scholarly journals World Experience of Application of the Added Value Tax and Prospects of its use in the Republic of Uzbekistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3S) ◽  
pp. 424-428
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Tax Burden ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic

The article is devoted to the analysis of the application of value added tax in world practice, the general problems of the development of the tax system as one of the most important regulators of a market economy. The world experience in the field of taxation and the possibility of its application for the Republic of Uzbekistan were taken as the basis for the study. A comparative analysis of the value-added tax rate and the quality of life of people in some countries (in accordance with the world rating) was carried out, which showed that a low value-added tax rate in a particular country does not always mean a high quality of life for the population. But subject to the payment of high taxes, the population of these countries enjoys a high degree of state social protection. The analysis of the dynamics of the tax burden of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2013-2019 is carried out, the nature of the effectiveness of the tax system of the state is determined based on the ratio of direct and indirect taxes. As a result, the study showed that the tax system of the Republic of Uzbekistan is similar to the Eurocontinental and Latin American models with a tendency to a mixed model, which is characterized by diversification of the income structure, i.e. avoiding dependence on one type of tax. From 2013 to 2018 there is a uniform decrease in the tax burden, but in accordance with preliminary forecasts, the tax burden will increase in 2019. Moreover, in the Republic of Uzbekistan the value of the tax burden over the past few years has been one of the lowest in comparison with the countries of the European Union. This is due to the effectiveness of tax reforms in the country aimed at reducing the tax burden on the economy. A comparative characteristic of certain parameters of the tax system of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the tax systems of European states allows us to identify precisely those areas in which Western taxation models can be successfully applied in our country. The Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan has chosen guidelines aimed at comprehensively improving the living standards of the population, reducing social tension by reducing

scholarly journals Value Added Tax & Export: the Case of Selected Countries around the World

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 298-305
Author(s):  
Ahmad Jafari Samimi
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Do So

The purpose of the present paper is to compare the impact of implementing Value Added Tax on Export of goods and services in selected countries. In this paper, we used four different indices for export; export of goods and services, export of goods and services (BOP), export of goods and services (annual % growth), export of goods and services (% of GDP) to investigate the sensitivity to different definitions .To do so, study concentrated on a sample of 140 countries that have applied Value Added Tax in their tax system from 1990 to 2008. Findings of the study based on Mean Difference Statistical Test in a two threeyear periods before and after introduction of VAT. In general, the results show that, in different indices, the impact of VAT on export is positive. Therefore, it is suggested that other countries have not yet introduced the VAT to reform their tax system by introducing the VAT.

scholarly journals Value Added Tax in the Aspect of Forming the Enterprise Accounting Policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
Olena Matros ◽  
◽  
Liudmyla Melnyk ◽  
Svitlana Mykhailovyna ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tax Policy ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tax Burden ◽  
Tax Credit ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Accounting Policy

Introduction. Currently, indirect taxes play a crucial role in shaping the state’s Tax Policy and creating the legal basis for a market economy. In their composition; the value-added tax acts as one of the regulators of the redistribution of public goods and one of the main and stable sources of income to the budget; as well as a way to distribute the tax burden, which allows maintaining the economic and legal equality of taxpayers. Purpose. The aim of the research is to identify possible directions for improving the process of managing value added tax in terms of the forming the enterprise accounting policy. Results. The research has identified a number of problems on the chosen topic, including: the problem of practical application of the principle of undisputed tax credit and non-execution of court decisions; lack of predictability of changes in tax legislation; uncertainty of tax risks and possible measures to prevent them. Based on the outlined problems, opportunities have been assessed and the feasibility of reducing the tax burden on business entities under VAT has been determined. The significance of tax planning has been determined – it allows you to provide for the size of the tax obligation to be paid and control the correctness of its accrual. If new business conditions arise, planning allows you to analyze tax factors and take them into account in the process of implementing tax policy. Conclusions. The theory of taxation defines the essence and content of the tax policy of the enterprise in terms of value added tax; tax risk zones related to VAT payment have been investigated; the concept of tax risk as a special type of financial risk characterizing the possibility of unforeseen financial losses (collection of tax arrears; penalties for late payment of tax; collection of penalties; non-reimbursement of VAT at zero tax rate; inability to use VAT tax credit) related to changes in tax legislation or is the result of taxpayer activity or actions of tax authorities; proposed classification of types of tax risks by VAT depending on the reasons for their occurrence and proposed means of preventing risks associated with the calculation and payment of VAT.

scholarly journals ESTIMATING THE DETERMINANTS OF TAX EVASION USING EMPIRICAL DATA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Jadranka Đurović-Todorović ◽  
Marina Đorđević ◽  
Milica Ristić
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Experimental Works ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Over the past several decades, tax evasion has shown a tendency for growth in all countries. Analogically to its presence in all tax systems, the tax evasion phenomenon is increasingly present in numerous theoretical, empirical and experimental works. The subject of this paper is the assessment of the basic determinants of tax evasion in the Republic of Serbia. We analyzed the economic and psychological factors, first through the literature review, and then empirically.By the method of multiple regression analysis, we investigated several potential variables related to tax evasion: the number of tax inspectors, the number of controls, the rate of value added tax, and the number of controls with irregularities. The empirical analysis of the annual data of the Ministry of Finance was conducted for the period 2005-2016. The results show that the number of tax inspectors and the number of controls with irregularities have a positive, statistically significant impact on the volume of tax evasion in Serbia. The number of controls, as a variable of economic character, showed a negative, statistically significant influence on the evasion. The influence of the selected independent variable, the value added tax rate, is not statistically significant. If we complement the effects of all factors, this study contributes to the literature that explores the factors of tax evasion. The aim of our research is to draw the tax policy makers’ attention to the importance of the analyzed factors and to contribute to the fight against this inevitable and general problem.

scholarly journals Value added tax-theoretical and practical aspects

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (160) ◽  
pp. 107-129
Author(s):  
Bozidar Raicevic
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
World Population ◽  
Consumption Tax ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Consuming Country

Value added tax has been applied for four decades now and as a novelty it has already worn off both in theory and practice. It has indisputable advantages and relatively minor shortcomings compared to other forms of consumption taxation. Today it is one of the most widely used form of consumption tax in the world, being levied in about 120 countries accounting for around 70 per cent of the world population, including all European countries except Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina (the Federation and the Republic of Srpska). The burden of value added tax is visible at each stage in the production and distribution chain, thus eliminating taxation accumulation and is borne ultimately by the final consumer of final goods and services in the consuming country. The consumption type is a dominant type of value added tax. It ensures that the fixed and current assets purchases are exempt from VAT, and as such, it encourages technological progress and investment. By applying the country of destination principle (VAT is chargeable in the country where the goods or services are consumed - exports are exempt from tax while imports are taxed), value added tax eliminates double taxation and retains tax sovereignty of the importing country. In the last ten years there have been attempts to introduce value added tax in Serbia. The introduction of value added tax is the condition for the accession to the EU and we should expect that the latest attempt to introduce this tax in the Serbia taxation system will be successful. Namely, VAT Act is expected to be passed during 2004 and enforced as of January 1, 2005.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF NOISE POLLUTION PHENOMENON IN THE CITIES OF BRAZZAVILLE AND POINTE-NOIRE IN THE REPUBLIC OF CONGO

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-196
Author(s):  
Ngomah Le Temps ◽  
Ndeko Gertrude ◽  
Ngomah Madgil ◽  
Ngomah Le Temps Ondongo ◽  
Diallo Akessi Dzenabou Soraya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The World ◽  
Pointe Noire ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Congo Brazzaville ◽  
The Impact

The noise constitutes for the human beings with notched joints the world one of the nuisances most strongly felt. Apart from its importance for quality of life, the noise has also repercussions proven on health. Many countries strive to set up laws going with a view to fight against these nuisances which constitute an obstacle, an obstruction with quietude, the peace and the freedom of the populations. Congo Brazzaville is one of the countries of the world affected considerably by this phenomenon. Thus, this document treats primarily the causes and the consequences of the noises with Congo Brazzaville. This article Works out also some strategies which could contribute right now to fight against this phenomenon.

scholarly journals VALUE ADDED TAX AND TURNOVER TAX. COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
Anton Chehov
Keyword(s):  
Tax Reform ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Pros And Cons

Currently, aspects of tax reform are being actively discussed and discussed, and proposals are increasingly being put forward to abolish the value-added tax and return to its origins-the turnover tax. Of course, each of them has its own «pros» and «cons» of using a particular tax system. But the transition from VAT to turnover tax is natural, and to justify this in this article, it is proposed to conduct a comparative characteristic of them.

Development of Value Added Tax in Kosovo – Comparative and Research Aspects 2006-2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Azem Duraku
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Economic State ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
State Of Affairs

This paper aims to present the progress and effects that Value Added Tax (VAT) may have on a country's economy. The efficient fiscal policies would enable a country to develop more rapidly, however it will all depend on the situation, economic state, and the power that the Republic of Kosovo has. VAT is a tax on consumption, and if seen from the buyer's point of view, it is a tax on the purchase price; while from the seller's point of view, it is a tax on the added value of the product or service. VAT revenues comprise the main part of Kosovo's budget financing, where comparative data from 2006 to 2017 are given in this paper, showing the extent of VAT participation in the total revenues of the state of Kosovo. Due to this, the tax system including the VAT, which was established by advancing in harmony with the EU directives and regulations, but maintaining the specific features of the state of Kosovo, has recently changed. Owing to legal changes, among others, the Government of Kosovo raised the VAT tax rate from 16% to 18% in most products, while reduced the VAT from 16% to 8% mainly on basic food products, medications. The state of affairs between the states is relatively different, being influenced by many factors, making it impossible to present consistent scale-level comparisons between them.

scholarly journals Level and quality of life in the context of the world economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
Vera Shumilina ◽  
Aleksandra Lermontova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United States ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
World Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
The World ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The article considers such concepts as the level and quality of life, Describes the concept of the standard of living developed by the UN. The analysis is based on the rating of the level of countries compiled by the Legatum Institute. The influence of economic development of States on the standard of living of citizens is considered. A comparative characteristic of the standard of living in Russia and the United States is carried out, their similarities and differences in the criteria that determine the quality of life are revealed.

Correction of functional constipation in patients with limited mobility after stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 53-55
Author(s):  
M. S. Turchina ◽  
M. V. Bukreeva ◽  
L. Yu. Korolyova ◽  
Zh. E. Annenkova ◽  
L. G. Polyakov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Complete Restoration ◽  
The World

Currently, the problem of early rehabilitation of stroke patients is important, since in terms of the prevalence of cerebrovascular diseases and disability after suffering a stroke, Russia is one of the first places in the world. The complex of medical rehabilitation of such patients should provide for the early and most complete restoration of all body functions, patient education for lost skills, re-socialization of the patient and improvement of the quality of life. One of the factors contributing to a significant reduction in the quality of life after a stroke is the development of chronic constipation. The article reflects the modern methods of correction of chronic constipation in patients with limited mobility.

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