scholarly journals Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Radiation and its Impact on Our Health and Eco-System

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 915-920
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Agency ◽  
The Impact

Electromagnetic Field (EMF) radiation is a wave of the electromagnetic field. The radiation from mobile phones, cordless phones, mobile antennas, and many other devices pose health threats, especially when they are close to the body for extended period. In humans and animals, bioelectrical signals regulate many processes. Therefore, EMF radiations can interfere with the natural way of how our body works; it affects our body at cell level. Moreover, the impact of EMF radiation on our eco-system is serious due to growing number of broadcasting antennas, mobile communications base stations etc. World Health Organization (WHO) says the EMF radiations produced by mobile phone is classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as possible carcinogen to humans. The aim of this research paper is to survey on mobile phone usage and EMF radiation awareness. Our results from analyzing the survey data shows that 86.2% people keep their mobile phones near their ears while receiving calls, 77.7% people keep mobile phones in their bedroom before going to bed. Based on the results and considering the major impact of EMF radiations, we propose innovative house design called Radiation Reduced Dwelling (RRD) by which the EMF radiation exposure can be minimized at home. Moreover, we propose an Environment Friendly Link (EFL) by which mobile base stations case be avoided in forests and hilly areas.

scholarly journals Mobile telephony and its effects on human health

2019 ◽  
pp. 225-234
Author(s):  
Andrzej Magiera ◽  
Jolanta Solecka
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Mobile Telephony ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, there has been a rapid increase in the number of electromagnetic radiation sources such as mobile phones and base stations of mobile telephony. This radiation has been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a possible human carcinogen (group 2B). For this reason, many studies have been carried out on the impact of mobile telephony on human health. The largest of the experiments were carried out on animals. Due to the divergent results of many studies, there was no clear answer on the possible carcinogenic effects of this type of radiation on health. Detection of cancer shortly after an exposure is the most difficult task in analyzing the results. Some of the studies require repetition and verification of the results. In the case of negative effects of electromagnetic fields on brain activity, sleep, heart rate, cognitive function and blood pressure, no consistent evidence has been obtained either. In view of the increasing popularity of mobile phones, their location at short distances from the body (mainly the head) and the development of mobile phone technologies (which entails an increase in the number of base stations), further research, especially among young people, is needed. The duration of human exposure to electromagnetic radiation is subject to an increase and only further research can provide an answer on the possible negative effects of mobile phones and base stations.

scholarly journals Effect of Mobile Phone Emissions on HD- EEG Signals and Preventive Measures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rekha Dwivedi ◽  
Singh Shakti Singh ◽  
Sunita Rana ◽  
Dharmendra Jakhar ◽  
Kirandeep Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Mobile Phones and other wi-fi devices have become an integral part of our life. Now that we have so much dependency on technology, it’s become almost impossible to extricate ourselves from this. Considering the widespread use of these devices and the public’s concerns for health and safety, it is important to find out the possible harm caused by these Radiofrequency Radiations (RFR) emitted by Mobile Phones and other wi-fi devices, ways to protect ourselves from this harm and use of technology responsibly. Many renowned agencies and researchers have completed and published several studies detailing out possible health risks associated with the exposure to Radiofrequency Radiations emitted from these devices. World Health Organization/ International Agency for Research on Cancer had classified radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as Group-2B, possibly carcinogen in 20111.The present study has analyzed the effect of Mobile Phone Radiations exposure on human brain activity in healthy human volunteers and the efficacy of one of the products named Envirochip which claims to reverse the impact on Brain waves when it is fixed on the Mobile Phone being used.Result: A total of 30 healthy participants were enrolled in this study, out of which, data of 29 subjects was analyzed as data of one subject was removed due to noise in the recorded data. The experiment was designed to take the EEG data with six different conditions (baseline/normal data without any device, baseline data when Mobile Phone was kept near head of the subject, date while Mobile Phone was ringing (with and without Envirochip) and data when a call was made on the Mobile Phone (with and without Envirochip). Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded for 80 minutes with five minutes interval between each condition for each subject. Cleaned data was extracted from the Net station tool and power spectrum analysis was done Conclusion: There was increased activity in the alpha, beta, theta and gamma bands of EEG during Radiofrequency exposure from Mobile Phones. Fixing the Envirochip on Mobile Phone showed statistically significant improvement in the effects of the Mobile Radiations on EEG brain activity in the alpha and theta bands. However, changes observed in gamma and beta bands were not significant statistically. P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Electromagnetic Radiation level in the Outdoor from Wireless Transmission Systems in Northern West Bank – Palestine

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-09
Author(s):  
Mutamed Khatib
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
World Health ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Local Radio

Exposure to electromagnetic fields is a major public concern due to the possible hazardous effects on health caused by exposure to these radiations. The aims of this study were to measure radiofrequency radiation levels from different wireless systems and to compare the results with the recommended limits by the World Health Organization (WHO) which should be less that 450 µw/cm2. The study was a cross-sectional study that was conducted in different cities and villages from the northern governorates in the West Bank; Jenin, Tulkarm, Nablus, Qalqilya, Tubas and Salfit. To measure the radiation levels ranging from 80 MHz to 2 GHz, a Portable Field Strength Meter with the suitable set of antennas was used. This frequency range covers the radiations from different sources as mobile phone base stations, local radio and television stations, mobile phones, Wireless Local Area Network, Bluetooth, wireless computer periphery and even microwave ovens. Points close to mobile phone base stations and local radio and television stations in addition to randomly selected points were included. The scanning process for each point was done twice and the higher reading was included in the analysis. The results were compared to the recommended limits of radiations by WHO. Also, a questionnaire was distributed to evaluate people knowledge and perception regarding radiations. A total of 2000 readings were obtained with a mean ± SD = 0.25 ± 0.214 µw/cm2. The highest reading was 1.91 µw/cm2. All the readings were below the limits of radiations recommended by the WHO. Most of the readings in the tested area 1184 (59.2%) were between 0.1 -0.45 µw/cm2 which are 1000- 4500 time less than the maximum allowed level (450 µw/cm2), 527 (26.35%) readings were <0.1 µw/cm2, 271 (13.55%) reading were between 0.45-1 µw/cm2 and the rest 17 (0.85%) were >1 µw/cm2 which were still 236-450 times less than the allowed WHO level. Regarding the questionnaire part, most of the participants use mobile phones frequently, they think radiations are dangerous and can cause cancer, they prefer not to have mobile base stations close to their living places. In this study, a scanning for all electromagnetic radiation sources caused by different sources of wireless communication systems showed theoretically no dangerous radiation levels and all the recorded levels were much lower than the recommended levels by the WHO. Most people feel afraid from radiations and think they are dangerous.

Evaluation of Electromagnetic Radiation level in the Outdoor from Wireless Transmission Systems in Northern West Bank – Palestine

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-09
Author(s):  
Mutamed Khatib
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
World Health ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Local Radio

Exposure to electromagnetic fields is a major public concern due to the possible hazardous effects on health caused by exposure to these radiations. The aims of this study were to measure radiofrequency radiation levels from different wireless systems and to compare the results with the recommended limits by the World Health Organization (WHO) which should be less that 450 µw/cm2. The study was a cross-sectional study that was conducted in different cities and villages from the northern governorates in the West Bank; Jenin, Tulkarm, Nablus, Qalqilya, Tubas and Salfit. To measure the radiation levels ranging from 80 MHz to 2 GHz, a Portable Field Strength Meter with the suitable set of antennas was used. This frequency range covers the radiations from different sources as mobile phone base stations, local radio and television stations, mobile phones, Wireless Local Area Network, Bluetooth, wireless computer periphery and even microwave ovens. Points close to mobile phone base stations and local radio and television stations in addition to randomly selected points were included. The scanning process for each point was done twice and the higher reading was included in the analysis. The results were compared to the recommended limits of radiations by WHO. Also, a questionnaire was distributed to evaluate people knowledge and perception regarding radiations. A total of 2000 readings were obtained with a mean ± SD = 0.25 ± 0.214 µw/cm2. The highest reading was 1.91 µw/cm2. All the readings were below the limits of radiations recommended by the WHO. Most of the readings in the tested area 1184 (59.2%) were between 0.1 -0.45 µw/cm2 which are 1000- 4500 time less than the maximum allowed level (450 µw/cm2), 527 (26.35%) readings were <0.1 µw/cm2, 271 (13.55%) reading were between 0.45-1 µw/cm2 and the rest 17 (0.85%) were >1 µw/cm2 which were still 236-450 times less than the allowed WHO level. Regarding the questionnaire part, most of the participants use mobile phones frequently, they think radiations are dangerous and can cause cancer, they prefer not to have mobile base stations close to their living places. In this study, a scanning for all electromagnetic radiation sources caused by different sources of wireless communication systems showed theoretically no dangerous radiation levels and all the recorded levels were much lower than the recommended levels by the WHO. Most people feel afraid from radiations and think they are dangerous.

scholarly journals Impact of Cell-phone on Human Health: A Systematic Review of Literatures

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Md Nurul Amin ◽  
Md Sultan Ul Islam ◽  
Md Jawadul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The growth of communication technology in the last two decades has given the world a new look.With the blessings of digital technology, we can now communicate to any parts of the world with just a touch over the screen of our smart phone. Mobile phone hasnow become an indispensable part of our life.But, biological effects of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) transmitted by mobile phones are still a matter of public and scientific debate. Countries accross the world are now getting concerned about the impact of mobiles on human health and environment.Radiofrequency waves generated from mobile phones cause potential public health problems. Short-term effects like changes in sleep, heart rate, and blood pressure, and long-term effects like carcinoma (particularly glioma) are well-documented. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) published cancer risks from Radiofrequency(RF) radiation. Human epidemiological studies gave evidence of increased risk for glioma and acoustic neuroma. Further epidemiological, animal and mechanistic studies have strengthened the association. Besides, the carcinogenic effect of non-ionizing radiation emitted from cordless digital devices, numerous health effects have already been claimed to occur. Faced with this context, scientific community and legislative bodies are raising voice for the reduction of RF-EMF exposure to the safe limit for human health and environment. The RF exposure restriction guideline used by many agencies was established in 1998 by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and was based only on established short-term thermal (heating) effects from RF radiation neglecting non-thermal biological effects. The present study is, therefore, intended to review the literatures relating mobile phone and Wi-fito human health in order to make the scientific community updated on the association between mobile phone use and human health. Ibrahim Card Med J 2018; 8 (1&2): 53-65

scholarly journals “Sound of silence”: a secure indoor wireless ultrasonic communication system

2014 ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Wentao Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
World Health ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

According to a report from the World Health Organization, over 1.4 million mobile phone base stations exist worldwide today, and that number is significantly increasing with the emergence of new communication technologies. What about mobile phones? The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) claims that there are almost as many mobile phone subscriptions in the world as people. And that’s about 6 billion! The growth of wireless networks has enabled people to use personal devices anywhere at any time. Wireless communication nowadays has become a utility like water, electricity and gas. With the convenience and efficiency it brings, we also have to consider some issues with this technology, because it is so fundamental to our everyday lives. One critical and urgent issue is wireless availability. Like the laptops, mobile phones and tablets we know and love today, wireless devices communicate with each other using what are known as radio waves. Useful radio ...

scholarly journals THE RISKS OF MOBILE TELEPHONY AND THE PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE

2005 ◽  
Vol 04 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-29
Author(s):  
A.A. de SALLES ◽  
C.R. FERNÁNDEZ
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Base Station ◽  
The Body ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mobile Phone Technology ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Radiated Energy

There has been a dramatic increase in the use of mobile phone technology in the last decades, with widespread benefits in many professional and private activities. In parallel with this, the concern regarding the possibility of adverse health effects due to the absorption of electromagnetic fields by humans also increased. For several years, many research groups in different countries were developing research projects on these subjects in the areas of medicine, biophysics, engineering, etc. Also, the World Health Organization (WHO) has coordinate efforts including many countries to access the existing scientific evidence of harmful health effects of non ionizing radiation (NIR) emitted from different communication equipment, such as the mobile phones and their base stations, with special emphasis to the non-thermal effects. In principle, the base stations radiate more energy. However, their antennas are usually located on the top of elevated towers (or masts) and the radiated energy is mainly concentrated in the horizontal direction. Therefore people are usually far from these antennas, and also in directions reasonably apart from those of maximum radiation. Because the conventional monopole (or whip) antennas being used now in mobile phones typically show a circular radiation pattern in the horizontal plane, they may radiate substantial levels of energy in almost all directions, very close to the body and during considerable time. It is observed that when they are operated very close to the user’s head (e.g., 2,5 cm or less) , most of energy is absorbed in the head tissues (such as the bone, the brain, eye, etc), and less energy is radiated to the nearest base station. This situation is undesirable since quality of communication is worse, and the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the user’s head and the battery drain are increased.

NEW CORONOVIRUS INFECTION: CLINICAL AND PATHOGENETIC ASPECTS OF COVID-19 IN PREGNANT WOMEN

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Allakhyarov D.Z. ◽  
Petrov Yu.A. ◽  
Chernavsky V.V.
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

This article presents reviews of literature sources on the clinical and pathogenetic aspects of the course of a new coronovirus infection in pregnant women, in order to analyze the features of the course of COVID-19 in pregnant women and to assess the impact of infection on the body of a woman and a fetus. Pregnancy is a special physiological condition, during which a number of changes occur in the body, not only in the hormonal status, but also in the immune system. The urgency of this problem is due to the high prevalence of new coronavirus infection among the population. On March 12, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO), as a result of the dynamic development of the epidemic in many countries and continents, declared a global pandemic of the contagious disease COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. According to available studies, pregnant women are more susceptible to a more severe course of infectious diseases affecting the upper respiratory tract. According to various studies, a new coronavirus infection can lead to premature birth, miscarriage, and preeclampsia. Separate studies show increased mortality in pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19. The SARS-CoV-2 virus does not have a direct teratogenic effect on the fetus, but it can indirectly lead to harmful effects on the developing organism. Special attention should be paid to the issue of vaccination of pregnant women against a new coronavirus infection, at the moment there is no accurate data on the effect of the vaccine on the body of the pregnant woman and the fetus. In this regard, the question of the impact of a new coronavirus infection on the course of pregnancy has become relevant.

The Impact of Mobile Phones on Teenagers' Socialization and Emancipation

2015 ◽  
pp. 12-24
Author(s):  
Kalogeraki Stefania ◽  
Papadaki Marina
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Group Interactions ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mobile Phone Communication

The mobile phone has become an indispensable mean of communication in the world today, and for teenagers specifically has become de rigueur in everyday life. The eagerness of teenagers to embrace mobile devices can be associated with such devices' instrumental as well as social and expressive functions. However, these functions are intertwined with critical impacts on the interaction between teenagers and parental/peer groups. On the one hand, the mobile phone acts as a symbolic “umbilical cord” that provides a permanent channel of communication, intensifying parental surveillance. On the other hand, it creates a greater space for interaction with peers beyond parental monitoring and control. This article summarizes current research and presents an empirical example of the impact of teenagers' mobile phone communication on the dynamics of parental and peer group interactions during their socialization and emancipation from the familial sphere.

Standards, Patents and Mobile Phones

2010 ◽  
pp. 235-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudi Bekkers ◽  
Joel West
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Policy Effectiveness ◽  
Firm Strategies ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Ipr Policy ◽  
The Impact

The impact of patents and patent royalties are a major concern of standards setting organisations. Here we examine the patents filed in the UMTS 3rd generation mobile phone standard, governed by the ETSI IPR policy in response to patent issues faced during the earlier GSM standardization. We contrast firm strategies and policy effectiveness between the GSM and UTMS efforts, and review the potential impact of potential changes to the ETSI IPR policy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document