AMELOGLYPHICS-AN UPDATED REVIEW

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-46
Author(s):  
Linda Christabel. S ◽  
Merrylda Claribel. S ◽  
Sushmitha. M ◽  
Mohammed Haroon. A. L ◽  
Karpagam. S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Biometric System ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Gas Leakage ◽  
Biometric Systems ◽  
Stored Information ◽  
Mass Disasters ◽  
Modern Era

In this modern era equipped with technologies, the crime rates are increasing exponentially. This requires newer methodologies to identify a person who is a victim as well as the perpetruator. Automated biometric systems helps in identifying the individuals by the stored information in the database which are unique for each individual. Some of the important methods are ngerprint biometrics and iris scanning.As these methods involves soft tissues they cant be relied upon during mass disasters like burn accidents and gas leakage accidents. Hence, a biometric system using the hard tissue is required for better identication of the individuals. Thus, Ameloglyphics is introduced to aid in identication of individuals died during mass disasters and it plays a vital role in forensic odontology. This review highlights this technology in detail.

Philosophic Pride

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Brooke
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Intellectual Life ◽  
Marcus Aurelius ◽  
Hugo Grotius ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

This is the first full-scale look at the essential place of Stoicism in the foundations of modern political thought. Spanning the period from Justus Lipsius's Politics in 1589 to Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Emile in 1762, and concentrating on arguments originating from England, France, and the Netherlands, the book considers how political writers of the period engaged with the ideas of the Roman and Greek Stoics that they found in works by Cicero, Seneca, Epictetus, and Marcus Aurelius. The book examines key texts in their historical context, paying special attention to the history of classical scholarship and the historiography of philosophy. The book delves into the persisting tension between Stoicism and the tradition of Augustinian anti-Stoic criticism, which held Stoicism to be a philosophy for the proud who denied their fallen condition. Concentrating on arguments in moral psychology surrounding the foundations of human sociability and self-love, the book details how the engagement with Roman Stoicism shaped early modern political philosophy and offers significant new interpretations of Lipsius and Rousseau together with fresh perspectives on the political thought of Hugo Grotius and Thomas Hobbes. The book shows how the legacy of the Stoics played a vital role in European intellectual life in the early modern era.

Multimodal biometric system using deep learning based on face and finger vein fusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Shikhar Tyagi ◽  
Bhavya Chawla ◽  
Rupav Jain ◽  
Smriti Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Recognition Accuracy ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Facial Features ◽  
Biometric System ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Finger Vein ◽  
Biometric Systems ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Recognition Systems

Single biometric modalities like facial features and vein patterns despite being reliable characteristics show limitations that restrict them from offering high performance and robustness. Multimodal biometric systems have gained interest due to their ability to overcome the inherent limitations of the underlying single biometric modalities and generally have been shown to improve the overall performance for identification and recognition purposes. This paper proposes highly accurate and robust multimodal biometric identification as well as recognition systems based on fusion of face and finger vein modalities. The feature extraction for both face and finger vein is carried out by exploiting deep convolutional neural networks. The fusion process involves combining the extracted relevant features from the two modalities at score level. The experimental results over all considered public databases show a significant improvement in terms of identification and recognition accuracy as well as equal error rates.

scholarly journals Biometric Systems De-Identification: Current Advancements and Future Directions

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-495
Author(s):  
Md Shopon ◽  
Sanjida Nasreen Tumpa ◽  
Yajurv Bhatia ◽  
K. N. Pavan Kumar ◽  
Marina L. Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
System Development ◽  
User Profile ◽  
Information Privacy ◽  
Biometric System ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Behavioral Biometrics ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Biometric Systems

Biometric de-identification is an emerging topic of research within the information security domain that integrates privacy considerations with biometric system development. A comprehensive overview of research in the context of authentication applications spanning physiological, behavioral, and social-behavioral biometric systems and their privacy considerations is discussed. Three categories of biometric de-identification are introduced, namely complete de-identification, auxiliary biometric preserving de-identification, and traditional biometric preserving de-identification. An overview of biometric de-identification in emerging domains such as sensor-based biometrics, social behavioral biometrics, psychological user profile identification, and aesthetic-based biometrics is presented. The article concludes with open questions and provides a rich avenue for subsequent explorations of biometric de-identification in the context of information privacy.

scholarly journals Forensic odontology as a victim identification tool in mass disasters: A feasibility study in the Indian scenario

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamindra Sengupta ◽  
Vandana Sharma ◽  
Hitesh Vij ◽  
Ruchieka Vij ◽  
Kanika Prabhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Victim Identification ◽  
Mass Disasters ◽  
Indian Scenario ◽  
Identification Tool

Visual Attention for Behavioral Biometric Systems

2010 ◽  
pp. 290-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Concetto Spampinato
Keyword(s):  
Computational Models ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Biometric System ◽  
The Third ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
The People ◽  
Face Recognition System ◽  
Biometric Systems ◽  
State Of Art

The chapter is so articulated: the first section will tackle the state of art of the attention theory, with the third paragraph related to the computational models that implement the attention theories, with a particular focus on the model that is the basis for the proposed biometric systems. Such an algorithm will be used for describing the first biometric system. The following section will tackle the people recognition algorithms carried out by evaluating the FOAs distribution. In detail, two different systems are proposed: 1) a face recognition system that takes into account both the behavioral and morphological aspects, and 2) a pure behavioral biometric system that recognizes people according to their actions evaluated by a careful analysis of the extracted FOAs.

Biometric Systems in Mobile Devices

2021 ◽  
pp. 426-433
Author(s):  
Sukhdev Singh ◽  
Chander Kant
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Mobile Platforms ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Account Management ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Biometric Systems ◽  
Android Operating System ◽  
Stored Information ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Biometric Features

Growth of mobile devices uses has favored the user experience with different digital platforms, from basic activities such as sending messages, phone calls, taking pictures for social networks, email, bank account management, and commerce. These are some examples of daily tasks performed from mobile devices, which makes it essential to provide security of information. Therefore, privacy of stored information has become a main point in the development of mobile devices. This article presents research about the impact that mobile devices have in people's lives and the presence of biometric systems in this kind of device. Papers related with biometrics on mobile devices were examined to find which devices have integrated biometric systems; in addition to identifying biometric features used to authenticate people and find out what mobile platforms were created for. It was found that the smartphone is the device with more biometrics systems, and fingerprints are the most used feature; also, that the Android operating system is the most widely used mobile platform for these purposes.

Overview

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
David Zhang ◽  
Fengxi Song ◽  
Yong Xu ◽  
Zhizhen Liang
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Biometric System ◽  
Biometric Recognition ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Pattern Recognition System ◽  
Biometric Systems ◽  
History Of

A biometric system can be regarded as a pattern recognition system. In this chapter, we discuss two advanced pattern recognition technologies for biometric recognition, biometric data discrimination and multi-biometrics, to enhance the recognition performance of biometric systems. In Section 1.1, we discuss the necessity, importance, and applications of biometric recognition technology. A brief introduction of main biometric recognition technologies are presented in Section 1.2. In Section 1.3, we describe two advanced biometric recognition technologies, biometric data discrimination and multi-biometric technologies. Section 1.4 outlines the history of related work and highlights the content of each chapter of this book.

Prognostic Indicators for Anterior Mandibular Repositioning in Adolescents with Class II Malocclusion: A Cross-Sectional Cephalometric Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-282
Author(s):  
Jong-Moon Chae ◽  
Jae Hyun Park ◽  
Seon-Hye Kim ◽  
Utkarsh Mangal ◽  
Hye Young Seo
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Cephalometric Changes ◽  
Cephalometric Study

Objective: To investigate the cephalometric changes following anterior repositioning of the mandible for predicting the treatment effects in Class II adolescent patients. Study Design: Lateral cephalograms of 28 patients (ANB > 4°) were taken in centric occlusion (CO) and edge-to-edge bite (EtoE) before orthodontic treatment. The patients were classified into two groups according to their mandibular plane angle [MPA; low MPA (LMPA) ≤ 28° and high MPA (HMPA) > 28°]. Cephalometric changes of hard and soft tissues were measured and analyzed with an x-y cranial base coordinate system. Results: For CO to EtoE, there were no significant cephalometric changes between HMPA and LMPA, but the horizontal ratio of soft to hard tissue pogonion (H-Pog′/H-Pog) change was significantly greater with LMPA than with HMPA while the vertical ratio (V-Pog′/V-Pog) showed vice versa. For CO to EtoE, MPA showed significant correlations with H-Pog′/H-Pog and V-Pog′/V-Pog. Y-axis angle, V-Pog′/V-Pog and H-Pog′/H-Pog can be used as good tools to discriminate between HMPA and LMPA. Conclusion: Cephalometric findings for CO to EtoE may be useful in predicting the vertical and horizontal changes of hard and soft tissues with the treatment of growing adolescents having various vertical skeletal patterns of Class II malocclusion.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional evaluation of mid-facial soft tissue changes after expansion using micro-implant-supported maxillary skeletal expander

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hieu Nguyen ◽  
Jeong Won Shin ◽  
Hai-Van Giap ◽  
Ki Beom Kim ◽  
Hwa Sung Chae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Tissue Changes ◽  
Cone Beam Computerized Tomography ◽  
Soft Tissue Changes

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to assess the mid-facial soft tissue changes induced by a micro-implant-supported maxillary skeletal expander in late adolescents and young adults by cone-beam computerized tomography and the correlations between hard and soft tissue changes after expansion with maxillary skeletal expander.Subjects and methods Twenty patients with maxillary transverse deficiency treated with maxillary skeletal expander were selected. Cone-beam computerized tomography images taken before and after expansion were superimposed to measure the changes in soft and hard tissue landmarks.Results Anterior nasal spine, posterior nasal spine, and alveolar bone width were significantly increased after expansion with maxillary skeletal expander (p < 0.05). The average lateral movement of the cheek points was 1.13 ± 0.33 mm (left) and 1.41 ± 0.39 mm (right), while that of the alar curvature points was 1.07 ± 0.72 mm (left) and 1.06 ± 0.68 (right) (p < 0.05). The average forward displacement of the cheek points was 0.42 ± 0.66 mm (left) and 0.60 ± 0.58 mm (right), whereas that of the alar curvature points was 0.80 ± 0.67 mm (left) and 0.68 ± 0.56 mm (right) side (p < 0.05). The average downward movement of the subnasale was 0.40 ± 0.37 mm (p < 0.05). The changes in cheek points and alar curvature points on both sides significantly correlated with hard-tissue changes (p < 0.05).Conclusions Maxillary expansion using maxillary skeletal expander resulted in significant lateral and forward movement of soft tissues of the cheek and alar curvature points on both sides and correlated with the maxillary suture opening at the anterior and posterior nasal spines.

scholarly journals The evaluation of alveolar fractures of trauma patients in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Ghorbani ◽  
Mohammad Khalili ◽  
Hanie Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Facial Trauma ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Plans

Abstract Background Alveolar bone plays a vital role in mastication and supporting the teeth. The alveolar process is one of the most challenging regions of facial bone to reconstruct due to the deformity involves both hard and soft tissues. However, the etiology, gender, and age distribution vary between different regions, cultures, and countries. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of alveolar trauma in Shahid Rajaee Hospital, Shiraz, Iran, for three years. Methods In a retrospective cross-sectional study, patients with alveolar fractures referred to Shahid Rajaei Hospital in Shiraz were included in the study. Age, sex, site of alveolar fractures, and etiology factors of trauma explored. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS software. Mean $$\pm$$ ± SD calculated for the inferential statistics, and the data compared using Chi-square and Exact Fisher. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant with a 95% reliability. Results A total of 165 patients had alveolar fractures in this study. We found that the most common cause of alveolar fracture was road accidents (32.3%) and the lowest reason was violence (9%). Most people with alveolar trauma were male and in the 21–30 years. The prevalence of mandibular and maxillary alveolar fractures was 17.61 and 17.01%, respectively, with the most anterior area of injury. Conclusion Alveolar trauma is one of the most common injuries among trauma patients. Early diagnosis and treatment plans are necessary to reduce the complications of facial trauma. Early training for a young adult is essential to prevent the severity of trauma.

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