scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI REMBESAN LIMBAH CAIR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE GEOLISTRIK RESISTIVITAS KONFIGURASI WENNER-SCHLUMBERGER STUDI KASUS TPA SUMOMPO, MANADO

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friska Datunsolang ◽  
Gerald Tamuntuan ◽  
As'ari As'ari
Keyword(s):  
Resistivity Measurement ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contaminated Groundwater ◽  
Low Resistivity ◽  
Porous Region ◽  
Geoelectric Resistivity

IDENTIFIKASI REMBESAN LIMBAH CAIR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE GEOLISTRIK RESISTIVITAS KONFIGURASI WENNER-SCHLUMBERGER STUDI KASUS TPA SUMOMPO, MANADO ABSTRAK Limbah cair atau lindi yang merupakan hasil degradasi sampah terutama pada lokasi tempat pengelolaan akhir (TPA) dapat meresap ke dalam tanah hingga mencemari sumber air tanah. Karena prosesnya yang terjadi dibawah permukaan maka penyebaran limbah cair relatif sulit untuk dideteksi. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan pengukuran geolistrik resistivitas untuk mengidentifikasi adanya rembesan serta penyebaran limbah cair disekitar TPA. Penelitian dilaksanakan disekitar TPA Sumompo, Manado dengan menggunakan konfigurasi Wenner-Schlumberger pada lima lintasan yang masing-masing berjarak 50 m. Data pengukuran selanjutnya diinversi dengan menggunakan software Res2dinv hingga memunculkan profil resistivitas 2D. Hasil analisis menunjukan adanya zona-zona resistivitas rendah yang diperkirakan sebagai daerah porous tersaturasi fluida. Pada lintasan 1, zona tersebut diinterpretasikan sebagai daerah rembesan dan akumulasi lindi, sementara pada lintasan-lintasan yang lain diperkirakan sebagai zona air tanah yang berpotensi tercemar lindi. Kata kunci: Geolistrik,Lindi, TPA Sumompo IDENTIFICATION LIQUID OF WASTE BY USING GEOELECTRIC RESISTIVITY WENNER-SCHLUMBERGER CONFIGURATION THE LANDFILL STUDIES IN SUMOMPO,MANADO ABSTRACT Liquid waste or leachate which is the result of degradation of litter, especially in location where the final manegement of (TPA) can seep into the soil to contaminate groundwater sources. Because the process is going on under the surface of the liquid waste then spread relatively difficult to detect. This research has been conducted geoelectric resistivity measurement to identify the presence of wastewater seepage and spread around the landfill. Research conducted around the landfill Sumompo, Manado using Wenner-Schlumberger configuration on five tracks, each of which is 50 meters away. The next measurement data using software RES2DINV inverted to bring up the 2D profile. The result of the analysis showed the presence of low resistivity zones were estimated as the fluid saturated porous region. On track 1, the zone is interpreted as the accumulation of leachate seepage and region, while at the other trajectories  estimated as zona of potentially contaminated groundwater leachete. Keywords: Geoelectric, Leachate, TPA Sumompo

Improvement of Surface Texture of Stainless Steel by Utilizing Dry Blasting - 3rd Report: Effect of Blasted Texture on Adhesion of Plating -

2007 ◽  
Vol 329 ◽  
pp. 353-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazushi Minaki ◽  
Koichi Kitajima ◽  
Yu Nakahira ◽  
K. Minaki ◽  
Moriyasu Izawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electric Charge ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Scratch Test ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
The Other ◽  
Abrasive Grain ◽  
Limited Basis ◽  
Near Future

Recently, wet blasting is generally used such as liquid honing and water jet machining in surface before plating of stainless steel. The outstanding feature of wet blasting is to prevent generation of static electric charge, to use micro abrasive grain, and to have cushioning for workpiece. On the other hand, the disadvantage of wet blasting is to generate corrosion of equipment and liquid waste under processing. Moreover, the using abrasive grain is available on a limited basis. In particular, improvement disposal of liquid waste under processing is crucial in the near future. This paper makes proposal for improvement of surface texture by utilizing dry blasting, and it conducts improvement of surface texture about martensite stainless steel (SUS420J2 In JIS), which is used in material for scale. In the previous report, it has been cleared that relationship between surface texture and wettability. In this report, adhesion of plating was measured by scratch test. As a result, it was cleared that availability of adhesion evaluation by utilizing wettability.

scholarly journals PEMETAAN AKUIFER AIR TANAH DI JALAN RINGROAD KELURAHAN MALENDENG DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE GEOLISTRIK TAHANAN JENIS

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Sedana ◽  
As’ari As’ari ◽  
Adey Tanauma
Keyword(s):  
Geophysical Method ◽  
Low Resistivity ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Groundwater Aquifers ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Geoelectric Resistivity ◽  
Subsurface Exploration

PEMETAAN AKUIFER AIR TANAH DI JALAN RINGROAD KELURAHAN MALENDENG DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE GEOLISTRIK TAHANAN JENIS ABSTRAK Geolistrik merupakan salah satu metode geofisika yang dimanfaatkan dalam eksplorasi alam bawah permukaan. Prinsip kerja metode geolistrik adalah mempelajari aliran listrik di dalam bumi dan cara mendeteksinya di permukaan bumi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan akuifer Airtanah di Jalan Ringroad Kelurahan Malendeng berdasarkan resistivitas batuan bawah permukaan. Penelitian terdiri dari 4 titik sounding pada 1 lintasan dengan jarak setiap titik 40 meter. Hasil eksplorasi diolah dengan menggunakan software IP2WIN untuk melihat data perlapisan di bawah permukaan tanah berdasarkan nilai resistivitasnya (2D) dan pesebaran titik – titik terdapatnya akuifer Airtanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akuifer Airtanah berada pada daerah yang dekat sungai yaitu pada titik 4 yang memiliki nilai resistivitas rendah kurang dari 123 Ωm. Kata kunci : Geolistrik tahanan jenis, akuifer Airtanah, software IP2WIN.   THE MAPPING OF GROUNDWATER AQUIFERS AT THE RINGROAD MALENDENG VILLAGE BY USING GEOELECTRIC RESISTIVITY METHOD ABSTRACT Geoelectric is a geophysical method that is utilized in natural subsurface exploration. The working principle of geoelectric method is to study the flow of electricity in the earth and how to detect them in the earth's surface. This study aims to map the aquifer Groundwater at the Ringroad Malendeng village based resistivity of the subsurface rocks. The study consisted of four points on 1-sounding track with the distance of each point 40 meters. Exploration results were processed using software IP2WIN to view data subsurface layering based on the value of the resistivity (2D) and  point - the point of the presence of Groundwater aquifers. The results showed that the aquifer Groundwater is the area near the river is at point 4 which has a low resistivity value of less than 123 Ωm. Keywords: Geolistrik resistivity, Groundwater aquifers, IP2WIN software.

Relationships between the anisotropy parameters for transversely isotropic mudrocks

Geophysics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. MR195-MR203
Author(s):  
Fuyong Yan ◽  
Lev Vernik ◽  
De-Hua Han
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Seismic Anisotropy ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Anisotropy Parameter ◽  
Transversely Isotropic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Directional Bias ◽  
Empirical Relations ◽  
Anisotropy Parameters

Studying the empirical relations between seismic anisotropy parameters is important for the simplification and practical applications of seismic anisotropy. The elastic properties of mudrocks are often described by transverse isotropy. Knowing the elastic properties in the vertical and horizontal directions, a sole oblique anisotropy parameter determines the pattern of variation of the elastic properties of a transversely isotropic (TI) medium in all of the other directions. The oblique seismic anisotropy parameter [Formula: see text], which determines seismic reflection moveout behavior, is important in anisotropic seismic data processing and interpretation. Compared to the other anisotropy parameters, the oblique anisotropy parameter is more sensitive to the measurement error. Although, theoretically, only one oblique velocity is needed to determine the oblique anisotropy parameter, the uncertainty can be greatly reduced if multiple oblique velocities in different directions are measured. If a mudrock is not a perfect TI medium but it is expediently treated as one, then multiple oblique velocity measurements in different directions should lead to a more representative approximation of [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] because the directional bias can be reduced. Based on a data quality analysis of the laboratory seismic anisotropy measurement data from the literature, we found that there are strong correlations between the oblique anisotropy parameter and the principal anisotropy parameters when data points of more uncertainty are excluded. Examples of potential applications of these empirical relations are discussed.

scholarly journals Analysis of the load capacity of the bolt joints of collecting electrodes with the rapper rod

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 00004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Nowak ◽  
Mirosław Kurz
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Model ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impulse Force ◽  
Made In

This article presents an analysis of the load capacity of the bolt joints of collecting electrodes with the rapper rod, made in HUCK technology. A discrete model of the system of electrodes was worked out for the analysis of stresses in bolt joints, the validation of which was made on the basis of measurement data obtained on the test bench. Two variants of joining the plates of electrodes with the rapper rod were taken into account in calculations - the first one with the correct geometry in the rapper rod, the other one with an eccentric displacement of holes in the flat bars of the rapper rod. In both variants the modelled system was loaded with the impulse force corresponding to the impact of the hammer against the anvil, with the run obtained from measurements on the test bench. These models and the related calculations were performed in the ABAQUS environment. As a result of the analyses performed, recommendations were worked out intended to eliminate cases of the destruction of bolt joints closest to the anvil of the rapper rod.

Determination of liquid-solid partition coefficients (Kd) of radionuclide anionic species from a contaminated aquifer

2002 ◽  
Vol 713 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Carona ◽  
Michael K. Haas ◽  
Edward L. Cooper ◽  
David E. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Contaminated Groundwater ◽  
Batch Method ◽  
Soil Material ◽  
Waste Discharge ◽  
Dissolved Organics ◽  
Kd Values ◽  
Anionic Species ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Exchange Resins

ABSTRACTContaminated groundwater from a former liquid waste discharge area at the Chalk River Laboratories was treated with ion exchange resins to isolate aqueous extracts of selected radionuclides (60Co, 106Ru, 137Cs, 238Pu, 239/240Pu, 241Am and 244Cm). The extracts were then mixed with native uncontaminated soil material to determine their liquid-solid partitioning coefficients (Kd). Separate Kd values of the same elements were also obtained with the usual short-term “batch” technique for comparison, but using different radioisotopes as tracers (57Co and 134Cs), spiked to the extracts. The comparison included separate Kd determinations with 239/240Pu and 241Am as tracers, added to uncontaminated groundwater.In all cases, the radionuclides originally present in the contaminated groundwater extracts exhibited low Kd values, compared to the values obtained in the “batch” method with tracers (57Co, 134Cs, 239/240Pu and 241Am). The difference was up to two orders of magnitude. This was attributed to differences in aqueous speciation of the nuclides in the contaminated groundwater, allowing limited interactions of complexed radionuclide species with soil material. Our results indicated that all the radionuclides were predominantly in anionic form in the groundwater, whereas in the tracer “batch” experiment, 57Co and 134Cs were predominantly cationic, Pu and Am were predominantly anionic. Hydrolysis partially explains the dominant anionic character of Am and Pu in the tracer experiments, however dissolved organics are suspected to dominate the speciation of the radionuclides in contaminated groundwater. Our experiment implies that in some cases, if Kd values obtained using the “batch” method with tracers are used in transport models, radionuclide transport could be underestimated.

Electrical and Optical Properties of High Mobility W-doped In2O3 Thin Films

2007 ◽  
Vol 1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Gupta ◽  
K. Ghosh ◽  
S. R. Mishra ◽  
P. K. Kahol
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Oxygen Pressure ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Quartz Substrate ◽  
Resistivity Measurement ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Metallic Behavior ◽  
Low Resistivity ◽  
Good Transparency

AbstractTransparent conducting oxides (TCO) have been widely used for opto-electronic devices such as light emitting diodes, photo-detectors, touch panels, flat panel displays, and solar cells. Low resistivity, high mobility, and good transparency are the prime requirements for these devices. There is an increasing interest in TCO with high mobility to decrease their electrical resistivity without a significant decrease in the optical transparency. Highly conducting and transparent tungsten doped indium oxide thin films were deposited on quartz substrate by ablating the sintered In2O3 target containing WO3 with a KrF excimer laser (λ = 248 nm and pulsed duration of 20 ns). The effect of growth temperature and oxygen pressure on structural, optical, and electrical properties has been studied. The transparency of the films largely depends on the growth temperature. The electrical properties are found to depend strongly on the growth temperature as well as on oxygen pressure. The temperature dependence resistivity measurement shows the transition from semiconductor to metallic behavior as the growth temperature increases from room temperature to 500 °C. The high mobility (up to 358 cm2V−1s−1), low resistivity (1.1 × 10−4 Ω.cm), and relatively high transmittance of ∼90 % have been observed on the optimized film grown at 500 °C and under oxygen pressure at 1 × 10−6 bar.

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS FOTOREDUKSI ION Cu(II) TERKATALISIS TiO2 DALAM LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI KERAJINAN PERAK DI DESA UNGGA KEC. PRAYA LOMBOK TENGAH

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Husnul Hatimah Husnul Hatimah
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Pure Tio2 ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Tio2 Photocatalyst ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Uv Lamps ◽  
Closed Reactor

This research has been done to study the effect of addition of TiO2 photocatalyst in liquid waste of silver industry in Ungga Village, Kec. Praya Kab. Central Lombok on the effectiveness of photoreduction of Cu (II) ions which are catalyzed by TiO2. The photoreduction process is carried out by irradiating liquid waste containing Cu (II) ions without or with the addition of TiO2 photocatalyst powder in a closed reactor equipped with UV lamps. The photoreduction process conditions are 50 mL of silver waste containing Cu (II) with reaction time for 24 hours and a mass of TiO2 20 mg at each 10 ppm Cu (II) ion concentration. The photoreduction results are determined by the difference in the concentration of the starting Cu (II) ions with the residual Cu (II) ion concentration in the silver craft waste without or with the addition of TiO2 photocatalyst. Furthermore, the data obtained were compared to the results of photoreduction of Cu (II) ions pure TiO2 laboratory scale. The amount of metal in the mixture was determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric Method (AAS). The results showed that in silver handicraft waste containing Cu (II) ions, the addition of TiO2 can increase the effectiveness of the Cu (II) ion photoreduction from 6.57% to 33.38%, which begins with the adsorption process. The other ions cause inter-reduction competition metals so as to decrease the effectiveness of TiO2 catalysed Ti (II) ionic ferrication in silver handicrafts waste in Ungga Village Kec. Praya Kab.central Lombok

Electrical-resistivity characterization of an industrial site using long electrodes

Geophysics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. WA95-WA104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale F. Rucker ◽  
Meng H. Loke ◽  
Marc T. Levitt ◽  
Gillian E. Noonan
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Low Resistivity ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Survey ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Tank Farm ◽  
Resistivity Survey ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Linear Conductor

An electrical-resistivity survey was completed at the T tank farm at the Hanford nuclear site in Washington State, U.S.A. The purpose of the survey was to define the lateral extent of waste plumes in the vadose zone in and around the tank farm. The T tank farm consists of single-shell tanks that historically have leaked and many liquid-waste-disposal facilities that provide a good target for resistivity mapping. Given that the site is highly industrialized with near-surface metallic infrastructure that potentially could mask any interpretable waste plume, it was necessary to use the many wells around the site as long electrodes. To accommodate the long electrodes and to simulate the effects of a linear conductor, the resistivity inversion code was modified to assign low-resistivity values to the well’s location. The forward model within the resistivity code was benchmarked for accuracy against an analytic solution, and the inverse model was tested for its ability to recreate images of a hypothetical target. The results of the tank-farm field survey showed large, low-resistivity targets beneath the disposal areas that coincided with the conceptual hydrogeologic models developed regarding the releases. Additionally, in areas of minimal infrastructure, the long-electrode method matched the lateral footprint of a 3D surface-resistivity survey with reasonable fidelity. Based on these results, the long-electrode resistivity method may provide a new strategy for environmental characterization at highly industrialized sites, provided a sufficient number and density of wells exist.

scholarly journals Application of several activity coefficient models to water-organic-electrolyte aerosols of atmospheric interest

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 2475-2495 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Raatikainen ◽  
A. Laaksonen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Activity Coefficient ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Organic Electrolyte ◽  
Ternary Solutions ◽  
Activity Coefficient Models ◽  
Binary And Ternary Solutions

Abstract. In this work, existing and modified activity coefficient models are examined in order to assess their capabilities to describe the properties of aqueous solution droplets relevant in the atmosphere. Five different water-organic-electrolyte activity coefficient models were first selected from the literature. Only one of these models included organics and electrolytes which are common in atmospheric aerosol particles. In the other models, organic species were solvents such as alcohols, and important atmospheric ions like NH4+ could be missing. The predictions of these models were compared to experimental activity and solubility data in aqueous single electrolyte solutions with 31 different electrolytes. Based on the deviations from experimental data and on the capabilities of the models, four predictive models were selected for fitting of new parameters for binary and ternary solutions of common atmospheric electrolytes and organics. New electrolytes (H+, NH4+, Na+, Cl-, NO3- and SO42-) and organics (dicarboxylic and some hydroxy acids) were added and some modifications were made to the models if it was found useful. All new and most of the existing parameters were fitted to experimental single electrolyte data as well as data for aqueous organics and aqueous organic-electrolyte solutions. Unfortunately, there are very few data available for organic activities in binary solutions and for organic and electrolyte activities in aqueous organic-electrolyte solutions. This reduces model capabilities in predicting solubilities. After the parameters were fitted, deviations from measurement data were calculated for all fitted models, and for different data types. These deviations and the calculated property values were compared with those from other non-electrolyte and organic-electrolyte models found in the literature. Finally, hygroscopic growth factors were calculated for four 100 nm organic-electrolyte particles and these predictions were compared to experimental data and to predictions from other models. All of the newly fitted models show good agreement with experimental water activity data in binary and ternary solutions. One of the models is for activities of non-electrolytes only, but the other three models show quite small deviations from measured electrolyte activities. Because there were not enough experimental data for organic and electrolyte activities, some models show bigger deviation for mutual deliquescence relative humidities of organic-electrolyte particles, but calculated growth factors for liquid droplets are quite close to the experimental data. Even in cases with somewhat bigger deviations, the results can be considered satisfactory, because they were calculated based mainly on the predictive properties of the models.

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