Demographic differences in sources of stress in higher educational institutions in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-44
Author(s):  
Ernest Owusu ◽  
◽  
Chief Bright Akomeah ◽  
Francis Duah ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Job Stress ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Personal Welfare ◽  
Sample Method ◽  
Higher Institutions

Purpose: The current research aimed to investigate demographic differences in job stress prevalence and job stress causes among the staff of universities. Research methodology: The study is based on a descriptive, quantitative, and cross-sectional research design. A sample of 100 respondents, from Sunyani Technical University, were sampled using the convenience sample method. Data were collected in a survey using a questionnaire which was designed by the researchers and administered to the respondents at their workplaces. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and One-Way Analysis of Variance. Results were presented in Tables. Results: The findings indicate that significant demographic differences exist in job stress prevalence and job stress causes. The management of universities should take into account the current findings of the research in dealing with job stress. Appropriate policies are recommended to be put in place to deal with stress related to the job to improve staff output, so as not to have a deleterious effect on staff professional work and personal welfare. Limitations: Some respondents felt reluctant to take part in the survey. The causal conclusions cannot be made based on the current findings since a causal investigation was not the focus of the study, and hence was not done. Some respondents also did not answer all the questions asked. Contributions: The paper contributes to the literature in the area of job stress sources and the role demographic factors in job stress causes in higher institutions. The work is the first of its kinds in the study institution on the role of culture and belief on job stress.

scholarly journals Exploring the Influence of Job Stress on Job Performance: Mediated By Emotional Intelligence in Educational Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Dr. Muhammad Idris ◽  
Muhammad Saqib Khan ◽  
Mati Ullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Context ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Statistical Procedures ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Higher Institutions

The job performance is vital phenomenon in the context of education sector as educational institutions might be able to obtain desired ranking only when the employees are motivated to show their best performance. There are many hindrances which are responsible to affect the employees’ performance and institutions wherein job stress is more critical. The stressed employees are not only burnout form their job but also effect their level of the performance. In this situation, “the role of emotional intelligence” is vital in determining the employees’ attitude to show their best performance. The data was collected from faculty member hailing from higher institutions and analyzed through statistical procedures to find answers of research questions. The results are significant and expected to be valuable to management of the higher institutions in revisiting their policies concerning the research issues under considerations. Some recommendations have also been extracted from the results of the study.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of injuries among Italian footballers: the role of the playing field

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 501-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Paolo Bianchi ◽  
Valter Veneziani ◽  
Michele Alberto Cantalice ◽  
Angela Notarnicola ◽  
Silvio Tafuri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Knee Injuries ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Natural Grass

BackgroundFootball has a higher injury rate compared with other team sports such as rugby, in terms of two main categories: intrinsic (individual) and extrinsic (environmental) factors. The playing field is an extrinsic risk factor which has been poorly investigated in the literature.PurposeThe aim of our study was to define the incidence and risk factors of injuries in a cohort of footballers comparing the role of three different types of playing field (hard court, natural grass or synthetic grass).Study designThis was a cross sectional prevalence study.MethodsThe population comprised footballers recruited by a convenience sample; the instrument used for the survey was an anonymous self-administered questionnaire.Results267 football players were enrolled (average age 23.4±4.8 years), of whom 33.7% (n=90/267) played on hard court, 33.0% (n=88/267) on natural grass and 33.3% (n=89/267) on synthetic grass. The overall incidence of injury was 40.1 (95% CI 34.1 to 46.8) ×1000 person-years of training, with higher values for ankle and knee injuries. Ankle injuries (aOR 0.4; P=0.021) were associated with playing on natural grass as a protective factor, while playing on natural grass seemed to be a risk factor for muscular injuries (aOR 2.3; P=0.026).ConclusionOur study showed a high lifetime prevalence of injury among footballers (57%), in particular among athletes who play and train on a hard court. We have studied a topic poorly investigated previously and provide the opportunity to understand interventions to increase the capacity of stakeholders in preventing injuries.

Awareness of patients with symptomatic gallstones regarding their own disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2305-2307
Author(s):  
Syed Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Wasim Hayat Khan ◽  
Usman Ismat Butt ◽  
Roshan Butt ◽  
Abdul Wadood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Observation Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Patient Awareness ◽  
Gall Stones ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Self Study ◽  
Symptomatic Gallstones

Aim: To evaluate the awareness of patients presenting to a government sector hospital in Lahore with gall stones regarding their disease and factors influencing it. Methodology: A cross sectional observation study was conducted at the Department of General Surgery, Services Hospital, Lahore from 1st January 2020 to 30th June 2021. A simple questionnaire to collect and analyze the data of the patients admitted for cholecystectomy. The content of the questionnaire included socio-demographic characteristics and questions to access the awareness of patients regarding gallstones. Data was entered and analyzed using EXCEL 2013. Frequencies and Percentages were calculated as descriptive statistics whereas Fisher's exact test was conducted as inferential statistics. Value of p less than 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Only 13.5% patients had a good awareness of their own disease. Direct education about the disease from doctor (p=0.0320), media (0.0316) or self-study (0.0001) were significantly related to awareness. Conclusion: The awareness of the patients with symptomatic gall stones regarding their own disease is poor. Role of physicians and lack of its impact on this needs to be investigated further. Keywords: Patient Awareness, gall stones

scholarly journals Analysis of Factors Influencing Financial Performance of Savings and Credit Co-operative Societies in Lesotho: Evidence From Maseru District

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Goodluck A. Mmari ◽  
Lebitso C. Thinyane
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Mathematical Equations

SACCOS play a major role of providing financial access to poor people who are excluded from the services of Formal Financial Institutions (FFIs). However, they also face number of challenges which may affect their performance. Most of the previous studies in the area of SACCOS did not concentrate on their performance. The aim of this study therefore was to assess performance of SACCOS in Maseru District, Lesotho. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design where data were collected at one point in time. A sample size of 369 respondents was computed by the use of formula by Yamane (1967). Respondents in the sample were selected by using simple random sampling technique. However, respondents from individual SACCOS were proportional to the total number of members in particular SACCOS. This was done in order to make the sample representative of all SACCOS in the study area. Analyses of data were done by using different techniques which include: mathematical equations (i to vii); different financial ratios; tables; graphs; bar charts and other types of descriptive statistics like mode and percentages. It was found that socio economic characteristics of members were supportive to financial performance of the SACCOS. Furthermore, SACCOS in the study area achieved high performance in terms of ratios of members’ capital; loan delinquency; volumes of savings in the SACCOS; and growth of total assets. On the other hand, the SACCOS realised poor financial performance in terms of ratio of fixed assets to total assets; and share capital owned by members.

Spirituality and quality of life in women with breast cancer: The role of hope and educational attainment

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Saeed Pahlevan Sharif ◽  
Rebecca H. Lehto ◽  
Mohammadreza Amiri ◽  
Ashraf Sadat Ahadzadeh ◽  
Hamid Sharif Nia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Higher Educational Attainment ◽  
Spiritual Counseling

Abstract Objective This study investigated relationships among spirituality, hope, and overall quality of life in Muslim women with breast cancer in Malaysia. Method A cross-sectional descriptive design with a convenience sample of 145 Malay patients was used. The mediating role of hope in the relationship between spirituality and quality of life as well as the moderating effect of education level on the spirituality hope link were examined. Results Participants with higher self-reported spirituality reported more hope (b = 6.345, p < 0.001) and higher levels of quality of life (b = 1.065, p < 0.001). Higher educational attainment weakened relationships between spirituality and hope (b = −1.460, p < 0.001). Significance of results The role of advanced education in contributing to lessened hope in relation to spirituality emphasizes the importance of skilled and personalized spiritual counseling in the respective socio-cultural religious context.

Job stress and organizational commitment in hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inas Mohammed Saadeh ◽  
Taghrid Saleh Suifan
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to examine the effect of job stress on perceived organizational support (POS) and organizational commitment in hospitals in Amman, Jordan. It also investigated the mediating role of POS on the relationship between job stress and organizational commitment. Design/methodology/approach The study used a cross-sectional, quantitative survey design to collect data from 500 employees in six hospitals in Amman, Jordan. An Arabic version of a reliable and valid measurement instrument was used. A convenience sample was selected from employees in the targeted hospitals. Mediating effect was tested using the approach proposed by Baron and Kenny (1986). Validity and reliability tests were applied, and regression analyses were used to test the study hypotheses. Findings The results revealed a significant negative effect of job stress on POS and organizational commitment. The results also indicated full negative mediating effect of POS on the relationship between job stress and organizational commitment. Practical implications This research promotes hospitals to implement strategies that reduce employees’ job stress, increase levels of POS among employees working at hospitals, which, in turn, will enhance employees’ commitment to their hospitals. Originality/value This study is one of the first to investigate the proposed effects in Jordan in particular, and the Middle East in general. In addition, it contributes to the literature by examining the mediating effect of POS on the relationship between job stress and organizational commitment. Recommendations are provided to practitioners in hospitals based on the study results.

scholarly journals Measuring nurses’ moral courage: an explorative study

2021 ◽  
pp. 096973302110032
Author(s):  
Kasper Jean-Pierre Konings ◽  
Chris Gastmans ◽  
Olivia Hanneli Numminen ◽  
Roelant Claerhout ◽  
Glenn Aerts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Moral Courage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Dutch Translation ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
The University

Background: The 21-item Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale was developed and validated in 2018 in Finland with the purpose of measuring moral courage among nurses. Objectives: The objective of this study was to make a Dutch translation of the Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale to describe the level of nurses’ self-assessed moral courage and associated socio-demographic factors in Flanders, Belgium. Research design: A forward–backward translation method was applied to translate the English Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale to Dutch, and a pilot study was conducted to improve readability and understandability. A non-experimental, descriptive cross-sectional exploratory design was used to conduct a survey. Descriptive analysis was used. Participants: The data were collected from a convenience sample of 559 nurses from two hospitals in Flanders. Ethical considerations: Ethical approval was obtained from the university ethics committee, permission to conduct the study was obtained from the participating hospitals. Participants received a guide letter and gave their informed consent. Findings: The readability and understandability of the Dutch Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale were positively evaluated, and the scale revealed a good level of internal consistency for the total scale (α = .914) and all subscales. Nurses’ mean score of the 21-item Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale was 3.77 (standard deviation = 0.537). The total Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale score was associated with age (p < .001), experience (p < .001), professional function (p = .002), level of education (p = .002) and personal interest (p < .001). Discussion and Conclusion: The Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale was successfully translated to Dutch. The Flemish nurses perceived themselves as morally courageous, especially when they were in a direct interpersonal relationship with their patients. Acting courageously in ethical dilemmas that involved other actors or organizations appeared to be more challenging. The results strongly suggest the important role of education and ethical leadership in developing and supporting this essential virtue in nursing practice.

scholarly journals Level of patients’ knowledge, confidence, and acceptance regarding the role of residents in a family medicine teaching clinic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise Babin ◽  
Isabelle Cormier ◽  
Sylvie Champagne ◽  
Jason MacIntosh ◽  
Dany Saucier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Residents ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Level Of Confidence ◽  
Teaching Clinic ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Background: Although participation of patients is essential for completing the training of medical residents, little is known about the relationships among patients’ level of knowledge about the role and responsibilities of medical residents, their confidence in residents’ abilities, and their acceptance toward receiving care from residents. The study sought to clarify if and how these three patient-resident relationship components are interrelated. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire distributed in 2016 to a convenience sample of adult patients (≥ 18 years old) visiting a family medicine teaching clinic. Proportions and chi-square statistics were used to describe and compare groups, respectively. Results: Of the 471 patients who answered the questionnaire, only 28% were found to be knowledgeable about the role of family medicine residents. Between 54% and 83% of patients reported being highly confident in the ability of residents to perform five routine tasks. Of the patients surveyed, 69% agreed to see a resident during their next appointments. Patients with a high level of confidence in residents’ abilities were more likely to agree to see a resident during future appointments (p <0.0001). There was no significant association between level of knowledge and either confidence or acceptance. Conclusions: Although the majority of patients had poor knowledge about the role of residents, this was not related to their acceptance of being cared for by residents. A higher level of confidence in residents’ ability to perform certain tasks was associated with greater acceptance toward seeing a resident during future appointments.

scholarly journals Situational Use of Child Restraint Systems and Carpooling Behaviors in Parents and Caregivers

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine McDonald ◽  
Erin Kennedy ◽  
Linda Fleisher ◽  
Mark Zonfrillo
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
The United States ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crash ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Booster Seat ◽  
Booster Seats ◽  
Child Restraint

Suboptimal compliance with child restraint system (CRS) recommendations can increase risk for injury or death in a motor vehicle crash. The purpose of this study was to examine scenarios associated with incomplete CRS use and non-use in children ages 4–10 years. We used a cross-sectional online survey with a convenience sample of parent/caregivers from the United States, age ≥18 years, with a child age 4–10 years in their home, who could read and spoke English, and drove child ≥6 times in previous three months. We used descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U to describe and compare the distribution of responses to situational use of CRSs among car seat users and booster seat users. We also used descriptive statistics and the Mann-Whitney U to describe and compare the distribution of responses to carpooling items among booster seat users and non-booster seat users. There were significant differences among those who reported most often using booster seats (n = 282) and car seats (n = 127) in situations involving rental cars, driving just around the corner, car too crowded to fit the CRS, not enough CRSs in the vehicle, the CRS is missing from the car, or the child is in someone else’s car without a CRS (p < 0.05). Among those who reported most often using booster seats and who carpooled other children (n = 159), 71.7% (n = 114) always used a booster seat for their own child. When carpooling other children, booster seat users were significantly more likely to use booster seats for other children ages 4–10 than the non-booster seat users (p < 0.01). Continued education and programs surrounding CRS use is critical, particularly for children who should be in booster seats.

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