scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Biomass Fuel Driven EFMGT Cycle

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 2421-2425
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Biomass Fuel ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Electrical Power Output

Biomass fuel as carbon neutral, abundant, domestic, cost effective is being reconsidered to fuel-up the power plant to produce electricity in clean way. But utilization of biomass fuel directly in existing conventional power plant causes problem in turbine such as erosion, hot corrosion, clogging and depositions [1]. As such combustion of biomass fuel outside the primary cycle eradicates potential hazards for turbine. In such a case indirectly fired micro gas turbine opens a door to biomass fuel as this technology is free from negative aspects of direct combustion as well as making micro gas turbine feasible to generate electricity in small scale at non-grid areas for individual consumer or group of consumers. In this research, the effect of different types of biomass fuel on operating parameters as well as on output electrical power of externally fired micro gas turbine (EFmGT)has been analyzed. The biomass fuels are categorized on the basis of air to fuel ratio (AFR) using stoichiometry combustion theory. It is found from results that parameters like air mass flow rate, compression ratio, heat exchanger effectiveness, turbine inlet temperature, combustion temperature, and temperature difference in heat exchanger affect the performance of EFmGT. Also types of biomass fuel have substantial impacts on these performance parameters as well as on electrical power output of EFmGT cycle.

scholarly journals A Test Rig for the Experimental Investigation of a MGT/SOFC Hybrid Power Plant Based on a 3kWel Micro Gas Turbine

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 02012
Author(s):  
Martina Hohloch ◽  
Melanie Herbst ◽  
Anna Marcellan ◽  
Timo Lingstädt ◽  
Thomas Krummrein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Hybrid Power Plant ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Electrical Power Output

A hybrid power plant consisting of a micro gas turbine (MGT) and a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a promising technology to reach the demands for future power plants. DLR aims to set up a MGT/SOFC hybrid power plant demonstrator based on a 3 kWel MTT EnerTwin micro gas turbine and an SOFC module with an electrical power output of 30 kWel from Sunfire. For the detailed investigation of the subsystems under hybrid conditions two separate test rigs are set up, one in which the MGT is connected to an emulator of the SOFC and vice versa. The paper introduces the set-up and the functionalities of the MGT based test rig. The special features are highlighted and the possibilities of the cyber physical system for emulation of a hybrid system are explained.

Experimental Investigation of a FLOX®-Based Combustor for a Small-Scale Gas Turbine Based CHP System Under Atmospheric Conditions

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Seliger ◽  
Andreas Huber ◽  
Manfred Aigner
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Electrical Power Output ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emissions

This paper presents a comprehensive experimental investigation of a newly designed single-stage combustion system based on the flameless oxidation (FLOX®) technology for a small scale micro gas turbine (MGT). It is used for a combined heat and power plant (CHP) with an electrical power output of 3 kW, using natural gas as fuel. Flameless oxidation is characterized by a flame distributed over a large volume and a high internal recirculation of flue gas. Considering the high combustor inlet temperatures up to 1000 K as required for this application, the FLOX®-combustion concept offers various advantages compared to swirl-stabilized combustion systems in terms of flashback risk and exhaust gas emissions. This paper describes the detailed characterization of the jet-stabilized combustor. Two versions of the combustor were tested, one generic and one modified version suitable for the integration into the micro gas turbine at an atmospheric test rig with optical access. The stable operating range, including lean blow out (LBO) limits, was determined for varying equivalence ratios, thermal powers and preheat temperatures. The influence of these parameters on the combustion characteristics is discussed. Furthermore, the shape and location of the heat release zone is investigated with OH*-chemiluminescence (OH* CL). The exhaust gas emissions NOx, CO and unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) were also measured. The results demonstrate that the developed combustor design ensures stable and reliable performance. It also offers a high operational flexibility and low pressure loss with NOx, CO and UHC emissions far below regulation limits for all relevant engine conditions.

Experimental Investigation of the Impact of Biogas on a 3 kW Micro Gas Turbine FLOX®-Based Combustor

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Seliger-Ost ◽  
Peter Kutne ◽  
Jan Zanger ◽  
Manfred Aigner
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Fuel Mixtures ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Electrical Power Output ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The use of biogas has currently two disadvantages. Firstly, processing biogas to natural gas quality for feeding into the natural gas grid is a rather energy consuming process. Secondly, the conversion into electricity directly in biogas plants produces waste heat, which largely cannot be used. Therefore, a feed-in of the desulfurized and dry biogas to local biogas grids would be preferable. Thus, the biogas could be used directly at the end consumer for heat and power production. As biogas varies in its methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) content, respectively, this paper studies the influence of different biogas mixtures compared to natural gas on the combustion in a FLOX®-based six nozzle combustor. The single staged combustor is suitable for the use in a micro gas turbine (MGT) based combined heat and power (CHP) system with an electrical power output of 3 kW. The combustor is studied in an optically accessible atmospheric test rig, as well as integrated into the MGT system. This paper focuses on the influence of the admixture of CO2 to natural gas on the NOX and CO emissions. Furthermore, at atmospheric conditions the shape and location of the heat release zone is investigated using OH* chemiluminescence (OH* CL). The combustor could be stably operated in the MGT within the complete stationary operating range with all fuel mixtures.

scholarly journals Conceptual Design of a Pulverized Coal Furnace for a Utility Size Closed-Cycle, Gas-Turbine Power Plant

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Strumpf
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Temperature Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet

A study has recently been completed for the Department of Energy on the conceptual design of coal-fired, closed-cycle, gas-turbine power plants that operate at high turbine-inlet temperatures and use air as the cycle fluid. This paper describes the design of one type of heater system for such a power plant — a pulverized coal furnace. Designs are presented for a 1550 F (843 C) turbine inlet temperature cycle that utilizes metallic superalloy heat exchanger tubes and a 1750 F (954 C) turbine inlet temperature cycle that utilizes ceramic heat exchanger tubes. The heaters consist of two sections — a radiant section where heat is transferred primarily by radiation from the pulverized coal luminous flame, and a convective section where heat is transferred primarily by forced convection from the nonluminous combustion gas. To maintain flame stability in the furnace, a minimum power density criterion must be met. This requires modularization of the radiant heaters.

High Performance and Cost Effective Recuperator for Micro-Gas Turbines

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Lagerstro¨m ◽  
Max Xie
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Air Inlet ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Air Cells

Rekuperator Svenska AB owned by VOLVO Technology Transfer Corporation and Avesta Polarit, has successfully developed a completely laser welded recuperator for micro-gas turbine applications. Tests have shown that the thermal performance is very competitive. The recuperator was installed in a 100 kW(e) micro-gas turbine power plant for combined electricity and heat generation by a customer. The recuperator is a primary surface counter flow heat exchanger with cross corrugated duct configuration. The primary heat transfer surface plate patterns are stamped and a pair of the plates are laser welded to form an air cell. The air cells are then stacked and laser welded together to form the recuperator core which is tied between two end beams. Manifolds for air inlet and outlet as well as piping system are welded to the core. Through varying the number of air cells the recuperator core can easily be adapted for micro-gas turbine applications with different output rates of electrical power. The key manufacturing technologies are stamping of the air cell plates and laser welding of the air cells. These processes can be fully automated for mass production at low costs.

Experimental Investigation of a SOFC/MGT Hybrid Power Plant Test Rig: Impact and Characterization of a Fuel Cell Emulator

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Hohloch ◽  
Andreas Huber ◽  
Manfred Aigner
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Hybrid Power Plant ◽  
Plant Test

The main topic of the paper is the experimental investigation of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) / micro gas turbine (MGT) hybrid power plant test rig. This comprises the proof of concept, the characterization of the operational range and the influence of the coupling on the MGT. The operational concept of the hybrid power plant is designed to reach a maximum flexibility in electrical power output. Therefore the power plant is operated at different MGT shaft speeds and electrical power outputs of the SOFC, thus leading to different SOFC temperatures. Instead of a real fuel cell an emulator was developed and built to emulate the fluid dynamic and thermodynamic behavior of a real SOFC. The test rig is based on a Turbec T100PH micro gas turbine. A specially designed interface connects the facility to the tubing system and the SOFC emulator. For the present investigation the SOFC emulator has been equipped with a gas preheater. It emulates the varying heat output of the fuel cell. The gas preheater is composed of a natural gas combustor based on the FLOX® technology, with a swirl-stabilized pilot stage and allows a wide range of emulating different SOFC outlet temperatures. In addition installations have been integrated into a pressure vessel, representing the SOFC cathode volume, to analyze the increase in residence time and pressure loss. Initially three different configurations of the test rig, no SOFC emulator – tube only, SOFC emulator with pressure vessels and fully equipped SOFC emulator (pressure vessels, installations and gas preheater) are compared regarding the influence of the different volumes, residence times and pressure losses. The operating range of the test rig equipped with gas preheater in cold (no fuel) as well as in hot conditions is investigated. As the velocity at the entrance of the gas turbine combustor increases with increased fuel cell outlet temperature the surge margin is strongly influenced. The operating range was determined for different shaft speeds and preheating (SOFC outlet) temperatures. Finally the transient behavior of the gas preheater and its impact on the MGT is analyzed. The results provide the required basis to implement a cyber physical system, in which the SOFC emulator is controlled by a SOFC model, as well as the basis for the real coupling of MGT and SOFC.

scholarly journals AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IMPACT ON MICRO GAS TURBINES: EXPERIMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iacopo Rossi ◽  
Alberto Traverso
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine

In the panorama of gas turbines for energy production, a great relevance is given to performance impact of the ambient conditions. Under the influence of ambient temperature, humidity and other factors, the engine performance is subject to consistent variations. This is true for large power plants as well as small engines. In Combined Cycle configuration, variation in performance are mitigated by the HRSG and the bottoming steam cycle. In a small scale system, such as a micro gas turbine, the influence on the electric and thermal power productions is strong as well, and is not mitigated by a bottoming cycle. This work focuses on the Turbec T100 micro gas turbine and its performance through a series of operations with different ambient temperatures. The goal is to characterize the engine performance deriving simple correlations for the influence of ambient temperature on performance, at different electrical loads. The newly obtained experimental data are compared with previous performance curves on a modified machine, to capture the differences due to hardware degradation in time. An active management of the compressor inlet temperature may be developed in the future, basing on the analysis reported here.

scholarly journals The Increasing Role of Heat Exchangers in Gas Turbine Plants

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin F. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Prime Movers

In the introductory phase of gas turbine deployment for industrial service there was a natural reluctance to incorporate heat exchangers, although some variants included recuperators and intercoolers to enhance performance, since only modest values of compressor and turbine efficiency could be realized. Today, following half a century of intensive development, the situation is quite different, since high turbomachinery efficiencies contribute to attractive levels of performance for contemporary simple cycle plants. Because further aerodynamic advancements are likely to be incremental in nature, significant increase in plant performance can only be realized by either going to higher turbine inlet temperature, or utilizing more complex thermodynamic cycles, or both. It is in the latter two cases that heat exchangers will play an increasing role in the evolutionary advancement of gas turbine plant efficiency. This paper highlights the potential use of heat exchangers for a wide range of gas turbine applications, including industrial prime-movers, electrical power generation, marine service, and perhaps their ultimate use in aircraft propulsion systems. In the last decade, significant heat exchanger technology advancements have been made, to the point where previous impediments (to their widespread acceptance) associated with reliability, have been overcome. It is encouraging that today many proven heat exchanger hardware options are available to gas turbine users, and this will enhance their utilization across the full spectrum of applications, and indeed in the long-term may well make the simple cycle gas turbine obsolete.

Experimental Characterization of a Micro Gas Turbine Test Rig

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Hohloch ◽  
Jan Zanger ◽  
Axel Widenhorn ◽  
Manfred Aigner
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Electrical Power Output ◽  
The Impact

For the development of efficient and fuel flexible decentralized power plant concepts a test rig based on the Turbec T100 micro gas turbine is operated at the DLR Institute of Combustion Technology. This paper reports the characterization of the transient operating performance of the micro gas turbine by selected transient maneuvers like start-up, load change and shut-down. The transient maneuvers can be affected by specifying either the electrical power output or the turbine speed. The impact of the two different operation strategies on the behavior of the engine is explained. At selected stationary load points the performance of the gas turbine components is characterized by using the measured thermodynamic and fluid dynamic quantities. In addition the impact of different turbine outlet temperatures on the performance of the gas turbine is worked out. The resulting data set can be used for validation of numerical simulation and as a base for further investigations on micro gas turbines.

Numerical Study of a Small-Scale Micro Gas Turbine-ORC Power Plant Integrated With a Biomass Gasifier

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Reale ◽  
Raniero Sannino ◽  
Raffaela Calabria ◽  
Patrizio Massoli
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Stability ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
High Hydrogen ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Fuel Blends

Abstract The paper is focused on coupling a small-scale power plant, based on a micro gas turbine (mGT) and a bottoming Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), with a biomass gasifier. The aim of this study is to define the optimal strategies to maximize the benefits related to distributed generation and to promote the organic solid waste gasification, in terms of energy efficiency and renewable sources exploitation. In particular, they were investigated the energetic performances of the system when the micro gas turbine was fed with several fuel blends, made by specific volume concentration of syngas and biogas. The low heating value of both considered fuels implies the necessity of operating the mGT in peculiar conditions as determined by the performance maps of compressor and turbine. Then, the thermodynamic analyses of the whole energy system have been carried out to evaluate the performance for each fuel. The high hydrogen content of syngas and the different thermodynamic properties of the studied fuel blends required a deeper investigation of the combustion process. In order to analyze the combustion stability and the fluid dynamic aspects, an accurate investigation of combustion chamber has been performed through a CFD solver. Finally, a comparison of the plant performances for each fuel blend have been reported, along with opportunities and critical aspects related to power plant integration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document