scholarly journals NATURE OF RHIZOBIUM RADIOBACTER LIFE ACTIVITY ON THE SEEDS SURFACE AND IN ROOT ZONE OF WINTER WHEAT PLANTS

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
A. O. Trepach
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Life Activity ◽  
Rhizobium Radiobacter ◽  
Further Development

Preservation of Rhizobium radiobacter strains 599, 1333, 5006 and 5718 on inoculated seeds and further development in the rhizosphere soil of winter wheat plants of Poliska 90 variety was observed. It was found that bacterial cells R. radiobacter 599, 1333, 5006 and 5718 can retain on bacterized seeds of winter wheat for two months and can ecize in the root zone of plants.

scholarly journals QUANTITY OF PHOSPHOROUS MOBILIZING BACTERIA IN THE ROOT ZONE OF WHEAT UNDER THE INFLUENCE POLYMYXOBACTERYN AND FERTILIZERS

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
P. V. Kovpak ◽  
L. M. Tokmakova ◽  
I. V. Larchenko ◽  
A. O. Trepach
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Microbial Preparation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Doses

The paper presents the results of studies of the impact of microbial preparation Polymyxobacteryn and different doses of mineral fertilizers on the development of phosphorous mobilizing bacteria in rhizosphere soil of winter wheat plants (Sonechko variety). It was shown that quantity phosphorous mobilizing bacteria increases under the influence of bacterization and fertilizers in doses not exceeding N60P60K60.

scholarly journals NUMBER OF PHOSPHORUS DISSOLVING BACTERIA IN THE RHIZOSPHERE OF WINTER WHEAT INOCULATED WITH RHIZOBIUM RADIOBACTER

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 172-180
Author(s):  
A.O. Trepach
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Rhizobium Radiobacter

The paper presents the results of three-year studies aimed to determine the influence of presowing seeds inoculation with Rhizobium radiobacter on the number of phosphorus dissolving bacteria in the rhizosphere of winter wheat. The increase of the number of phosphorus mobilizing microorganisms in root zone of plants at tillering stage under the influence of inoculation was observed.

The state of soil microbiotes during sunflower growing with an herbicide of imidazolinone group

Helia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Kostyuchenko ◽  
Viktor Lyakh ◽  
Anatoliy Soroka
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
General Trend ◽  
The State ◽  
Trophic Groups ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
Specific Species ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

Abstract The effects of various concentrations of herbicide Euro-Lightning Plus on the state of microbiota in the root zone of sunflower have been studied. Soil of plant rhizosphere and interrow soil after treatment with the herbicide at the doses of 1.2 and 2.5 l/ha were taken for the analysis at the end of sunflower growing season. Rhizosphere soil without herbicide application was used as a control. The herbicide was applied at the stage of 2–4 true leaves. The total number of bacteria in the rhizosphere of control plants was 12.82 million CFU/g of soil while in the rhizosphere and in the interrow soil after herbicide treatment with a dose of 2.5 l/ha it decreased by 1.4–1.5 times. A general trend of decline in number of the basic ecological and trophic groups of bacterial microorganisms with the increase in a dose of herbicide was established. Microbiological coefficients that reflect the functional activity of the microflora indicate changes in its biological activity under the influence of the herbicide Euro-Lightning Plus, which leads to deterioration in the agroecological state of the studied soils. It was also found that herbicide application resulted in a rearrangement of micromycete complexes in the root zone of sunflower which led to a two-fold reduction, compared to the control, of mycobiota species diversity and the formation of a specific species composition of mycocenoses. A greater genus and species diversity of fungi of the microflora in the rhizosphere of control plants, in comparison with the herbicide-treated soil, was revealed. A reduction in species diversity of the genus Penicillium from six species in the control to 1–2 species in the rhizosphere of experimental sunflower plants as well as the absence of rare saprophytic fungi species from the genera Acremonium, Verticillium, Trichoderma and Paecilomyces were noted.

scholarly journals Soil nitrate accumulation and leaching in conventional, optimized and organic cropping systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
Wang Dapeng ◽  
Zheng Liang ◽  
Gu Songdong ◽  
Shi Yuefeng ◽  
Liang Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Grain Yields

Excessive nitrogen (N) and water input, which are threatening the sustainability of conventional agriculture in the North China Plain (NCP), can lead to serious leaching of nitrate-N (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>–</sup>-N). This study evaluates grain yield, N and water consumption, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>–</sup>-N accumulation and leaching in conventional and two optimized winter wheat-summer maize double-cropping systems and an organic alfalfa-winter wheat cropping system. The results showed that compared to the conventional cropping system, the optimized systems could reduce N, water consumption and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>–</sup>-N leaching by 33, 35 and 67–74%, respectively, while producing nearly identical grain yields. In optimized systems, soil NO<sub>3</sub><sup>–</sup>-N accumulation within the root zone was about 80 kg N/ha most of the time. In the organic system, N input, water consumption and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>–</sup>-N leaching was reduced even more (by 71, 43 and 92%, respectively, compared to the conventional system). However, grain yield also declined by 46%. In the organic system, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>–</sup>-N accumulation within the root zone was generally less than 30 kg N/ha. The optimized systems showed a considerable potential to reduce N and water consumption and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>–</sup>-N leaching while maintaining high grain yields, and thus should be considered for sustainable agricultural development in the NCP.  

Dynamics of K and NO3 concentrations in the root zone of winter wheat at Broadbalk using specific-ion electrodes

1973 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. R. Nair ◽  
O. Talibudeen
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Salt Bridge ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Equilibration Time ◽  
K Concentration

SummaryProcedures for measuring K+ and NO-3 activities in the root zones of field crops, using specific-ion electrodes, were standardized. For K, a 1·0 M-NaCl salt bridge and KC1 standards in water, for NO3, a saturated KC1 salt bridge and KN03 standards in water, and for both electrodes, a 1:0·5, soil: water ratio, and 30 sec equilibration time were found satisfactory.Recovery of added K in soil pastes by the K electrode and chemical analysis of the soil water extract compared well, but the recovery was about 8% only. The corresponding recovery of added N was about 87 and 95% respectively.Relative changes in the rates and magnitudes of NO3 and K concentrations were measured with these electrodes, laterally and vertically, in the root zone, during active crop growth, from the N2 ½(PKNaMg), N2 PKNaMg, and N4PKNaMg treatments of the Broadbalk Winter Wheat Experiment.In all fertilizer treatments, at all times, the nutrient concentrations were most at 45 cm from the crop (in the uncropped area) and least within the cropped area. The differences between these extremes represent nutrient depletion by the crop, the ‘45 cm’ measurementsindicating changes in uncropped, but fertilized, areas.Soil nitrate depletion by the crop was much more at 12·5 cm and 20 cm depths than at 5 cm. Maximum NO3 depletion was observed during the later stages of crop growth, at ‘pre-panicle emergence’ and at ‘grain filling’. Depletion decreased and the soil NO3 level recovered partially as the crop reached maturity.Periodic changes in the K concentration at each site and the corresponding K depletions were much less. Periods of IC stress on the soil were few and less clearly demarcated. Soil K concentration started to recover at the ‘grain filling’ stage about a month earlier than with NO3.Changes in NO3 and K concentrations seem to relate more to the amounts given of each nutrient, than to the N:K ratio in each fertilizer treatment. However, changes in NO3 and K concentrations, and also NO3 and K depletion, occurred consecutively. This indicates an alternating periodicity in the demands of the crop for NO3 and K respectively throughout growth.

scholarly journals Estimating the Contribution of Groundwater to the Root Zone of Winter Wheat Using Root Density Distribution Functions

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 170075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghua Zhu ◽  
Liliang Ren ◽  
Robert Horton ◽  
Haishen Lü ◽  
Zhenlong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Density Distribution ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Root Density

METABOLIC ACTIVITY AND PHOSPHATE-DISSOLVING CAPABILITY OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES FROM WHEAT ROOTS, RHIZOSPHERE, AND NON-RHIZOSPHERE SOIL

1959 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Katznelson ◽  
B. Bose
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Wheat Roots ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Insoluble Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

Bacterial isolates from the roots of wheat (rhizoplane) were more active in oxidizing glucose and alanine than cultures isolated from rhizosphere and non-rhizosphcre soils. In general, metabolic activity was greater with alanine than with glucose. Over one third of the cultures tested were capable of dissolving insoluble phosphorus in the form of CaHPO4 but the roots did not appear to exert a selective effect on these forms. However, the phosphate-solubilizing organisms from the rhizoplane were also the most active in oxidizing glucose and alanine. Those from the rhizosphere soil were intermediate in this respect. By far the majority of these phosphate-dissolving bacteria were in the nutritional group requiring unknown substances in yeast and soil extracts for optimal growth. It was suggested that although these bacteria were not preferentially stimulated in the root zone, their large numbers and their greater metabolic activity may contribute significantly to the phosphate economy of the plant.

scholarly journals The effect of psychrotrophic bacteria isolated from the root zone of winter wheat on selected biotic and abiotic factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Wojciech Przemieniecki ◽  
Tomasz Paweł Kurowski ◽  
Karol Korzekwa ◽  
Anna Karwowska
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Psychrotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract The roots of winter wheat plants, cv. Mikon, grown in 45-year monoculture, were analysed in the study. Twenty-two bacterial isolates obtained from the rhizosphere, rhizoplane, and endorhizosphere that were capable of growth at 8°C and at 28°C, were selected for further analysis. The isolated psychrotrophs accounted for 25% of all bacteria present in the wheat rhizosphere and capable of growth at 8°C. Psychrotrophic bacteria were analysed at a temperature of 10°C and 28°C to determine their ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi, solubilise mineral phosphates, and to determine their ability to degrade chitin and cellulose. Similarity between the isolates was determined by Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus – Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR) and Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA – Polymerase Chain Reaction (RAPD-PCR). The majority of isolated psychrotrophs inhibited the growth of pathogenic fungi and solubilised mineral phosphates at both incubation temperatures. Psychrotrophic bacteria exerted a two-fold stronger inhibitory effect on mycelial growth at 10°C than at 28°C. The growth of Fusarium culmorum and F. oxysporum was inhibited to the highest extent at 10°C and at 28°C, respectively. Phosphate solubilisation rates were higher at 28°C, particularly in the rhizosphere. Regardless of temperature, the bacteria exhibited low chitin-degrading potential, and none of the isolates was capable of degrading cellulose. A high similarity between the selected psychrotrophs was revealed by ERIC-PCR and RAPD- -PCR analyses. Based on RAPD-PCR, the analysed population was divided into a group of isolates obtained from the rhizosphere, and two groups comprising representatives of both the rhizoplane and the endorhizosphere. Due to their ability to grow over a wide temperature range and increase phosphorus availability to plants, and their antagonism against pathogens, psychrotrophic bacteria can be used to improve the growth and yield of cereal crops.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF NANOCARBOXYLATES OF MICROELEMENTS ON RHIZOBIUM RADIOBACTER 204 GROWTH-REGULATING ACTIVITY

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
С. Ф. Козар ◽  
Є. П. Симоненко ◽  
В. О. Линник ◽  
V. H. Kaplunenko
Keyword(s):  
Growth Phase ◽  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Exponential Growth Phase ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Rhizobium Radiobacter ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Liquid Culture Medium ◽  
Growth Regulating Activity

The results of studies of the influence of nanocarboxylates (citrates) of microelements on Rhizobium radiobacter 204 growth-regulating activities are presented. It was found that increasing bacteria growth-regulating activity is achieved by the content of citrates of Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe) and Molybdenum (Mo) in culture medium in complex. It was shown that the use of nanocarboxylates of microelements while cultivating the investigated strain contributes to the increase of bacterial cells titre in a liquid culture medium by 1 billion/cm3. It was revealed that the cultivation of R. radiobacter 204 under the action of citrates of microelements helps extent the exponential growth phase of these bacteria by 12 hours. According to the research results an optimized liquid culture medium was proposed for bacteria culturing.

scholarly journals THE FEATURES THE AUTOTROPHIC AND HETEROTROPHIC NITRIFICATION IN THE ROOT ZONE OF WINTER RYE PLANTS UNDER THE USE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND DIAZOBAKTERYN

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
I. G. Korotka ◽  
V. V. Volkogon
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Heterotrophic Nitrification ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Biological Transformation ◽  
Microbial Preparation

The paper depicts the study of mineral nitrogen and pre-sowing seeds bacteryzation on the development of nitrogen fixing bacteria and the activity of autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrification. It was revealed that nitrification activity in the root zone of winter rye plants rises together with the increase of mineral nitrogen doses. Heterotrophic nitrification plays a significant role in the formation of nitrate pool in the root zone, especially during the early stages of plants organogenesis. Application of the microbial preparation Diazobakteryn had enhanced the activity autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrification processes in the rhizosphere soil of plants in the spring, during the early stages of their development while during the next organogenesis phases the reduction of nitrification processes was observed. In plants-free soil the contribution of heterotrophic nitrification to biological transformation of nitrogen was negligible.

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