scholarly journals Eco-Friendly and Edible Waste Cutlery for Sustainable Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1S4) ◽  
pp. 615-624
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Sustainable Environment ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
The World ◽  
Enormous Amount ◽  
Rapid Industrialization

Rapid industrialization and urbanization has caused the production of enormous amount of solid wastes. Many nations today are facing environmental pollution due to improper solid waste disposal. Especially, plastic waste disposal has increased rapidly in the last few decades. Researchers are working on safely disposing the solid wastes and recovering wealth out these waste materials. With a view of reducing plastic waste disposal and protecting the health of people, many entrepreneurs have developed an innovative tableware which is edible as well as bio-degradable. This aim of this paper is to review the bits and pieces of work being done on edible tableware in various parts of the world. In addition, the edible tableware developed by individual artists has also been reviewed. The future scope of research in this domain has also been looked at towards the end of this review. We believe that edible tableware could be a potential source for replacement of plastic utensils, thereby providing scope for environmental protection, leading to sustainable development.

SOLID WASTES PROBLEMS AND PROGRAMS: A CHALLENGE TO THE PROFESSIONAL SANITARIAN1

1969 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-65
Author(s):  
Donald A. Townley
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
The Public ◽  
Environmental Health Problem

This paper is expected to encourage the professional sanitarian to seriously consider problems related to solid waste disposal. It is divided into four specific parts: (a) solid waste disposal, a universal environmental health problem; (b) public awareness;(c) the Solid Waste Disposal Act; and (d) solid waste disposal–a challenge. The term “solid waste disposal” includes storage at the point of production, collection, and transportation to the point of ultimate disposal. Solid waste disposal is an important facet of most all environmental sanitation programs. Today the professional sanitarian knows that many diseases are spread by improper solid waste disposal. In addition, improper solid waste disposal adversely affects many aspects of the environment. Until quite recently, public interest in solid waste disposal was minimal. This interest currently is high and the public expects appropriate action on the part of someone. The Solid Waste Disposal Act is indicative of public interest and provides several areas for improving solid waste disposal practices of the nation. Solid waste disposal presents a challenge to the professional sanitarian, and provides him with a real opportunity to fill the void in today's solid waste disposal management.

Source Separation Research of Municipal Solid Waste

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 3609-3612
Author(s):  
Ran Wei ◽  
Shi Yong Sun
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Source Separation ◽  
Management Options ◽  
The World ◽  
Enormous Amount

An enormous amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) has increasingly become a threat for many cities around the world. As an effective method of waste disposal, source separation program of MSW is concerned by more and more researchers across disciplines with other waste management options for the purpose of abating degradation in urban environment. The purpose of this article is to present the achievements of theoretical and empirical studies in the field of source-separation programs around the world in recent years, which may provide a new insight of environmental problems into decision making of governments and citizens.

scholarly journals Behavior of Polypropylene Filled Cold Formed Steel Profiles – Part A: Bending & Shear

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahyar Maali
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Shear Behavior ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Shear Tests ◽  
The World ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Waste Polypropylene ◽  
Day By Day

Plastic waste is one of the most important problems that have occurred with modernization in the world and in our country. The use of plastics, which makes our daily life easier at many points, is also increasing day by day. The recycling and re-usability of these waste materials after use are of great importance and meaning when evaluated in terms of ecological order. In this study, finely ground waste polypropylene, which became waste, were poured into cold formed I100 and U100 steel profile molds. Carbon and glass fibers were used as reinforcement within the 16 samples. After melting, the behavior of I100and U100 molds filled with polypropylene will be observed after bending and shear tests on the samples. In the study, eight specimens for I100 and eight specimens for U100 profiles were produced. The main purpose of the cold formed steel in the production of I100 and U100 models is to enhance the bending and shear behavior of the models. As a result, the melted polypropylene within the cold formed I and U type models are presented a stunning performance.

scholarly journals Efficacious Waste Organisation in Urban Areas: A Case Study of Bauchi City

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 160-167
Author(s):  
Michael C.O. Ajufoh ◽  
Murtala A. Babaji
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Management Concepts ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Waste Management Practices

Waste management is the collection, transportation, processing, recycling or disposal of waste materials. The term usually relates to materials produced by human activity and is generally undertaken to reduce their effect on health, aesthetics, amenity and the environment and also to recover resources. Waste management can involve solid liquid or gaseous substances with different methods and fields of emphasis for each. Waste management practices differ for developed, developing nations, for urban and rural areas, and for residential and industrial production. This paper tries to deal with illegal and unplanned solid waste disposal; it also attempts to proffer solutions to the problem of improper waste disposal through incineration and recycling of metals, cellophane and Teflon and how Bauchi state can generate some revenue through the recycling of these waste materials. The paper also tries to educate on the problems associated with landfills while dealing briefly, on the advantages of biological processing and also how waste can be avoided and reduced. The paper also tries to present waste management concepts in relation to Bauchi city.

scholarly journals An Application of the Transhipment Model in Planning Regional Solid Waste Disposal Systems

1975 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
C. T. K. Ching ◽  
P. E. Tonks
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
State Legislature ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Open Burning

An important component of the current interests in environmental problems concerns solid waste. Not only has public interest in solid waste disposal been substantial, but legislators have restricted ways by which solid wastes may be disposed. New Hampshire's State Legislature, for example, has passed a law requiring municipalities to cease all open burning by 1975.

Valorization of Tannery Solid Waste Materials Using Microbial Techniques

2018 ◽  
pp. 127-145
Author(s):  
Thazeem Basheer ◽  
Mridul Umesh
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Rapid Industrialization ◽  
Tannery Solid Waste ◽  
Financial Burdens

This chapter describes how environmental pollution is the major problem associated with rapid industrialization, due to which the quantity of solid waste generated from the industries is increasing substantially. Solid wastes generated in leather industries are briefly classified into pre-tanned and post-tanned wastes. Although landfills, composting, anaerobic digestion and thermal incineration are available for disposal of these solid wastes, they do again pose severe environmental and financial burdens to the tanners. Microbe-mediated tannery solid waste management points to the recovery of value-added products from these wastes. Microbial valorization of tannery solid wastes for the production of saleable products would be a convincing, challenging and eco-friendly opening for its utilization when compared to that of chemical and thermal hydrolysis. Exploitation of traditional chemicals could be reduced and innovative products could be recovered, enabling sustainable solid waste management. This would ultimately alleviate the solid waste disposal problems and financial crisis faced by the tanners.

scholarly journals Shredder machine for plastic recycling: A review paper

2022 ◽  
Vol 1217 (1) ◽  
pp. 012007
Author(s):  
J H Wong ◽  
M J H Gan ◽  
B L Chua ◽  
M Gakim ◽  
N J Siambun
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Critical Components

Abstract Plastic pollution has become a global concern due to poor plastic waste disposal management. As an alternative, independent recycling efforts are necessary. A Plastic shredder machine is a preliminary machine used to cut plastic waste into small pieces before turning it into useful products. The concept design of the shredder machine that is currently available is fairly similar. The shaft and blades are the critical components in the shredder machine that determines its performance. The geometry and orientation of the blades that were fitted into the single or double-shafts were found to directly affect the shredding performance. Therefore, this article aims to review the various geometry and orientations of the blades that give direct effect on the shredding performance, as well as identifying the research gaps related to the shredder machine for plastic waste materials

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Potential Impacts of Agricultural and Industrial Waste Pozzolanic Binders on Strengths of Concrete

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Nadir ◽  
◽  
Ash Ahmed ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Optimum Quantity ◽  
The World ◽  
Maximum Compressive Strength

Concrete is one of the most widely used construction material in the world which uses aggregates and cement as a binder. Use of cement concrete and mining/ transportation of raw materials makes the construction industry the biggest emitter of CO2 by contributing up to 7-10% of global emissions. The waste materials from different industries and agriculture contribute to 90% of waste disposal/ recycling effort in the world. This research has focused to use a selection of waste materials as supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) to minimize the emission of CO2 and recycling/ absorption of waste from other industries to construction industry to make it more sustainable. The contemporary research has established use of pulverized fly ash (PFA), silica fume (SF), metakaolin (MK) and granulated ground blast furnace slag (GGBS) as suitable SCMs. This study has focused on using two established industrial waste SF and MK and two agricultural wastes, rice husk ash (RHA) and palm ash (PA), to determine and compare their potential use as pozzolanic SCMs and to expand the family of alternative pozzolanic binders in addition to PFA and GGBS. The w/c (w/b) ratio was 0.4 with an intended design mix strength classification of C50/60. The chemical composition of all the materials was determined through x-ray spectrometry/ diffraction test to ascertain the chemistry. All four materials satisfied the ASTM constituent criteria for pozzolans. In comparison to the control mix (100% cement content), all these materials improved the compressive strength from 2.5% to 30% and enhanced tensile strength from up to 17%, indeed all the SCM mixes had a higher compressive strength than the control. RHA exhibited the best performance in agricultural waste with 10% optimum quantity to give maximum compressive strength of 83 MPa and PA exhibited the optimum performance with 2.5% content and gave maximum compressive strength of 78 MPa. The addition of MK progressively increased the compressive strength with 20% content mix giving a strength of 84 MPa. The SF performed the best at optimum quantity of 2.5% and exhibited the highest compressive strength of 90 MPa. The results suggest that these SCM based concrete are recommended for formulation of high-strength concrete applications, i.e., 60+ MPa. Furthermore, all the SCMs had at least one mix which satisfied the C60/75 classification without reducing the w/b ratio below 0.4; this has significant positive ramifications for the development of sustainable high-performance concrete. The absorption of waste materials from industrial and agricultural fields can substantially reduce waste disposal and more pertinently facilitate in reducing the CO2 emission associated with the construction industry

scholarly journals Çevre Korunmasında Atığın Atıkla Giderilmesi Prensibi / Principle Of Removal With Waste Of Waste In Environmental Protection

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
Utkan Özdemir ◽  
Gonca Al
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal

Çevresel problemler göz önüne alındığında, katı atıkların bertarafı birçok dünya ülkesinin temel problemlerinden birisidir. Bu doğrultuda farklı kaynaklarda oluşan ve büyük ölçüde çeşitlilik gösteren katı atıkların bir kısmının tekrar kullanımı hedeflenmektedir. Böylece ekonomik fayda sağlanmaya çalışılmaktadır. Katı atıkların yarattığı çevre kirliliğine, su kaynaklarında meydana gelen ekolojik problemlerin de eklenmesi insanlık için daha büyük risklerin habercisidir. Dolayısıyla katı atıkların bertarafında önemli yeri olan tekrar kullanımın, sadece ekonomik faydası değil, atığın atıkla giderim esasına katkısı da tartışılmaya başlanmıştır. Tüketim hızının giderek arttığı dünyada, özellikle tarımsal kökenli atıkların, su arıtımında adsorbent olarak kullanılmasıyla yüksek arıtma verimleri sağlandığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bu durumu takip eden çeşitli araştırmalar, muz kabuğu, ayçiçeği sapı, pirinç kabuğu, portakal kabuğu gibi tarımsal kökenli atıkların yanı sıra kül ve arıtma çamuru gibi atıkların da organik ve inorganik bir takım kirleticilerin su ortamından arıtılmasında önemli rol oynadıklarını göstermiştir. Böylece adsorbent maliyeti nedeniyle çoğu zaman işletmeler tarafından uygun görülmeyen ve pilot ölçekli çalışma olarak kalan adsorpsiyon prosesinin kullanılabilirliğinin arttırılması şansı doğmuştur. Adsorpsiyon proseslerinin yaygınlaştırılması ile atıksu arıtımında elde edilebilecek yüksek verimlerin yanı sıra bu proseslerde adsorbent olarak kullanılan atıkların bertarafı da sağlanmış olacaktır. Aynı zamanda bu durum atıkların başka proseslerde de benzer şekilde değerlendirilmelerinin önünü açmaktadır. Bu çalışmada özellikle endüstriyel bazda kullanımlarında ekonomik ve çevresel faydalar sağlayacak atık kökenli adsorbentlerin türleri ve kapasiteleri karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Principle Of Removal With Waste Of Waste In Environmental Protection Solid wastes disposal is one of the fundamental environmental problems of many world countries. By this way reusing of some parts of solid wastes which composed in different sources and shown large scale variety have been aimed. So these ways have been aimed to provide economic benefits. Ecological problems of water resources have been added to solid wastes impurity and these facts have shown bigger risks for humanity. So reusing which is more important of solid waste disposal makes a contribution to waste removal with waste except economical benefits. Especially researchers have been observed to agricultural adsorbents efficiency on the adsorption of water treatment. Some of different research shown that inorganic wastes like ash and sewage sludge as important as agricultural wastes like banana peel, sunflower stem, rice husk, orange peel on wastewater treatment. In this way adsorption’s availability is getting higher for process. High treatment efficiency on wastewater treatment and waste disposal will actualize by adsorption. And these will be example for the other process. In this study, economical and environmental benefits of waste material adsorbents’ species and capacities were evaluated for especially industrial process.

Solid Waste Management: A Case Study of Arppukara Grama Panchayat Of Kottayam District, Kerala (India)

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-58
Author(s):  
K.S. Ashalakshmi ◽  
P. Arunachalam
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
Combustion Properties

In recent years, the flow of solid wastes in all over the world has been increasing. There is no question, that, this trend poses ever-increasing problems for society. Already, many cities are having trouble in disposing of mounting heaps of trash. Neighboring areas are reluctant to serve as the cities dumps and locations, that are suitable for land fill operations are getting scarce. Other methods of waste disposal are now recognized to create problems of their own. Burning garbage pollutes the air, while treatment of liquid wastes leaves sludge, which must be disposed of. Moreover, dumping wastes into the ocean and other water bodies is not costless to society; sludge dumped in to the sea can kill or contaminate marine life and pollute nearby waters and beaches. The changing composition of solid wastes also adds to the problem of disposal. For example, plastics, (which are non-degradable and often have harmful combustion properties) make up an increasing percentage of solid wastes. All in all the problem of solid waste disposal can hardly be viewed with equanimity, ie, it surely represents a major environmental problems, that is likely to grow worse`. Economic growth leads to urbanization and urbanization leads to environmental waste pollution. The proper and efficient way of handling the waste materials requires a good deal of total sanitation and public awareness programmes. Public should be aware of the necessity of hygienic disposal of wastes generated. It is really a matter of great concern for the present however, because, waste generation seems increasing, in spite of local and global agendas to curb it, and because it directly impacts resources, environment, health, welfare etc.

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