scholarly journals Computer Vision Syndrome

e-CliniC ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean Dotulong ◽  
Laya M. Rares ◽  
Imelda H. M. Najoan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
General View ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Computer Vision Syndrome ◽  
And Gender

Abstract: Computer vision syndrome (CVS) describes a group of eye and vision related problems that result from prolonged computer use or other gadgets. Its clinical manifestations maybe are not very disturbing for most people. Therefore, it tends to cause delayed treatment. If CVS is not well treated, there would be obstacles in daily life such as decreased productivity, increased failure in working or studying, and also low job satisfaction. This study was aimed to obtain a general view of CVS that involved the development of CVS, subjective complaints, and the its risk factors. This was a literature review study using three databases, as follows: Pubmed, ClinicalKey, and Google Scholar. The keywords were "Computer Vision Syndrome". The results showed that the most frequent complaints were eyestrain, neck pain, and headache, meanwhile the others complaints varied among literatures. The risk factors of CVS were usage of eyeglasses and contact lens, eye distance to the monitor, monitor position, duration of usage, break time, lighting intensity, age and gender, anti-glare filter usage, and brightness. In conclusion, the main complaints of CVS involved the eyes, head, and neck (ocular and non-ocular), meanwhile the risk factors were related to the usage of eyeglasses or contact lens, computer, lighting, and individual factors.Keywords: computer vision syndrome Abstrak: Computer vision syndrome (CVS) adalah sekumpulan gejala pada mata yang dise-babkan oleh penggunaan komputer atau alat elektronik lainnya dalam waktu cukup lama. Manifestasi klinis CVS mungkin dirasakan tidak parah dan tidak mengganggu bagi sebagian orang. Hal tersebut memicu keterlambatan dalam pengobatan.. Dampak yang selanjutnya terjadi jika CVS tidak diatasi ialah adanya hambatan dalam aktivitas sehari-hari seperti penurunan produktivitas kerja, peningkatan tingkat kesalahan dalam bekerja atau belajar, dan penurunan kepuasan kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui CVS secara umum yang meliputi proses terjadinya CVS, keluhan subjektif, serta faktor risikonya. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review dengan pencarian data menggunakan tiga database yaitu Pubmed, ClinicalKey, dan Google Scholar. Kata kunci yang digunakan yaitu "Computer Vision Syndrome". Hasil peneli-tian menunjukkan bahwa keluhan-keluhan yang muncul paling sering yaitu mata lelah, nyeri leher, dan nyeri kepala, sedangkan keluhan lainnya bervariasi antar penelitian. Faktor risiko yang berpengaruh yaitu penggunaan kacamata dan lensa kontak, jarak mata dengan layar, posisi layar komputer, durasi penggunaan, pola istirahat, intensitas pencahayaan ruangan, usia, jenis kelamin, penggunaan anti-glare filter, dan kecerahan layar. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah keluhan pada CVS dapat terkait dengan mata dan kepala sampai ke leher (okuler dan non-okuler), dan faktor risikonya berhubungan dengan pemakaian kacamata dan lensa kontak, komputer, pencahayaan, dan faktor individual.Kata kunci: computer vision syndrome

TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACKS: ETIOPATHOGENESIS, CLINIC. (Literature review)

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
Г.Ж. Жакенова ◽  
Р.Б. Нуржанова ◽  
К.Б. Сраилова ◽  
Ж.С. Шерияздан ◽  
А.Б. Ташманова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Transient Ischemic Attacks ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Imaging Signs

В данной статье представлен обзор литературы по транзиторным ишемическим атакам: эпидемиология, этиология, патогенез, классификация, основные характеристики с учетом факторов риска, визуализационных признаков МРТ и КТ, клинических проявлений и дифференциальной диагностики данного заболевания на основе современных исследований. This article presents a review of the literature on transient ischemic attacks: epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, classification, main characteristics taking into account risk factors, imaging signs of MRI and CT, clinical manifestations and differential diagnosis of this disease based on modern research.

scholarly journals COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME: PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG UNDERGRADUATES IN A TERTIARY INSTITUTION IN NORTH WESTERN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Nwankwo B ◽  
◽  
Mumueh KP ◽  
Olorukooba AA ◽  
Usman NO
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Computer Use ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tertiary Institution ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Computer Vision Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Computers and other visual display devices have become essential in the present era and have led to a rise in computer-related health problems. Using computers in homes, universities and other institutions has increased output greatly but has also led to an increased risk of developing Computer vision syndrome (CVS). Objectives: To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with computer vision syndrome among undergraduates. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among153 respondents who were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. A pretested, structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. SPSS version 23 was used to analyze the data. A Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between CVS and associated risk factors at a P-value of <0.05. Results: The mean age of respondents was 22.4 ± 3.4 years. The prevalence of CVS in this study was 83 (54.3%). The common symptoms experienced among the respondents were headache (51, 61.4%), eye strain (48, 57.8%) and blurred vision (42, 50.6%). The risk factors significantly associated with CVS in this study were duration of computer use, hours of computer use per day, level of a computer screen and taking breaks during computer use. Conclusion: About half of the students in this study had at least one symptom of CVS. Therefore, awareness of CVS should be created by the institution during which students would be educated on CVS and its prevention.

scholarly journals Computer vision syndrome among computer office workers in a developing country: an evaluation of prevalence and risk factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ranasinghe ◽  
W. S. Wathurapatha ◽  
Y. S. Perera ◽  
D. A. Lamabadusuriya ◽  
S. Kulatunga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Office Workers ◽  
Computer Vision Syndrome

scholarly journals Risk factors and molecular entities of the etiopathogenesis of the knee osteoarthritis (literature review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-120
Author(s):  
V.B. Novakov ◽  
◽  
O.N. Novakova ◽  
M.I. Churnosov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Joint Involvement ◽  
Knee Oa

Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is a heterogenic group of disorders of different etiology with similar biological, morphological and clinical manifestations and outcomes. OA is now considered a disease of the whole joint, including alterations in the articular cartilage, subchondral bone, synovial membrane, ligaments, capsule and periarticular muscles. OA of the knee as the most commonly affected joint accounts for the great medical, medical, social and economic impact. Material and methods A literature review assessing Russian and foreign studies on molecular mechanisms of etiology and pathogenesis of knee OA identified a set of factors for which there was consistent evidence for their association with onset of knee OA. A search of studies published in Russian and in English for the last ten years was conducted using bibliographic databases, including PubMed, PubMedCentral, GoogleScholar, eLIBRARY. Search terms included 'knee osteoarthritis', 'etiology', 'pathogenesis', 'risk factors'. Results Review of the literature showed that patients with knee OA are characterized by changes in cartilage, subchondral bone, synovium, suggesting common mechanisms of joint degeneration during OA development. Osteoarthritis (OA) is multifactorial in origin and closely associated with a wide spectrum of local (previous injury, muscle weakness, knee malalignment, knee surgeries, abnormal mechanical loading, excessive high impact sports, occupational physical activities) and systemic risk factors (advanced age, female sex, height, greater body mass index and obesity, hormone status, family history, mineral bone density, vitamin D deficiency, ethnicity). The prevalence of the knee OA and patterns of joint involvement vary among different racial and ethnic groups. Conclusion The literature review allowed us to identify the molecular mechanisms of etiopathogenesis of knee OA and the major risk factors for the pathology.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Emerging Nosocomial Wickerhamomyces anomalus Infections at a Chinese Tertiary Teaching Hospital and a Systemic Review: Clinical Manifestations, Risk Factors, Treatment, Outcomes, and Anti-fungal Susceptibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Meng Xiao ◽  
Amir Arastehfar ◽  
Macit Ilkit ◽  
Jun Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Wickerhamomyces Anomalus ◽  
Tertiary Teaching

Wickerhamomyces anomalus is an emerging pathogen, which has been associated with clonal outbreaks and poor clinical outcomes. Despite being an important emerging yeasts species, our understanding concerning the microbiological and clinical characteristics of infections due to this species is limited. Herein, we are reporting a retrospective analysis of fungemia patients with W. anomalus from a 2,100-bed hospital in Shanghai during 2014–2016. Moreover, we conducted an extensive literature review to gain a deeper clinical and microbiological insights. Detailed clinical data were recorded. Antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) followed CLSI M27-A3, and isolates were identified using MALDI-TOF MS. In total, 13 patients were identified with a mortality rate of 38.5% (5/13). Central venous catheter (CVC), broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, total parenteral nutrition (TPN), surgery, and mechanical ventilation were the most frequently observed risk factors. Eight patients (61.5%) experienced mixed bacterial/Candida bloodstream infections, and four patients developed mixed candidemia (MC). W. anomalus isolates showed high minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against all azoles tested and flucytosine, while AMB showed the highest in vitro activity. Azoles were used for 84.6% (11/13) of the cases, while 36.4% (4/11) of them died. When combining with the AFST data and the literature review, our study highlights the poor efficacy of azoles and optimal efficacy of AMB and LAMB against infections caused by W. anomalus. In conclusion, our study highlights the emerging threat of W. anomalus affecting both neonates and adults. Furthermore, our results advocate the use of AMB formulations rather than azoles among patients infected with W. anomalus. Future studies are warranted to reach a definitive consensus regarding the utility of echinocandins among such patients.

scholarly journals Manifestasi Oral Infeksi COVID-19

e-GIGI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Yobel R. Woran ◽  
Lydia E. N. Tendean ◽  
Christy N. Mintjelungan
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
Dental Instruments ◽  
Patients Experience

Abstract: The COVID-19 outbreak is caused by SARS-CoV-2 that spread rapidly throughout the world. The most common clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are fever, fatigue, and dry cough. Some patients experience nasal congestion, runny nose, headache, conjunctivitis, sore throat, diarrhea, skin rash, loss of smell and taste. Oral manifestations of COVID-19 infection are also reported. Dentists are prone to cross-infections of several infectious diseases because they are often exposed to saliva and blood. These viruses are transmitted through inhalation of aerosols and droplets containing the viruses or direct contact with mucous membranes, oral fluids, dental instruments, and surfaces contaminated with the virus. This study was aimed to determine the oral manifestations of COVID-19 infection. This was a literature review study searching three databases, namely Pubmed, ClinicalKey and Google Scholar. The keywords used were oral AND manifestations AND COVID-19. Selection based on inclusion and exclusion criteria was carried out by critical appraisal. There were eight literatures in the form of case reports. The results showed that oral manifestations commonly found in patients with clinical COVID-19 were ulcers, petechiae, macules, and plaques with variations in quantity, color appearance, and localization. Lesions were found on the palate, tongue, labial mucosa, gingiva, lips, and oropharynx. In conclusion, oral manifestations could be found in clinical COVID-19 patients, however, it is not certain whether these manifestations are directly caused by SARS-CoV-2 or are as secondary manifestations.Keywords: oral manifestations; COVID-19 Abstrak: Wabah COVID-19 disebabkan oleh SARS-CoV-2 yang menyebar dengan cepat hingga ke seluruh dunia. Infeksi COVID-19 mempunyai manifestasi klinis paling umum seperti demam, rasa lelah, dan batuk kering. Beberapa pasien mengalami hidung tersumbat, pilek, nyeri kepala, konjungtivitis, sakit tenggorokan, diare, ruam kulit, hilang penciuman dan pengecapan. Bahkan terdapat laporan penemuan manifestasi oral pada infeksi COVID-19. Dokter gigi sebagai profesi yang rentan terjadi infeksi silang beberapa penyakit menular karena sering terpapar dengan saliva dan darah. Virus ini memungkinkan terjadinya penularan lewat terhirupnya aerosol dan droplet yang mengandung virus atau kontak langsung dengan membran mukosa, cairan mulut, instrumen kedokteran gigi dan permukaan yang terkontaminasi virus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manifestasi oral infeksi COVID-19. Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literature review dengan pencarian menggunakan tiga database yaitu Pubmed, ClinicalKey dan Google Scholar. Kata kunci yang digunakan yaitu oral AND manifestations AND COVID-19. Setelah seleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi dilakukan critical appraisal dan didapatkan delapan literatur yang berupa laporan kasus.Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa manifestasi oral pada pasien klinis COVID-19 yang sering ditemukan, seperti ulkus, petekie, makula, dan plak dengan variasi kuantitas, penampakan warna, dan lokalisasi. Lokasi lesi ditemukan pada palatum, lidah, mukosa labial, gingiva, bibir dan orofaring. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah manifestasi oral dapat ditemukan pada pasien klinis COVID-19 tetapi belum diketahui pasti apakah secara langsung disebabkan oleh SARS-CoV-2 atau merupakan manifestasi sekunder.Kata kunci: manifestasi oral; COVID-19

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kafein terhadap Tekanan Intraokular

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Juanito ◽  
Wenny P. Supit ◽  
Laya M. Rares
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
Review Study

Abstract: High intraocular pressure (IOP) is one of the risk factors of glaucoma or worsening of its prognosis. There are a lot of external factors that can affect IOP inter alia exercise, as well as some food and drinks. One of the drinks that could affect IOP is coffee that contains caffeine. This study was aimed to evaluate whether caffeine had an effect on IOP. This was a literature review study using 4 data bases, as follows: Clinical Key, Pub-med, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The keywords were Caffeine OR Coffee OR Tea AND IOP OR Intraocular Pressure. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 literatures were selected. The results showed that some literatures reported an increase in IOP after caffeine consumption, the others reported a decrease in IOP, meanwhile some others did not find any change of IOP. In conclusion, the effect of caffeine on IOP was acute. People who had high intensity of caffeine consumption had a more significant increase in IOP after consuming caffeine.Keywords: caffeine, intraocular pressure (IOP)  Abstrak: Peningkatan tekanan intraokular (TIO) merupakan salah satu faktor risiko untuk terjadinya glaukoma atau memperburuk prognosis glaukoma. Terdapat banyak faktor eksternal yang dapat memengaruhi TIO, antara lain olahraga, minuman, dan makanan. Salah satu minuman yang dapat memengaruhi TIO ialah kopi yang mengandung kafein. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh kafein pada tekanan intraokular. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review. Pencarian data menggunakan empat database yaitu Clinical key, PubMed, Google scholar, dan Science direct. Kata kunci yang digunakan yaitu Caffeine OR Coffee OR Tea AND IOP OR Intraocular Pressure. Seleksi data berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi mendapatkan 10 literatur. Hasil kajian mendapatkan bahwa beberapa penelitian melaporkan adanya peningkatan TIO setelah konsumsi kafein, penelitian lain melaporkan penurunan TIO, dan terdapat pula penelitian yang tidak menemukan perubahan apapun. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pengaruh kafein pada TIO hanya berlangsung akut. Individu yang memiliki intensitas konsumsi kafein lebih tinggi menunjukkan peningkatan TIO yang lebih nyata setelah mengonsumsi kafein.Kata kunci: kafein, tekanan intraokular (TIO) 

scholarly journals Diagnosis Akut Abdomen akibat Peritonitis

e-CliniC ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalita Mannana ◽  
Stephanus J. Ch. Tangel ◽  
Eko Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Secondary Peritonitis ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Clinical Impression ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Rebound Tenderness

Abstract: Peritonitis is defined as inflammation of serosal membrane that lines the abdominal cavity (peritoneum) and the organs contained therein. Secondary peritonitis accounts for 1% of urgent emergent hospital admidssions and is the second leading cause of sepsis in patients in intensive care units globally. Despite the growth in the availability of imaging and laboratory test, the rapid diagnosis of peritonitis remains a challenge for physicians in emergency medicine, surgery, and critical care. This study was aimed to obtain the rapid and appropriate diagnostic methods of secondary peritonitis. This was a literature review study using databases of PubMed, ClinicalKey, and Google Scholar on topics related to the diagnosis of secondary peritonitis. The results showed that there were 12 literatures in this study consisting of 5 review articles, 1 literature review, and 6 prospective studies. The literatures reviewed the diagnosis of secondary peritonitis based on clinical manifestations, physical examination, and the other examinations including laboratory examination, abdominal ultrasound, and abdominal CT scan. In conclusion, the diagnosis of secondary peritonitis is based on clinical manifestation including abdominal pain, rigidity, and rebound tenderness. These sign and symptoms may be supported by laboratory and radiology findings as additional tests if needed. Abdominal ultrasonography is the most practical and non-invasive radiology test for rapid diagnostic in a subgroup of patients with secondary peritonitis whose clinical impression is unclear.                            Keywords: Secondary Peritonitis, Diagnosis of Secondary Peritonitis, Acute Abdomen Abstrak: Peritonitis adalah inflamasi pada selaput serosa yang membungkus rongga abdomen (peritoneum) dan organ yang terkandung di dalamnya. Peritonitis sekunder menyumbang 1% insiden pada pasien yang masuk di UGD dan merupakan penyebab utama kedua terjadinya sepsis pada pasien di ICU secara global. Di tengah perkembangan ketersediaan pemeriksaan radiologi dan laboratorium yang pesat, diagnosis yang cepat pada peritonitis masih menjadi tantangan bagi para dokter dalam penanganan darurat, pembedahan, dan perawatan pasien kritis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui metode diagnosis yang cepat dan tepat pada peritonitis sekunder. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review menggunakan database PubMed, ClinicalKey, dan Google Scholar. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 12 literatur terdiri dari 5 review article, 1 literature review, dan 6 prospective study yang mengulas tentang diagnosis peritonitis sekunder ditegakkan berdasarkan manifestasi klinis, pemeriksaan fisik, dan berbagai pemeriksaan penunjang lainnya yang mencakup pemeriksaan laboratorium, USG abdomen, dan CT scan abdomen. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah diagnosis peritonitis sekunder ditegakkan berdasarkan manifestasi klinis seperti nyeri abdomen, rigiditas, dan rebound tenderness. Tanda dan gejala ini dapat didukung oleh temuan radiologi dan laboratorium sebagai pemeriksaan tambahan bila diperlukan. USG abdomen merupakan pemeriksaan radiologi yang paling praktis dan non-invasif untuk diagnosis cepat pada kelompok pasien peritonitis sekunder dengan kesan klinis yang tidak jelas.Kata kunci: peritonitis sekunder, diagnosis peritonitis sekunder, akut abdomen

scholarly journals Computer Vision Syndrome and Associated Factors among Computer Users in Debre Tabor Town, Northwest Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awrajaw Dessie ◽  
Fentahun Adane ◽  
Ansha Nega ◽  
Sintayehu Daba Wami ◽  
Daniel Haile Chercos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Computer Users ◽  
Computer Usage ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Computer Vision Syndrome ◽  
Debre Tabor

Background. Globally, computer is one of the common office tools used in various institutions. Using computer for prolonged time led to the users at greater health risk of computer vision syndrome (CVS). Computer vision syndrome is the leading occupational health problem of the twenty-first century. About 70 percent of computer users are suffered from CVS. Besides the health problems, CVS causes inefficiency at workplace and deteriorate quality of work. The problem of CVS and its risk factors are not well known in Ethiopia. Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of CVS and associated factors among computer user government employees in Debre Tabor town from February to March, 2016. Multistage random sampling method was applied to select 607 study participants, and the data were collected by using a structured questionnaire. Computer vision syndrome was measured by self-reported method. Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed using SPSS version 20. Significance level was obtained at 95% CI and p value < 0.05. Results. The prevalence of CVS was 422 (69.5%) with 95% CI of 65.60, 73.0%. Blurred vision, eyestrain, and eye irritation were the commonest reported symptoms of CVS with proportion of 62.60%, 47.63%, and 47.40%, respectively. Occupation: officer (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.74) and secretary (AOR = 9.17), daily computer usage (AOR: 2.29), and preexisting eye disease (AOR = 3.19) were risk factors for CVS. However, computer users with high payment, who took regular health break, and with good knowledge on computer safety measures were less impacted by CVS. Conclusion. The prevalence of computer vision syndrome was found to be higher in Debre Tabor town. Monthly income, occupation, daily computer usage, regular health break, knowledge, and preexisting eye disease were predictor variables for CVS. Optimizing exposure time, improving awareness on safety measures, and management support are important to tackle CVS.

Effect of contact lens use on Computer Vision Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Tauste ◽  
Elena Ronda ◽  
María-José Molina ◽  
Mar Seguí
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Computer Vision Syndrome
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