scholarly journals Peran Kurkumin Sebagai Terapi Pada Osteoartritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Rilianda Abelira
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The World ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Digestive Disorders ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Osteoartritis (OA) merupakan salah satu penyakit penyakit degeneratif atau geriatri yang disebabkan adanya inflamasi yang melibatkan kartilago, lapisan sendi, ligamen, dan tulang yang akibatnya dapat menyebabkan nyeri dan kekakuan pada sendi. Epidemiologi OA di didunia sekitar 15% dengan usia diatas 65-75 dan diperkirakan pada tahun 2020 penderita osteoarthritis akan meningkat 11,6 juta penderita. Kejadian OA di Indonesia dari tahun 1990 hingga 2010 telah mengalami peningkatan sebanyak 44,2% dan berdasarkan usia di Indonesia cukup tinggi dengan 65% pada usia tua (lansia) atau lebih dari 61 tahun. Pengobatan secara farmakologis untuk OA dengan menggunakan Obat Anti Inflamasi Non-Steroid (OAINS) salah satu contohnya adalah meloksikam. Namun, efek samping penggunaan OAINS dapat menimbulkan beberapa masalah seperti timbulnya ulkus peptikum dan gangguan pencernaan. Hal ini menyebabkan sedang dikembangkannya pengobatan herbal untuk OA yang harapannya dapat menjadi pengobatan utama dalam mengatasi OA dengan menggunakan kurkumin. Kurkumin berperan sebagai antiinflamasi dalam kunyit putih dengan menurunkan aktivitas cyclooxygenase 2(COX-2), lipoxygenase dan menghambat produksi sitokin seperti TNF-α, interleukin (IL). Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative or geriatric disease that is caused by inflammation involving cartilages, joint lining, ligaments, and bones which can cause pain and stiffness in the joints. Epidemiology of OA in the world around 15% with ages above 65-75 and it is estimated in 2020, osteoarthritis will increase by 11.6 million. The incidence of OA in Indonesia from 1990 to 2010 has increased by 44.2% and by age in Indonesia is quite high with 65% in old age (elderly) or more than 61 years. Treatment for OA is using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as meloxicam. However, side effects of NSAID use can cause several problems such as the emergence of peptic ulcer and digestive disorders. This has led to the development of herbal treatments for OA which hopes to become the main treatment in overcoming OA by using curcumin. Curcumin acts as an anti-inflammatory in white turmeric by reducing the activity of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), lipoxygenase and inhibiting the production of cytokines such as TNF-α, interleukin (IL).

scholarly journals Current Perspectives in NSAID-Induced Gastropathy

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mau Sinha ◽  
Lovely Gautam ◽  
Prakash Kumar Shukla ◽  
Punit Kaur ◽  
Sujata Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complications ◽  
Gastrointestinal Injury ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
The World ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most highly prescribed drugs in the world. Their analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic actions may be beneficial; however, they are associated with severe side effects including gastrointestinal injury and peptic ulceration. Though several approaches for limiting these side effects have been adopted, like the use of COX-2 specific drugs, comedication of acid suppressants like proton pump inhibitors and prostaglandin analogs, these alternatives have limitations in terms of efficacy and side effects. In this paper, the mechanism of action of NSAIDs and their critical gastrointestinal complications have been reviewed. This paper also provides the information on different preventive measures prescribed to minimize such adverse effects and analyses the new suggested strategies for development of novel drugs to maintain the anti-inflammatory functions of NSAIDs along with effective gastrointestinal protection.

The role of celecoxib as a potential inhibitor in the treatment of inflammatory diseases - a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiane Viana Cruz ◽  
Joaquín María Campos Rosa ◽  
Njogu Mark Kimani ◽  
Silvana Giuliatti ◽  
Cleydson Breno Rodrigues dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Potential Inhibitor ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 1 ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Cox 2 Inhibitors

: This article presents a simplified view of celecoxib as a potential inhibitor in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) has, predominantly, two isoforms called cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). The former plays a constitutive role that is related to homeostatic effects in renal and platelets, while the latter is mainly responsible for induction of inflammatory effects. Since COX-2 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, it has been signaled as a target for the planning of anti-inflammatory intermediates. Many inhibitors developed and planned for COX-2 inhibition have presented side effects to humans, mainly in the gastrointestinal and/or cardiovascular tract. Therefore, it is necessary to design new potential COX-2 inhibitors, which are relatively safe and without side effects. To this end, of the generation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from “coxibs”, celecoxib is the only potent selective COX-2 inhibitor that is still commercially available. Thus, the compound celecoxib became a commercial prototype inhibitor for the development of anti-inflammatory agents for COX-2 enzyme. In this review, we provide highlights where such inhibition should provide a structural basis for the design of promising new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) which act as COX-2 inhibitors with lesser side effects on the human body.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and their effect on the nervous system: neurotoxicity, types, mechanism of occurrence

2021 ◽  
pp. 459-464
Author(s):  
Elmira Erfanovna Alimova ◽  
Elena Evgenievna Al-Rabadi
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Health Organization

Currently, according to the World Health Organization, about 20% of the world's population takes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs are lipophilic substances that easily penetrate the blood-brain barrier and can cause side effects from the central nervous system. Neurotoxicity (headache, dizziness, insomnia, depression, depersonalization, psychosis, and tremor occur during the treatment with indomethacin; visual impairment, drowsiness - during the treatment with meloxicam; hearing loss - when taking salicylates) ranks second after gastrotoxicity. The article describes the mechanisms of neurotoxicity that occur when taking NSAIDs.

scholarly journals Study of Osteoarthritis Treatment with Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor and Steroids

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongsik Cho ◽  
Andrew Walker ◽  
Jeb Williams ◽  
Karen A. Hasty
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Type Ii Collagen ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Cox Inhibitor ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Patients with osteoarthritis (OA), a condition characterized by cartilage degradation, are often treated with steroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective NSAIDs. Due to their inhibition of the inflammatory cascade, the drugs affect the balance of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and inflammatory cytokines, resulting in preservation of extracellular matrix (ECM). To compare the effects of these treatments on chondrocyte metabolism, TNF-αwas incubated with cultured chondrocytes to mimic a proinflammatory environment with increasing production of MMP-1 and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). The chondrocytes were then treated with either a steroid (prednisone), a nonspecific COX inhibitor NSAID (piroxicam), or a COX-2 selective NSAID (celecoxib). Both prednisone and celecoxib decreased MMP-1 and PGE-2 production while the nonspecific piroxicam decreased only the latter. Both prednisone and celecoxib decreased gene expression of MMP-1 and increased expression of aggrecan. Increased gene expression of type II collagen was also noted with celecoxib. The nonspecific piroxicam did not show these effects. The efficacy of celecoxibin vivowas investigated using a posttraumatic OA (PTOA) mouse model.In vivo, celecoxib increases aggrecan synthesis and suppresses MMP-1. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that celecoxib and steroids exert similar effects on MMP-1 and PGE2 productionin vitroand that celecoxib may demonstrate beneficial effects on anabolic metabolismin vivo.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Berchemia floribunda in LPS-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells through Regulation of NF-κB and MAPKs Signaling Pathway

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 586
Author(s):  
Hyun Ji Eo ◽  
Jun Hyuk Jang ◽  
Gwang Hun Park
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Nuclear Accumulation ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
No Production ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Berchemia floribunda (Wall.) Brongn. (BF), which belongs to Rhamnaceae, is a special plant of Anmyeon Island in Korea. BF has been reported to have antioxidant and whitening effects. However, the anti-inflammatory activity of BR has not been elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of leaves (BR-L), branches (BR-B) and fruit (BR-F) extracted with 70% ethanol of BR and elucidated the potential signaling pathway in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. BR-L showed a strong anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of NO production. BR-L significantly suppressed the production of the pro-inflammatory mediators such as iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. BR-L suppressed the degradation and phosphorylation of IκB-α, which contributed to the inhibition of p65 nuclear accumulation and NF-κB activation. BR-L obstructed the phosphorylation of MAPKs (ERK1/2, p38 and JNK) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Consequently, these results suggest that BR-L may have great potential for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs to treat acute and chronic inflammatory disorders.

scholarly journals Computational analysis of eugenol inhibitory activity in lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco das Chagas Pereira de Andrade ◽  
Anderson Nogueira Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Gastric Irritation

Abstract Chronic inflammation is triggered by numerous diseases such as osteoarthritis, Crohn's disease and cancer. The control of the pro-inflammatory process can prevent, mitigate and/or inhibit the evolution of these diseases. Therefore, anti-inflammatory drugs have been studied as possible compounds to act in these diseases. This paper proposes a computational analysis of eugenol in relation to aspirin and diclofenac and analyzing the ADMET profile and interactions with COX-2 and 5-LOX enzymes, important enzymes in the signaling pathway of pro-inflammatory processes. Through the analysis of ADMET in silico, it was found that the pharmacokinetic results of eugenol are similar to NSAIDs, such as diclofenac and aspirin. Bioinformatics analysis using coupling tests showed that eugenol can bind to COX-2 and 5-LOX. These results corroborate with different findings in the literature that demonstrate anti-inflammatory activity with less gastric irritation, bleeding and ulcerogenic side effects of eugenol. The results of bioinformatics reinforce studies that try to propose eugenol as an anti-inflammatory compound that can act in the COX-2/5-LOX pathways, replacing some NSAIDs in different diseases.

scholarly journals Non-Steroid Inflammation (Nsaid) Drug Selling Profile Based On Self-Medication Service at Mida Farma I Drugstore Gresik

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Helmi Hanifah ◽  
Pemta Tiadeka ◽  
Riskha Aulia
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Plasma Level ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Observational Method ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Inflammatory Drug ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

This study aims to determine the profile of self-medication sales of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at Mida Farma I Drugstore Gresik. It is conducted by using the observational method with data collection and observation on the Non-Steroid Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) stock cards in February 2020 at Mida Farma I Drugstore Gresik. The results show that the highest sales profile is the non-selective group of 87.68%, then the second is the COX-2 selective group of 12.32%. The most sold drug is ibuprofen of 20% and the lowest sold one is Aspirin of 14%. The pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen are it absorbs very quickly through the stomach; has a maximum plasma level that has reached 1 to 2 hours; and has low side effects

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