scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF EXOMETABOLITES OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF CULTURAL PLANTS ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF PATHOGENIC MICROMYCETES BIPOLARIS SOROKINIANA AND ALTERNARIA ALTERNATA

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
Horhan Т. М. ◽  
Beznosko І. V. ◽  
Bilenka О. М. ◽  
Blahinina А. А.
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Oat Seeds ◽  
Alternaria Infectoria ◽  
Group Resistance ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Pathogenic Micromycetes

Objective. To establish the influence of exometabolites of winter wheat plants of Podolianka, Natalka, Skagen, Mulan varieties and oats of Skarb Ukrainy, Svitanok, Tembr varieties on the growth and development of Bipolaris sorokiniana micromycete, as well as the influence of onion of Tkachenkivska, Mavka, Veselka, Liubchyk, Variah, Harmonia varieties on the growth and development of the micromycete Alternaria alternata. Methods. Mycological, phytopathological, phytoimmunological. Results. Two hundred isolates of pathogenic micromycetes were isolated from the seeds of the studied crops of different varieties. The most common microbiota were: Bipolaris sorokiniana, Alternaria alternata, Alternaria tenuissima, Alternaria infectoria, Stemphylium vesicarium, Curvularia inaequalis. The highest incidence on wheat and oat seeds (over 80 %) was reported for B. sorokiniana, on onion seeds — for A. alternata. It was found that exometabolites of plants of different varieties can both inhibit and stimulate the rate of radial growth of mycelium of B. sorokiniana and A. alternata. It was proved that exometabolites of plants of wheat, oats, onion can significantly affect the reproductive capacity of the studied micromycetes, which reduced the number of spores per 1 cm2 of colony area almost 1.2–2.5 times compared to the control. This indicates that exometabolites of plants are characterized by fungicidal properties, which are due to a complex of biologically active substances that can inhibit the intensity of sporulation of B. sorokiniana and A. alternate. Conclusion. The antifungal property of root exometabolites of plants of the studied varieties significantly depends on the genotype of the variety. Therefore, an important timely task is to identify environmentally stable and flexible varieties that are characterized by group resistance to pathogens of fungal origin, as well as the search for mechanisms of action of fungicidal natural origin.

scholarly journals Mellotria scaraba L. – a promising vegetable crop as a valuable source of biologically active substances

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (157) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
E. V. Dunaevskaya ◽  
E. N. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Medicinal Crop ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Active Substances

The features of growth and development of Melothria scabra Naudin - a new vegetable and medicinal crop for the Southern Coast of the Crimea (SCC), a source of biologically active substances, including citrulline and arginine, essential micro - and macronutrients. It is established that in the conditions of the SCC, the crop passes a full growing cycle and gives viable seeds; it is resistant to fungal diseases and pests; it stops growing when the average daily temperature decreases to 8-9 ° C, and gives self-seeding. The content of essential elements (potassium 12270 ±131 mg/kg, calcium 2951± 61 mg/kg, magnesium 3101 ± 53.5 mg/kg, ferrum 104.5 ± 4.5 mg/kg, zinc 39.7 ± 0.8 mg/kg, cuprum 13.2± 1.0 mg/kg and manganese – 0.8 ± 0.01 mg/kg) in Melothria scabra fruits was determined. The results obtained allow us to attribute melotria to functional vegetable crops - sources of valuable biologically active substances. and recommend the spread of the culture not only on the SCC, but also in other regions suitable for its cultivation.

scholarly journals Usability of vegetable extracts in the protection against Alternaria alternata

2012 ◽  
pp. 113-116
Author(s):  
Csaba Tamás Tóth ◽  
Mária Csubák
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Minimum Effective Concentration ◽  
Active Substances

In our country, wormwood ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) may cause serious problems. Nearly 5 million hectares of agricultural area was infected with ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), which is believed useless weed. Allergological point of view, most problematic weeds adventive. However, many physiologically very beneficial compound also included, those with the effects have been known also by the Indians. On this basis, herbs can be thought of as ragweed. Our goal was to present that the ragweed contains antifungal active substances as well. In this paper we tested the biological activity of the extracts against Alternaria alternata F.00750 in vitro. We related based on our examination that ragweed contains biologically active agents, by which it is hampered the reproduction of the Alternaria alternata. The minimum effective concentration was 300 mg extract in a Petri dish, which was three days inhibited the growth of fungus. Full fungicidal effect was observed over dose 525 mg.

scholarly journals Age dynamics of growth and development of chichens depending on protein metabolism

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (84) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Kyryliv
Keyword(s):  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Gastrointestinal Mucosa ◽  
Amine Nitrogen ◽  
Age Dynamics ◽  
Active Substances

In order to carry out the planned research, an experiment was carried out on repair young animals of the laying chickens of the «Hayseks Brown» cross from the one day-old age. For this purpose, in the conditions of the farm «Berkut» of the Drohobych district of the Lviv region, an industrial herd of hens in the amount of 10 thousand heads was formed. Poultry was kept in cages with free access to food and water. The temperature and light modes corresponded to the recommended standards and the content met the requirements of the technology. All poultry received a complete food, balanced for all nutrients and biological active substances. We have studied the dynamics of growth and development of chicken egg production of line cross «Hayseks brown» from day age to the age of peak performance. During the experiment, the study of the intensity of metabolic processes in the body of 6, 35, 90, 120, and 150 day-olds, i.e., in critical periods when there is intense growth of feathers and juvenile molten (30–60 days), the beginning of the oviposition (120 days) and the beginning of an intensive oviposition (150 days). In these age periods, the level of soluble proteins, amine nitrogen, and the activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases were determined in liver tissues, cuticles of the muscular stomach, gastrointestinal mucosa, gastrointestinal mucosa, duodenum and pancreas. During the growth and development of chickens, there are critical periods associated with intense growth of feathers (21–35 days), juvenile strain (70–84 days) and the beginning of oviposition (119–126 days). The highest protein content was found in liver and pancreatic tissues (11.08–13.8 mg/g), lower (by 40%) in the tissue of mucous membranes of the glandular stomach and duodenum and 4–5 times lower content in the tissue, the cuticles of the muscular stomach of the chicken in all the periods of growth we were studied. The age dynamics of changes in the activity of AlAT and AsAT was uneven in the tissues according to the study. Reduced AlAT activity at the 30-day age, similar to protein concentration, which is characteristic of liver tissue, 12-gullet mucosa and pancreatic of chicken. The results of biochemical studies are related to changes in the physiological state and magnitude of gains. During the growth of repair young poultry, in the critical periods of growth and development, it is necessary to deliberately affect the processes of protein metabolism by enhancing the processes of digestion and assimilation of nutrients and biologically active substances of fodder and the sufficient introduction of free amino acids by the use of exogenous enzyme preparations.

scholarly journals Structural features of the ovaries of texas quail in the experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 06019
Author(s):  
Natalia Saenko ◽  
Vladimir Lemeshchenko ◽  
Vitaly Sokolov ◽  
Elena Nekhaychuk ◽  
Julia Saenko
Keyword(s):  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Probiotic Preparation ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Intensive Growth

The article analyzes the postembryonic organogenesis of the ovaries of Texas quail when using biologically active substances. A set of morphological techniques is used. It was found that the use of probiotic in combination with succinic acid to Texas quail at the age of 5-45 days caused intensive growth and development of their ovaries. Probiotic preparation "Sporovit" and succinic acid do not cause pathological changes in the micromorphological structure of the reproduction organs of quails.

scholarly journals Features of development and reproduction of representatives of the Solanaceae family in the conditions of the Southern coast of the Crimea

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
L. A. Logvinenko ◽  
E. N. Kravchenko ◽  
O. M. Shevchuk ◽  
N. A. Golubkina ◽  
T. S. Naumenko
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Solanaceae Family ◽  
Active Substances

Relevance. Taking into account the narrow range of vegetable plant species grown in Russia and the global trend of impoverishment of their biochemical composition, simultaneously with the globalization of crop production, it is necessary to search for plant species and forms that are characterized by a high content of functional food ingredients (FFI) in their composition, since a decrease in the consumption of important micro-and macroelements sharply increases the risk of dangerous diseases for humans.Objective. To study the features of growth and development of plants of the Solanaceae family in the collection of the Federal State Funded Institution of Science "NBG-NSC", characterized by a high content of biologically active substances and functional food ingredients (FFI), a short growing season and a neutral reaction to the length of the day.Materials and methods. Features of development, biomorphological indicators of plants were studied according to the method of introduction studies developed in the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens [4]. The antioxidant activity (AOA) was determined by the method [5] based on the redox reaction of substances of antioxidant action with potassium permanganate. The content of water-soluble minerals was determined using a TDS 3 conductometer on aqueous plant extracts. The content of phenolic compounds was determined by photometric method using the Folin-Chocalteu reagent [6]; ascorbic acid content - by iodometric titration [7], carotenoids content - by spectrophotometric method [8].Results. The revealed features of growth and development, biochemical composition of a new vegetable crop for the Russian Federation – nightshade caripense (tzimbalo) (Solanum caripense Dunal.), bladder herb (Physalis alkekengi L.), medicinal crops - nightshade laciniate (Solanum laciniatum Ait.), vitania hypnotic (synonyms winter cherry, Indian ginseng or physalis sunny-leaved) (Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal.), great morel (Atropa belladonna L.).Conclusions. The conducted research will allow expanding and replenishing the range of new crops with an increased content of biologically active substances and antioxidants.

Neutral Lipids of Oats Fruit (Avena Sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
N. K. Yuldasheva ◽  
S. D. Gusakova ◽  
D. Kh. Nurullaeva ◽  
N. T. Farmanova ◽  
R. P. Zakirova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Active Substances

Introduction. Lipids are a widespread group of biologically active substances in nature, making up the bulk of the organic substances of all living organisms. They accumulate in plants in seeds, as well as in fruits and perform a number of vital functions: they are the main components of cell membranes and the energy reserve for the body.Aim. Study of neutral lipids of sown oats (Avena sativa L.).Materials and methods. The objects of the study were fruits (grains) of oats of the sown variety "Tashkent 1," harvested in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Results and discussions. Neutral lipids of oat grains have been found to contain 13 fatty acids with a predominance of the sum of oleic, linolenic and linoleic acids. The total degree of unsaturation was almost 78%. Absorption bands characteristic of these substances were observed in the IR spectrum of MEGC.Conclusion. According to the results of the NL analysis, oat grains consisted of triacylglycerides and free LCDs, which were accompanied by hydrocarbons, phytosterols, triterpenoids and tocopherols.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document