Distribusi Dan Diversitas Serangga Tanah Di Taman Hutan Raya Gunung Tumpa Sulawesi Utara

Serangga tanah merupakan jenis dari serangga yang seluruh atau sebagian hidupnya berada di tanah. Serangga tanah berperan penting dalam ekosistem yaitu membantu proses pelapukan bahan organik dan keberadaan serta aktivitasnya berpengaruh positif terhadap sifat kimia fisik tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji distribusi dan diversitas serangga tanah di Gunung Tumpa, Sulawesi Utara. Lokasi pengambilan sampel terdiri dari tiga tipe habitat yaitu, hutan primer, hutan sekunder dan lahan perkebunan. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan perangkap sumuran (Pitfall trap). Hasil penelitian ditemukan serangga tanah sebanyak 10 ordo, 23 famili, 28 genus, 33 morfospesies dan 21100 individu. Ordo Hymenoptera didominasi oleh famili Formicidae. Pola distribusi serangga tanah di Gunung Tumpa berkelompok. Indeks diversitas spesies di Gunung Tumpa tergolong sedang (H = 2,62). Kelimpahan spesies dan indeks diversitas spesies serangga tanah tertinggi ditemukan pada hutan primer, sedangkan yang terendah pada lahan perkebunan dan hutan sekunder.Soil Insects is a type of insect that all or part of his life was on the ground. Soil insects plays an important role in the ecosystem that is helping the process of weathering and the presence of organic matter as well as its activities towards the positive effect of physical chemical properties of the soil. This research aims to identify, examine the distribution and diversity of insects land on Mount Tumpa, North Sulawesi. Location of sampling consists of three types of habitat i.e., primary forest, secondary forest and plantations. The technique of sampling using Pitfall trap. Results of the study found as many as 10 soil insect orders, 23 families, 28 genera, 33 morfospesies and 21100 individuals. The order of Hymenoptera is dominated by the Formicidae. The pattern of soil insect distribution in Gunung Tumpa is clumped. Index of species diversity in Mt. Tumpa belongs to moderate (H = 2.62). The highest abudance and diversity index of soil insect species were found in primary forest, while the lowest was on plantation and secondary forest.

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DIVERSITY OF BUTTERFLIES (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) IN THE GUNUNG RAYA WILDLIFE RESERVE, SUB DISTRICT WARKUK RANAU, SOUTH SUMATERA

BIOVALENTIA Biological Research Journal ◽

10.24233/biov.4.2.2018.112 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Ina Aprillia ◽

Indra Yustian ◽

Arum Setiawan ◽

Doni Setiawan

Keyword(s):

Secondary Forest ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Habitat Type ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Butterfly Species ◽

Riparian Areas ◽

Transect Line ◽

High Species Richness ◽

Capture Techniques ◽

Wildlife Reserve

This study aims to determine the diversity of butterflies at the Gunung Raya Wildlife Reserve, South Sumatra. The research was conducted in January-February 2018. The research sites were 4 different habitat types, namely primary forest, secondary forest, riparian area, and bush and plantation. Data collection uses direct observation and capture techniques along the transect line (linear transect counting) along 1000 m in each habitat type using insect nets. The results of the study obtained 55 butterfly species belonging to 5 families (there were 13 species of Papilionidae, 30 species of Nymphalidae, 7 species of Pieridae, 1 species of Riodinidae, and 4 species of Lycaenidae). The highest Shanon diversity index is in primary forest habitat (Manduriang) with H'= 3.5; followed by shrubs and plantations (Pasir Bintang) with H'= 3.45, and riparian areas (Talang Lebong) with H' = 3.23; while the lowest is secondary forest (Mesagih) with H'= 2.94. Distribution of species in all locations is relative (E> 0.9) and high species richness (R> 4). 2 butterfly species protected by Regulations of the Environtment and Forestry Ministers No 20 of 2018, namely Troides helena and Trogonoptera brookiana has been found in this study.

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KAJIAN STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS EPIFAUNA TANAH DI KAWASAN HUTAN KONSERVASI GUNUNG SIBELA HALMAHERA SELATAN MALUKU UTARA

BIOEDUKASI (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi) ◽

10.24127/bioedukasi.v2i1.196 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Abdu Mas'ud ◽

Sundari Sundari

Keyword(s):

Animal Ecology ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Pitfall Trap ◽

Chemical Environment ◽

Research Focus ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Genus 2 ◽

Environment Factor ◽

Relationship Of

This research to know: (1) Biodiversity land epifauna; (2) Relationship of environment factor physical-chemical with land epifauna biodiversity in conservation at area Forest Mount of Sibela. This method is Descriptif research with Pitfall trap Technique to collect land epifauna. The result of this research were : 1) Land epifauna at this research counted 74 species of epifauna which consist of 4 class, 18 ordo, 36 family and 63 genus; 2) Biodiversity of land epifauna at conservation forest shall be as follows: a) diversity index equal to 1,46475 category, b) eveness index equal to 0,35089 category of balanced, c) dominate index equal to 0,06280 category of to lower, d) important value of highest at species of Formica sanguine equal to 11,9817; 3) There are relationship is significant between of physical-chemical environment factor with diversity index. Found of this research can be exploited for the development of study of ecology concept and practical contribution about procedure research of simple desain of technique making of trap of land epifauna in the form of Pitfall trap at research focus of animal ecology (land arthropod) and also Entomological in Khairun of Ternate University.

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POPULASI DAN KEANEKARAGAMAN MESOFAUNA SERASAH DAN TANAH AKIBAT PERUBAHAN TUTUPAN LAHAN HUTAN DI RESORT PEMERIHAN TAMAN NASIONAL BUKIT BARISAN SELATAN

EnviroScienteae ◽

10.20527/es.v13i2.3914 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 128

Author(s):

Frendika Mahendra ◽

Melya Riniarti ◽

Ainin Niswati

Keyword(s):

Forest Cover ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Soil Physics ◽

Forest Cover Change ◽

Soil Mesofauna ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Abundance And Diversity

This research was conducted to study about abundance and diversity of soil and litter mesofauna to the effect of forest cover change that occurred in the Pemerihan Resort, Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park. This research was compiled in a completely randomized design (CRD) and there were four different lands, which were: (1) primary forest, (2) coffee plantation, (3) corn field, and (4) grassland. The observation of mesofauna was taken in soil and litter from four different lands cover. The variable of observation were mesofauna abundance and diversity index, soil chemical properties (pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, P available, and exchanged potassium), and soil physics properties (bulk density, soil temperature, humidity, and porosity). Data were analyzed using F test and further test using least significant differences (LSD) at 5%. The results showed that the different of lands cover affect the diversity index of litter mesofauna, the abundance of litter and soil mesofauna, yet did not affect the diversity index of mesofauna underground. However, the abundance and diversity index of soil and litter mesofauna in the primary forest was higher than the other lands.

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Inventarisasi Jenis Pohon Pada Cagar Alam Gunung Ambang, Sulawesi Utara

Jurnal MIPA ◽

10.35799/jm.4.2.2015.8528 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 115

Author(s):

Akbar Arafah Embo ◽

Roni Koneri ◽

Saroyo . ◽

Adelfia Papu

Keyword(s):

Life Support ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Line Transect ◽

Sampling Point ◽

Secondary Forests ◽

North Sulawesi ◽

The People ◽

Family Types

Pohon sebagai penyusun utama kawasan hutan berperan penting dalam pengaturan tata air, cadangan plasma nutfah, penyangga kehidupan, sumber daya pembangunan dan sumber devisa Negara. Peranan pohon-pohon dalam komunitas hutan semakin sulit dipertahankan mengingat tekanan masyarakat terhadap kelompok tumbuhan dari waktu ke waktu terus meningkat.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji jenis-jenis pohon yang berada di kawasan Cagar Alam Gunung Ambang, Sulawesi Utara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode garis berpetak yang merupakan modifiksi dari metode petak atau plot ganda dan metode jalur. Tipe habitat yang dijadikan titik pengambilan sampel adalah hutan primer dan hutan sekunder. Hasil pengamatan diperoleh sebanyak 38 jenis pohon penyusun hutan di Gunung Ambang yang termasuk dalam 22 suku. Pada hutan primer disusun oleh 37 jenis dan 22 suku, sedangkan pada hutan sekunder terdiri dari 28 jenis yang termasuk dalam 18 suku. Jenis pohon yang mendominasi setiap lokasi penelitian yaitu suku Magnoliaceae dan Arecaceae.Tree as the main constituent of forests play an important role in water regulation, germplasm reserves, life support, development resources and the country's foreign exchange resources. The role of trees in the forest communities are difficult to be sustained because the people pressure increase on the trees day by day. This study aims to assess the types of trees that are in the nature reserve area of Gunung Ambang, North Sulawesi. The method used is the line transect plots that is modified from the plot method or a double plot and track method. The type of habitat that is used as the starting sampling point is the primary forests and secondary forests. Result of observations showed that Gunung Ambang is composed by 38 species of plant in 22 family. In the primary forest composed by 37 species and 22 Family, whereas in secondary forest consists of 28 species in 18 family. Types of trees that dominate each research location are Family Magnoliaceae and Family Arecaceae.

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Comparation study of soil genetic diversity of bacteria and fungi in different vegetation successions in a karst of Guizhou province, China

Acta Carsologica ◽

10.3986/ac.v50i2-3.7684 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (2-3) ◽

Author(s):

Yidong Mi ◽

Hongda Fang ◽

Tao Peng ◽

Min Zhou ◽

Xinru Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Shannon Index ◽

Fungal Communities ◽

Karst Area ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Karst Areas ◽

Bacteria And Fungi

To study the soil genetic diversity of bacteria and fungi in different vegetation successions (grassland, shrubbery, primary forest and secondary forest) from the karst area, the Polymerase Chain Reaction-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) technology was applied. The results showed that: (1) the diversity of bacterial communities and the fungal communities in karst area were higher than non karst area in each vegetation succession. Compared with the survey from bacterial (the Shannon index was 2.97 in primary forest, 2.91 in secondary forest, 3.18 in shrubbery, 3.14 in grassland and 2.68 in non karst), fungal diversity between karst areas (the Shannon index was 3.56 in primary forest, 3.78 in secondary forest, 3.73 in shrubbery and 3.70 in grassland) and non karst areas (the Shannon index was 3.08) was more evident, which may be related to the alterations of the composition of plant community and the source of carbon in soil with the vegetation succession of karst ecosystem; (2) The comparation of bacterial diversity index and the richness comprehensively evaluated as follows: shrubbery > grassland > primary forest > nsecondary forest. The diversity index and the richness of fungal communities was as follows: secondary forest > shrubbery > grassland > primary forest. The results suggest that the fungal communities have been greatly changed via vegetation successions, but the diversity index and the richness of the bacterial communities have not been seriously affected. The results provide scientific basis for understanding karst surface ecosystem, which contributes to the future aim of protecting the karst from desertification.

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Tree Species Diversity, Richness, and Similarity in Intact and Degraded Forest in the Tropical Rainforest of the Congo Basin: Case of the Forest of Likouala in the Republic of Congo

International Journal of Forestry Research ◽

10.1155/2016/7593681 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Suspense Averti Ifo ◽

Jean-Marie Moutsambote ◽

Félix Koubouana ◽

Joseph Yoka ◽

Saint Fédriche Ndzai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Tree Species ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Shannon Index ◽

Congo Basin ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Species Structure ◽

Republic Of Congo ◽

The Republic

Trees species diversity, richness, and similarity were studied in fifteen plots of the tropical rainforests in the northeast of the Republic of Congo, based on trees inventories conducted on fifteen 0.25 ha plots installed along different types of forests developed on terra firma, seasonally flooded, and on flooded terra. In all of the plots installed, all trees with diameter at breast height, DBH ≥ 5 cm, were measured. The Shannon diversity index, species richness, equitability, and species dominance were computed to see the variation in tree community among plots but also between primary forest and secondary forest. A total of 1611 trees representing 114 species and 35 families were recorded from a total area of 3.75 ha. Euphorbiaceae was the dominant family in the forest with 12 species, followed by Fabaceae-Mimosoideae (10 species) and Phyllanthaceae (6 species) and Guttiferae (6 species). The biodiversity did not vary greatly from plot to plot on the whole of the study area (3.75 ha). The low value of Shannon index was obtained in plot 11 (H′=0.75) whereas the highest value was obtained in plot 12 (H′=4.46). The values of this index vary from 0.23 to 0.95 in plots P11 and P15, respectively. Results obtained revealed high biodiversity of trees of the forest of Impfondo-Dongou. The information on tree species structure and function can provide baseline information for conservation of the biodiversity of the tropical forest in this area.

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The Potency of Soil Insect As Soil Quality Bioindicators in Citrus Plantations Poncokusumo District, Malang Regency

el–Hayah ◽

10.18860/elha.v7i4.10667 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 144-151

Author(s):

Dwi Suheriyanto ◽

Arifatul Lutfiyah ◽

Dika Dara W. ◽

Mohammad Farhan ◽

Ainiy Izzah

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Soil Quality ◽

Correspondence Analysis ◽

Canonical Correspondence Analysis ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Pitfall Trap ◽

Indicator Value ◽

Soil Insects ◽

Abundance And Diversity ◽

Program Version

Insects have great potential to be used as soil bioindicators. The research aims to analyze abundance and diversity of soil insects genus and determine the soil insects genus that have potential as soil quality bioindicators in citrus plantations. The study was conducted in conventional and semiorganic citrus plantations in Poncokusumo District, Malang Regency. The research used pitfall trap and hand sorted methods. Data were analyzed to find out diversity index, Canonical Correspondence Analysis and Indicator Value Index. The data analysis used PAST program version 3.15 and software R. The research results were obtained 20 genus of soil insects. The highest abundance of soil insects is occupied by the genus Aphaenogaster. The diversity of soil insects in semiorganic citrus plantations is higher than conventional citrus plantations. The soils insects that have potential as bioindicators of soil quality in conventional citrus plantations is the genus Formica, while in the semiorganic citrus plantations are the genus Cyrtepistomus, Pangeus, Tenebrio, Euborellia, Allonemobius, Stelidota, Gryllus and Chlaenius.

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Pemanfaatan Strata Hutan oleh Tikus Ekor Putih (Maxomys hellwaldii) di Gunung Klabat Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, Sulawesi Utara (Utilization of Forest Strates by White Equipment Rats (Maxomys hellwaldii) in Klabat Mountain North Minahasa Distric, North Sulawesi)

JURNAL BIOS LOGOS ◽

10.35799/jbl.9.1.2019.23368 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 15

Author(s):

Baren Rumanasen ◽

Saroyo Saroyo ◽

Pience Maabuat

Keyword(s):

Natural Resources ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Secondary Forests ◽

International Union ◽

Transect Line ◽

North Sulawesi ◽

Primary Forests ◽

Made In

Pemanfaatan Strata Hutan oleh Tikus Ekor Putih (Maxomys hellwaldii) di Gunung Klabat Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, Sulawesi Utara(Utilization of Forest Strates by White Equipment Rats (Maxomys hellwaldii) in Klabat Mountain North Minahasa Distric, North Sulawesi) Baren Anggyon Rumanasen1)*, Saroyo1), Pience Maabuat1)1)Program Studi Biologi FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115*Email korespondensi: [email protected] Diterima 15 Januari 2019, diterima untuk publikasi 28 Februari 2019 Abstrak Tikus ekor putih (Maxomys hellwaldii) adalah hewan endemik Sulawesi, yang oleh IUCN status konservasinya masih kurang diperhatikan. Ancaman utama tikus ekor putih adalah perburuan untuk dijual. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pemanfaatan strata hutan oleh tikus ekor putih (Maxomys hellwaldii) di Gunung Klabat Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Pengamatan menggunakan metode garis transek, dua garis transek dibuat masing-masing pada hutan primer dan hutan sekunder, panjang garis transek masing-masing 2 km dengan lebar 20 m. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan di hutan primer tikus ekor putih memanfaatkan stratum B sebesar 7,59%, dan stratum C 92,40%. Pada hutan sekunder tikus ekor putih memanfaatkan stratum C sebesar 100%. Aktivitas yang dilakukan tikus ekor putih pada hutan primer, mencari makan sebesar 56,96%, aktivitas berpindah sebesar 30,37%, aktivitas makan sebesar 5,06%, dan aktivitas istirahat sebesar 7,59%. Pada hutan sekunder, sebesar 15,06%, aktivitas makan (2,73%),dan aktivitas istirahat sebesar 27,39%.Kata kunci: tikus ekor putih, aktivitas, strata hutan, Gunung Klabat Abstract White-tailed mice (Maxomys hellwaldii) are endemic to Sulawesi, which by the IUCN (The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) still lacks attention to conservation status. The main threat to white-tailed mice is hunting for sale. The study used the transect line method, two transect lines were made in primary forest and two transect lines were made in secondary forest, the length of the transect line was 2 km in width and 20 m in width. The results showed that in primary forest white-tailed mice made use of stratum B of (7.59%), and stratum C was (92.40%). Whereas in the secondary forest white tail rats only use the C stratum, which is equal to 100%. Activities carried out by white-tailed rats were in primary forests, foraging for (56.96%), moving activities by (30.37%), eating activities by (5.06%), and resting activities at (7.59 %). In secondary forests, white-tailed mice looked for food (54.79%), shifting activity (15.06%), eating activities (2.73%), and resting activities (27.39%).Keywords: white-tailed mice, activity, forest strates, Klabat Mountain

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PHYTOSOCIOLOGY OF A LOWER MONTANE FOREST ON MT. BATULANTEH, SUMBAWA, INDONESIA

REINWARDTIA ◽

10.14203/reinwardtia.v16i2.3369 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 77

Author(s):

Muhammad Mansur ◽

Kuswata Kartawinata

Keyword(s):

Co2 Sequestration ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Montane Forest ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Secondary Forests ◽

Diameter Class ◽

Tree Community ◽

High Species Diversity ◽

Shannon’S Diversity Index

MANSUR, M & KARTAWINATA, K. 2017. Phytosociology of a Lower Montane Forest on Mt. Batulanteh, Sumbawa, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 16 (2): 77-92. — While Indonesia’s forests are globally known for their high species diversity but many regions remain little known to investigate the tree community in a lower montane forest at Mt. Batulanteh in Sumbawa. We subjectively laid out plots of 1,800 m2 each, two in secondary forests and one in a disturbed primary forest. All stems over 5 cm diameters were measured and identified. In the plot of 0,54 hectare, we recorded 723 individuals, representing 78 species, 60 genera and 33 families. Estimated volume of boles was 183.2 m3/0.54 ha, biomass was 220.1 tons/0.54 ha, carbon stock was 110.0 tons/0.54 ha and CO2 sequestration was 403.1 ton/0.54 ha. The forest at Mt. Batulanteh is classified as Garcinia-Cryptocarya association consisting of Micromelum-Cinnamomum subassociation. Dipterocarpus-Calophyllum subassociation and Garcinia-Syzygium subassociation. Dominant species were Micromelum minutum (IV=27.24), Mallotus philippensis (IV=26.2), Cryptocarya ferrea (IV=24.71) and Cinnamomum burmanni (IV=23.81) in Plot 1, Dipterocarpus retusus (IV=77.4) and Calophyllum soulattri (IV=24.21) in Plot 2, and Garcinia celebica (IV=34.86) and Syzygium sp. 1 (IV=34.76) in Plot 3. Dipterocarpus retusus was unique of having restricted distribution. Fagaceae, typical family in montane forests, was absent. Shannon’s diversity index was low (H '= 1.61). It can be concluded that the plots do not constitute a representative of Mt. Batulanteh and the surrounding forests, but they were sufficient to provide an illustration of the forests locally. The diameter class distribution indicated that the forests were regenerating. They were developing secondary forest and regenerating disturbed primary forest; slow successions were in the process and could be enhancedby ecological restoration. Further botanical explorations in poorly known regions of Sumbawa should be intensified further.

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Structure, Composition and Diversity of Tree Species at Inobonto Poigar I Production Forest, Forest Management Unit of Poigar, North Sulawesi

Jurnal Wasian ◽

10.20886/jwas.v3i1.1174 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

Nurlita Indah Wahyuni ◽

Hendra Susanto Mokodompit

Keyword(s):

Forest Management ◽

Tree Species ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Basal Area ◽

Wiener Index ◽

Management Unit ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

North Sulawesi ◽

Shaped Pattern

Most of primary forest after exploitation era in Indonesia was converted into secondary forest including Forest Management Unit of Poigar. On the other hand the understanding of forest vegetation will help ecology restoration efforts. This study aims to analyze the structure, composition and tree species diversity of Inobonto Poigar I. In order to accomplish the proposed objectives, 31 plots of 20 m x 20 m were randomly established in the forest area where number and name of tree species in each plot was identified and counted. The research was conducted on September 2014 and recorded a total of 78 species within measured plot. The average basal area of the forest was 16,77 m2/ha and the size class distribution was different from primary forest which is resembled a reserved J-shaped pattern. Trema orientalis was found as the dominant species among tree and pole levels, whereas Piper sp. dominated sapling level respectively. The Shannon-Wiener index showed that sapling has the higher diversity than tree and poles. The result of structure and composition analysis of vegetation has indicated that Inobonto I forest is secondary forest.

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