annual Data ◽

Short Term ◽

Death Rates ◽

Men And Women ◽

Influenza Pandemics ◽

Suicide Rates ◽

Distributed Lag ◽

The Media

ABSTRACTBackgroundVarious surveys have documented a negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the population’s mental health. There is widespread concern about a surge of suicides, but evidence supporting a link between global pandemics and suicide is very limited. Using historical data from the three major influenza pandemics of the 20th century, and recently released data from the first half of 2020, we aimed to investigate whether an association exists between influenza deaths and suicide deaths.MethodsAnnual data on influenza death rates and suicide rates were extracted from the Statistical Yearbook of Sweden from 1910-1978, covering the three 20th century pandemics, and from Statistics Sweden for the period from January to June of each year during 2000-2020. COVID-19 death data were available for the first half of 2020. We implemented non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) models to explore if there is a short-term and/or long-term effect of increases and decreases in influenza death rates on suicide rates during 1910-1978. Analyses were done separately for men and women. Descriptive analyses were used for the available 2020 data.FindingsBetween 1910-1978, there was no evidence of either short-term or long-term significant associations between influenza death rates and changes in suicides. The same pattern emerged in separate analyses for men and women. Suicide rates in January-June 2020 revealed a slight decrease compared to the corresponding rates in January-June 2019 (relative decrease by −1.2% among men and −12.8% among women).InterpretationWe found no evidence of short or long-term association between influenza death rates and suicide death rates across three 20th century pandemics or during the first six months of 2020 (when the first wave of COVID-19 occurred). Concerns about a substantial increase of suicides may be exaggerated. The media should be cautious when reporting news about suicides during the current pandemic.

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Pengaruh Lama Pemakaian Kontrasepsi Depomedroxyprogesteron Asetat Terhadap Kadar LDL dan HDL

Jurnal Endurance ◽

10.22216/jen.v5i1.4331 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 91

Author(s):

Dewi Fransisca ◽

Yanwirasti Yanwirasti ◽

Eliza Anas

Keyword(s):

Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Enzymatic Method ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Consecutive Sampling ◽

The Subject ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Injectable Contraceptives

Injection contraception is one of the popular contraceptive methods, widely used by KB acceptors (40,88%). Second place is pill contraception (28,48%). Depo Medroxyprogesteron Acetate (DMPA) is one of the injectable contraceptives that is widely used kb acceptor. DMPA has several side effects include changes in serum lipid metabolism in the long-term use. This study aims to the effect of the duration of the use depo medroxyprogesterone acetate on the levels of LDL and HDL. The study was conducted in Lubuk Buaya Public Health and Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Andalas Padang in September 2016 to January 2017. Type of study was observational using cross sectional design. Samples numbered 32 people, consisting of two groups of depo medroxyprogesterone acetate acceptor > 3 years, depo medroxyprogesterone acetate acceptors < 3 years. This samples was taken using consecutive sampling technique. Blood was collected from the subject of research by intravenous and measured by Colorimetric Enzymatic Method (CHOD-PAP) for LDL and HDL. The average LDL in two groups study was 93.29 ± 22.83 mg/dl, 90.51 ± 18.22 mg/dl. The average HDL in the two groups study was 70,04 ± 16,4 mg/dl, 65,98 ± 9,7 mg/dl.

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