scholarly journals Muntingia Calabura: Potential Source of Pharmacologically Active Substances

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S6) ◽  
pp. 518-521
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Study ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Natural Drugs ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Herbal Formulations ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Muntingia Calabura

Plants are generally measured as origin of natural drugs and are extensively used in herbal formulations. Muntingia calabura (Muntingeaceae) is indigenous to Central America and Southern Mexico It is abundantly disseminated throughout Asian countries especially in India. The present research was done on the isolation, pharmacological study of the isolated compounds derived from root heart wood and bark of the root of Muntingia calabura. For this study, six compounds were taken into account and later it was divided into two categories as flavonoids and chalcones. The isolated compounds were further screened for their attributed pharmacological traits. All the compounds screened noticed to possess significant medicinal properties.

scholarly journals Natural Products and Biological Activity of the Pharmacologically Active Cauliflower MushroomSparassis crispa

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Physiologically Active Substances ◽  
Sparassis Crispa ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Active Substances

Sparassis crispa, also known as cauliflower mushroom, is an edible mushroom with medicinal properties. Its cultivation became popular in Japan about 10 years ago, a phenomenon that has been attributed not only to the quality of its taste, but also to its potential for therapeutic applications. Herein, I present a comprehensive summary of the pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action of its bioactive components, such as beta-glucan, and other physiologically active substances. In particular, the immunomodulatory mechanisms of the beta-glucan components are presented herein in detail.

Medicinal Chemistry of Alternative Therapeutics: Novelty and Hopes with Genus Ammannia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 784-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harish C. Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Herbal Formulations

The plants have formed the basis of folklore remedy since the beginning of human civilization. The cumulative human endeavor and experience over a period of thousands of years developed into well to organize traditional medicine systems viz. Ayurvedic, Unani, Chinese amongst others. Across the world, traditional medicine is either the mainstay of health care or serves as a complement to modern drugs. In view of worldwide use of traditional medicines, World Health Organization launched ‘WHO-Traditional Medicine Strategy 2014-2023’ for the development of strong policies regarding knowledge-base, safety, quality-control and effectiveness of traditional/alternative therapeutics for national health systems. Besides their use in traditional medicine, plants have always been a good source of modern drug/pharmacologically active molecules. More than half of the modern pharmaceuticals are either plant isolates or their derivatives. The plant-based drugs are not only effective, but have better compatibility with human biological systems because of more biologically relevant chemistry, hence lesser side effects. Some of the species of genus Ammannia (Lythraceae) have been reported for their magical medicinal values. Many herbal formulations containing Ammannia spp. have been patented for treatment of serious diseases/disorders like cancer, spinal disease, human female infertility, chronic tonsillitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, treatment of bladder stones, urinary tract infections, dermatitis etc. The uses of Ammannia spp. in traditional medicine have been further verified by the biological activities of their extracts as well as isolation of bioactive phytomolecules. The current review provides details about Ammannia spp.; its use in folklore remedy, herbal formulations, biological activities of extracts, isolation of bioactive phytomolecules and SAR study of semi-synthetic derivatives to analyze the possibility of new drug molecules of plant origin.

scholarly journals Developments in Taste-Masking Techniques for Traditional Chinese Medicines

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Zheng ◽  
Fei Wu ◽  
Yanlong Hong ◽  
Lan Shen ◽  
Xiao Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Film Coating ◽  
Chinese Herbs ◽  
Taste Masking ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Chinese Medicines ◽  
Cyclodextrin Inclusion ◽  
Exchange Resins ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Active Substances

A variety of pharmacologically active substances, including chemotherapeutic drugs and the substances from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), always exhibit potent bioactivities after oral administration. However, their unpleasant taste (such as bitterness) and/or odor always decrease patient compliance and thus compromise their curative efficacies in clinical application. Therefore, the developments of taste-masking techniques are of great significance in improving their organoleptic properties. However, though a variety of taste-masking techniques have been successfully used to mask the unpalatable taste of chemotherapeutic drugs, their suitability for TCM substances is relatively limited. This is mainly due to the fact that the bitter ingredients existing in multicomponent TCM systems (i.e., effective fractions, single Chinese herbs, and compound preparations) are always unclear, and thus, there is lack of tailor-made taste-masking techniques to be utilized to conceal their unpleasant taste. The relevant studies are also relatively limited. As a whole, three types of taste-masking techniques are generally applied to TCM, including (i) functional masking via sweeteners, bitter blockers, and taste modifiers; (ii) physical masking via polymer film-coating or lipid barrier systems; and (iii) biochemical masking via intermolecular interaction, β-cyclodextrin inclusion, or ion-exchange resins. This review fully summarizes the results reported in this field with the purpose of providing an informative reference for relevant readers.

Comparison of amantadine, orphenadrine, and placebo in the control of phenothiazine-induced Parkinsonism

1972 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. S. Mindham ◽  
R. Gaind ◽  
B. H. Anstee ◽  
Lorna Rimmer
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Fluphenazine Decanoate ◽  
Cholinergic Drugs ◽  
Blind Comparison ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Active Substances

SynopsisA double-blind comparison was made of the effects of amantadine hydrochloride, orphenadrine hydrochloride, and placebo in the control of the effects on the extrapyramidal nervous system of fluphenazine decanoate. Patients were assessed with regard to the main symptoms of Parkinsonism, the leading clinical signs, performance in walking, writing and squeezing, changes in mood, and unwanted effects of medication. Neither of the pharmacologically active substances was superior to placebo. Attention is drawn to the paucity of evidence for the effectiveness of anti-cholinergic drugs in both Parkinson's disease and in drug-induced Parkinsonism. The special difficulties in performing trials of substances used in relieving the unwanted effects of other drugs are discussed in relationship to defects in methodology in both this and earlier trials. The findings of the present study are not conclusive but show a clear need for further research in this field. The possible theoretical and practical importance of such research is discussed.

scholarly journals Eleutherosides in Aerial Parts of Eleutherococcus Species Cultivated in Poland

2011 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 1422-1426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Załuski ◽  
Helena Danuta Smolarz ◽  
Monika Szpilewska
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Eleutherococcus Senticosus ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Mobile Phases ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Pharmacologically Active Compounds ◽  
First Time ◽  
Chloroform Methanol

Abstract Many Eleutherococcus species grow in Siberia, China, Korea, Japan, and the Philippines. The most well known is Eleutherococcus senticosus, which contains pharmacologically active compounds, such as eleutherosides, flavonoids, vitamins, and complex polysaccharides. E. senticosus owes its medicinal properties mainly to eleutherosides. The objective of this study was to determine eleutherosides B, E, and E1 in the aerial parts of different Eleutherococcus species. The eleutherosides were extracted with ethanol, and the extracts were cleaned by SPE on C18 columns, and then analyzed by HPTLC. Silica gel plates with fluorescence indicator, designated F254, were used with chloroform–methanol–water (70 + 30 + 4, v/v/v) and chloroform–methanol–toluene–ammonium hydroxide (9 + 6 + 3 + 2, v/vv/v) mobile phases. Two-step elution with these mobile phases was used for the development of chromatograms. Eleutherosides were visualized by derivatization with Liebermann-Burchard reagent. This reagent was used for the first time to detect eleutherosides. Eleutherosides B, E, and E1 were detected in the fruits of the investigated species. E. senticosus contained three of the investigated compounds, and E. sessiliflorus, E. gracilistylus, and E. divaricatus two compounds each.

scholarly journals Quantitative Determination of Vinpocetine in Dietary Supplements

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100
Author(s):  
John M. T. French ◽  
Matthew D. King ◽  
Owen M. McDougal
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Nootropic Drugs ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Active Substances

Current United States regulatory policies allow for the addition of pharmacologically active substances in dietary supplements if derived from a botanical source. The inclusion of certain nootropic drugs, such as vinpocetine, in dietary supplements has recently come under scrutiny due to the lack of defined dosage parameters and yet unproven short- and long-term benefits and risks to human health. This study quantified the concentration of vinpocetine in several commercially available dietary supplements and found that a highly variable range of 0.6–5.1 mg/serving was present across the tested products, with most products providing no specification of vinpocetine concentrations.

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