“BORN TOO SMALL” AND IT’S ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN A TERTIARY HEALTH FACILITY IN NIGERIA.

2021 ◽  
pp. 178-180
Author(s):  
Nwoga HO ◽  
Ajuba MO ◽  
Igweagu CP
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Unemployed

Background: Low Birth Weight (LBW) is a major adverse outcome of pregnancy. Methods: A prospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary health facility in Nigeria. Data was retrieved from the ante-natal and delivery card of women that delivered within the time of data collection. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25 and variables were presented as frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviation. Bivariate analysis was done using chi-square test with the level of signicance set at p ≤ 0.05. Binary logistic regression was used to determine factors that predicted low birth weight. Results:The prevalence of LBW was 11.1%. About 48% of the mothers delivered through caesarean section while 53.9% booked within 14-28weeks gestation. On logistic regression agricultural workers had 4 times odds of having LBW babies when compared to the unemployed while the un-booked mothers had 11 times odds of having LBW babies when compared to those that booked at >28weeks gestational age. Conclusion: The prevalence of LBW was high. Booking status of the mother and having complications during pregnancy were strongly associated with preterm delivery.

scholarly journals Born Too Soon; Implications in a Tertiary Health Facility in Enugu State Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 190-196
Author(s):  
Nwoga Hope Obiageli ◽  
Ajuba Miriam Obinwanne ◽  
Igweagu Chukwuma Paulinus
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Enugu State

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) is a complex complication of pregnancy with multiple etiologies. This results in long term medical burdens to the families and health care system at large. The objective of the study was to determine the socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics that affect preterm delivery. Methods: The study was a prospective cohort study conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of a tertiary health facility in Nigeria. Data for the study were retrieved from the ante-natal and delivery card of the women that delivered at the unit within the time of data collection. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25 and variables were presented as frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviation. Bivariate analysis was done using chi-square test. The level of significance was set at p value ≤ 0.05. Binary logistic regression was used to determine factors that predicted preterm delivery. Results: Majority of them were married 746(96.9%), Igbos 763(99.1) and Christians 766(99.5%). Most of the women were civil servants 429(55.7%), while about 31.3% of them were unemployed 241(31.3%). Majority of the women 484(62.9%) had tertiary education. About 48% of them delivered through caesarean section while 53.9% booked within 14-28weeks gestation. Delivering through caesarean section and gestational age at booking predicted preterm delivery. Un-booked mothers have about 7times odds of having PTB when compared to those that booked at ≥28 week’s gestation. Conclusion: The prevalence of PTB is still high in Nigeria. Booking status of the mother and C/S delivery were found to be strongly associated with preterm delivery. Key words: Enugu State, Nigeria, Preterm delivery, Prevalence, Tertiary health facility.

scholarly journals The Influence of Gestational Age and Birth Weight on Neonatal Mortality

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wedi Iskandar ◽  
Yeni Andayani ◽  
Lia Marlia ◽  
Burhan Burhan ◽  
Aris Primadi
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Percentage Contribution ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Significant Health

Prematurity and low birth weight are some of the causes of neonatal death and significant health problem. This study aimed to determine the influence of gestational age and birth weight on neonatal mortality at the Al Islam Hospital Bandung in 2015–2019. It was a case-control retrospective observational analysis using medical records of the Al Islam Bandung Hospital from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2019. The inclusion criteria for infants were born alive. Exclusion criteria had severe congenital abnormalities and gestational age <26 weeks. The chi-square test evaluated the univariate comparison test of risk factors between 2 groups. Multiple logistic regression to assess neonatal mortality's predictive factors and the percentage contribution of the influence was calculated (Nagelkerke’s R2 analysis). The number of infants enrolled in 2015–2019 was 6,791 neonates, and who died was 56 neonates (0.82%). In premature infants and low birth weight there was a very significant relationship with neonatal mortality, respectively p=0.000 (p<0.05) OR=30.397 (CI=16.506–55.976), and p=0.000 (p<0.05) OR=41.206 (CI=18.611–91.233). In the multiple logistic regression test, p=0.000 (p<0.05), with a Nagelkerke’s R2 value of 0.344 or 34.4%. This presence that gestational age and birth weight significantly affects neonatal mortality, either partially or simultaneously. The percentage contribution of the influence of gestational age and birth weight to neonatal mortality was 34.4%. PENGARUH USIA GESTASI DAN BERAT BADAN LAHIR TERHADAP KEMATIAN NEONATUSPrematuritas dan berat badan lahir rendah merupakan beberapa penyebab kematian neonatus dan masalah kesehatan yang signifikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh usia gestasi dan berat badan lahir terhadap kematian neonatus di RS Al Islam Bandung tahun 2015–2019. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional retrospektif kasus kontrol menggunakan data rekam medis RS Al Islam Bandung periode 1 Januari 2015 hingga 31 Desember 2019. Kriteria inklusi bayi lahir hidup. Kriteria eksklusi bayi dengan kelainan kongenital berat dan usia gestasi <26 minggu. Uji chi-square mengevaluasi perbandingan univariat faktor risiko antara 2 grup. Regresi logistik multipel untuk mengevaluasi faktor prediktif kematian neonatus dan persentase kontribusi pengaruh dihitung (Analisis R2 Nagelkerke). Jumlah bayi yang dirawat tahun 2015–2019 sebanyak 6.791 dan yang meninggal sebanyak 56 (0,82%). Pada bayi lahir prematur dan berat badan lahir rendah terdapat hubungan sangat bermakna terhadap kematian neonatus, berturut-turut p=0,000 (p<0,05) OR=30,397 (CI=16,506–55,976) dan p=0,000 (p<0,05) OR=41,206 (CI=18,611–91,233). Pada uji regresi logistik multipel, p=0,000 (p<0,05) dengan nilai R2 Nagelkerke sebesar 0,344 atau 34,4%. Usia gestasi dan berat badan lahir berpengaruh bermakna terhadap kematian neonatus, baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Persentase sumbangan pengaruh usia gestasi dan berat badan lahir terhadap kematian neonatus sebesar 34,4%.

Faktor Risiko Kejadian Stunting pada Bayi 6-12 Bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Air Dingin Kota Padang

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Sevilla Ukhtil Huvaid ◽  
Erni Maywita ◽  
Riska Delvi Kurnia
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Chi Square Test

According to the monitoring of nutritional status for toddlers in 2017, as many as 30.6% of toddlers in West Sumatra experienced stunting, which is a short combination (21.3%) and very short (9.3%) with an incidence in Padang city of 22 6%. DKK data, 2017 the prevalence of stunting in Padang City is 20.04% of the 22 Puskesmas in Padang City found the highest prevalence of stunting in Puskesmas Air Dingin is 57.14%. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for stunting in infants aged 6-12 month in the working area of the Padang Air Cold Health Center in 2019. This type of research is an analytic survey with case control design. The time of the study was May-August 2019. The population was cases of mothers having infants aged 6-12 months who experienced stunting and control in normal infants in the working area of the Padang Air Cold Health Center with a ratio of 1: 1 ie 30 cases, 30 controls then the number of 60 study samples using a questionnaire. Cases and controls where the age and sex variables are maching variables. Univariate data analysis is displayed with a frequency distribution table and bivariate analysis using the chi-square test with significance, α = 0.05. The results showed 56.7% of babies had low birth weight, 55.0% of parents had good parenting, 50% of babies had a stunting event, there was a significant relationship between Low Birth Weight with stunting with p = 0.001, OR = 8 and there is a significant relationship between parenting with the incidence of stunting in infants 6-12 months in the Cold Water Puskesmas Work Area in Padang City in 2019 with p = 0.038 and OR = 3.5. It is expected that there is a proven relationship between Low Birth Weight and parental care with the occurrence of stunting in infants aged 6-12 months and to health workers at the Padang Air Cold Health Center in order to provide education about stunting and explain good parenting to prevent stunting in infants.

scholarly journals Down Syndrome in Brazil: Occurrence and Associated Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11954
Author(s):  
Mariana Rabello Laignier ◽  
Luís Carlos Lopes-Júnior ◽  
Raquel Esperidon Santana ◽  
Franciéle Marabotti Costa Leite ◽  
Carolina Laura Brancato
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Paternal Age ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Birth Prevalence ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Down syndrome is the most frequent genetic cause of intellectual disability, with an estimated birth prevalence of 14 per 10,000 live births. In Brazil, statistical data on the occurrence of babies born with Down syndrome remain unclear. We aimed to estimate the occurrence of Down syndrome between 2012 and 2018, and to observe its association with maternal, gestational, paternal characteristics, and newborn vitality. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out using secondary data included in the Certificate of Live Birth in a state located in the southeastern region of Brazil. Data analysis was performed in the software Stata 14.1. Pearson’s chi-square test for bivariate analysis, and logistic regression for multivariate analysis were performed, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and a significance of 5%. Results: We observed that 157 cases of Down syndrome were reported among 386,571 live births, representing an incidence of 4 in 10,000 live births. Down syndrome was associated with maternal age ≥ 35 years, paternal age ≥ 30 years, the performance of six or more prenatal consultations, prematurity, and low birth weight (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Women aged 35 and over were more likely to have children born with Down syndrome. In addition, there is an association of Down syndrome with premature birth, low birth weight, and the number of prenatal consultations (≥6).

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN USIA, JENIS KELAMIN DAN BERAT BADAN LAHIR DENGAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA BALITA DI INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syajaratuddur Faiqah ◽  
Ristrini Ristrini ◽  
Irmayani Irmayani
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Age And Sex

Anemia is a condition where haemoglobin is below the normal value. Anaemia is often meet at children and pregnant women. Many factors cause anaemia i.e. iron, deficiency of folic acid and vitamin B12,  Babies who are born prematurely or have a low birth weight . The aim of this research was to know correlation between age, sex, birthweight  with anemia. This study is a part of Basic health research (Riskesdas) 2013 data. The study population was children under five years old, who were respondents Riskesdas 2013,  analysis used in this study is the Chi-Square test. The results showed that 194,668 children, the highest anemia at the age of 12-24 months  36,1%, female gender 57,9%, low birth weight 20,6%, prevalence anemia 20,4%. Based on bivariate analysis it is known that the related variables (p <0.05) with the incidence of anemia were age and sex (p = 0.0001). Variables unrelated to anemia are birthweight. There is a significant relationships between age and sex with the incidence of anemia among children in Indonesia, it needs to be counseling on the parents of children to provide adequate nutrition so that it can prevent the incidence of anemia in infants, especially at the age of 12-24 months with female sex. Abstrak Anemia adalah suatu kondisi di mana hemoglobin berada di bawah nilai normal. Anemia sering ditemukan pada anak-anak dan wanita hamil. Banyak faktor yang menyebabkan anemia yaitu kekurangn zat besi, defisiensi asam folat dan vitamin B12, bayi yang lahir prematur atau memiliki berat badan lahir rendah. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Usia, Jenis kelamin dan berat badan lahir dengan anemia pada balita. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional.  Populasi penelitian adalah anak-anak berusia di bawah lima tahun, yang menjadi responden Riskesdas 2013, analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji Chi-Square.Penelitian menunjukkan dari 194,668 balita, yang mengalami anemia tertinggi pada usia 12 – 24 bulan yaitu 36,1%, jenis kelamin perempuan yaitu 57,9%,  berat badan lahir rendah sebanyak 20,6%, prevalensi anemia 20,4%. Berdasarkan analisis bivariat diketahui bahwa variabel yang berhubungan (p < 0,05) dengan kejadian anemia adalah usia dan jenis kelamin (p = 0,0001). Variabel yang tidak berhubungan dengan anemia adalah berat badan lahir.  Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara usia dan jenis kelamin dengan kejadian anemia pada balita di Indonesia, perlu dilakukan penyuluhan pada orang tua balita memberikan asupan nutrisi yang adekuat sehingga dapat mencegah kejadian anemia pada balita terutama pada usia 12 – 24 bulan dengan jenis kelamin perempuan.

scholarly journals Still birth in a tertiary health facility in Enugu state South-East Nigeria: a hidden tragedy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2584
Author(s):  
Hope O. Nwoga ◽  
Miriam O. Ajuba ◽  
Chukwuma P. Igweagu
Keyword(s):  
Health Facility ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Still Birth ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Enugu State

Background: Stillbirth is one of the common adverse outcomes of pregnancy that occur worldwide. The prevalence differs in different continents of the world and even within different localities in the same country. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and social determinants of health that affect still birth in Enugu state, Nigeria.Methods: The study was a prospective hospital-based study conducted at the obstetrics and gynecology department of a tertiary health facility in Nigeria. All the data were retrieved from the ante natal and delivery card of all the women that delivered at the unit within the time of data collection. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25 and variables were presented as frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviation. Bivariate analysis was done using chi-square test. The level of significance was set at p value≤0.05.Results: The mean age of the mothers was 29.76±4.69 while most of them were aged 21-30 years 431(56.0%). Majority of them were employed 529 (68.7%) and had tertiary education 484 (62.9%). The prevalence of still birth was 40.3 per 1000 births. Maternal age, marital status, educational levels and booking status affected the prevalence of still birth.On logistic regression, un-booked mothers had 25 times odds of having still birth when compared to those that booked after 28 weeks gestationConclusions: The prevalence of still birth is high in Enugu state with un-booked mothers contributing about 88.6%. Early booking helps to detect possible complications early with timely interventions.

scholarly journals Hubungan Antara Preeklampsia dengan Kejadian Berat Badan Lahir Rendah di RSUD Dr. Soedarso Pontianak Tahun 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
Lina Astuty
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Hydatidiform Mole ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Significance Test ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Chi Square Test

Research: Pre-eclampsia is a disease with signs of hypertension, edema, and proteinuria arising from pregnancy. This disease generally occurs in the third trimester of pregnancy, but can occur earlier, for example in hydatidiform mole (Wiknjosastro, 2005: 282). Preeclampsia and Eclampsia are one of the main causes of maternal mortality in Indonesia. The incidence of preeclampsia ranges from 5-15% of all pregnancies in the world. Based on the 2003 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS), the incidence of preeclampsia in Indonesia is estimated at 3.4–8.5%. The research method used analytical observational method through a case control approach, which is an analytical study concerning how risk factors are studied using a retrospective approach. In other words, the effect is identified now, then the risk factor is identified as having existed or occurred in the past. Research Results The results of the significance test using the Chi-Square test showed a significant relationship to the occurrence of low birth weight (LBW) in mothers with preeclampsia. This is indicated by the value of p = 0.000 which is smaller than α = 0.05, so Ho is rejected. While the results of the calculation of the Odds Ratio show that preeclampsia is one of the causes of LBW, this is indicated by the OR value of 3.028. Conclusion: There is a relationship between preeclampsia and low birth weight in dr. Soedarso Pontianak in 2018 with a probability value (ρ) = 0.000.

scholarly journals Perinatal outcome of term pregnancies with borderline amniotic fluid index: a prospective case control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 2047
Author(s):  
Devika V. Desai ◽  
Nigamananda Mishra ◽  
Gayatri V. Savani
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
P Value ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Index ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: It has been since antiquity that the importance of amniotic fluid and fetal growth with perinatal outcome is being documented. But the lacunae lies in studying the relationship between borderline amniotic fluid and perinatal outcome. The following study was undertaken to provide recent data that would help predict perinatal outcome in borderline AFI pregnancies.Methods: About 144 patients were considered in the study OPD/IPD patients in obstetrics and gynecology department in Bhabha Atomic Research Centre and Hospital, with about 72 cases with borderline amniotic fluid index (5-8 cm) and controls with amniotic fluid index ≥9-25 cm. Patients were selected and subjected to history taking, examination, ultrasound test with doppler studies and perinatal outcome documented over a period of one year.Results: The incidence of borderline AFI in my study was 16%. 58% were primigravidas. Meconium stained liquor was found in 18% cases compared to 7% controls. Low birth weight was found in 12.5% cases and 2.7% in controls. On applying statistical test analysis chi square test, it was found that borderline amniotic fluid index in relation to presence of meconium stained amniotic fluid and low birth weight, p value was found to be statistically significant (<0.05).Conclusions: Borderline amniotic fluid and perinatal outcome had significant relationship in terms of meconium stained liquor and birth weight while rest had no significance. Thus, borderline amniotic fluid patients require vigilant fetal surveillance.

scholarly journals The pattern of admission and outcome of neonates managed in the neonatal intensive care unit in a Sudanese hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 616
Author(s):  
Safaa A. M. Ahmed ◽  
Mohammed A. O. Ali ◽  
Esraa A. A. Mahgoub ◽  
Mohammed Nimir ◽  
Elfatih M. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: This study aimed to assess the admission pattern and outcome of neonates managed in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in a Sudanese hospital.Methods: This hospital-based retrospective study was conducted in the NICU of Saad Abu Elella Teaching Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan. Data was collected from medical records of 207 neonates using an extraction form. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used in analysis.Results: Most of the neonates were term, and 43% of them had a birth weight less than 2.5 kg. Moreover, the most common morbidities among them were sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, neonatal jaundice and asphyxia, and the mortality rate was 15%. Additionally, the birth weight, gestational age, the need for resuscitations, direct breast feeding and being beside mother were found to be significantly associated with the studied outcome.Conclusions: Majority of causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality in our study were preventable diseases. Therefore, interventions to improve services in the NICU are highly needed to improve the outcomes.

scholarly journals Exploring the association between adverse maternal circumstances and low birth weight in neonates: a nationwide population-based study in Bangladesh

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e036162
Author(s):  
Md Mostaured Ali Khan ◽  
Md Golam Mustagir ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Md Sharif Kaikobad ◽  
Hafiz TA Khan
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Designs

ObjectiveThis study is concerned with helping to improve the health and care of newborn babies in Bangladesh by exploring adverse maternal circumstances and assessing whether these are contributing towards low birth weight (LBW) in neonates.Study designs and settingsData were drawn and analysed from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2014. Any association between LBW and adverse maternal circumstances were assessed using a Chi-square test with determinants of LBW identified by multivariate logistic regression analysis.ParticipantsThe study is based on 4728 children aged below 5 years and born to women from selected households.ResultsThe rate of LBW was around 19.9% (199 per 1000 live births) with the highest level found in the Sylhet region (26.2%). The rate was even higher in rural areas (20.8%) and among illiterate mothers (26.6%). Several adverse maternal circumstances of the women included in the survey were found to be significant for increasing the likelihood of giving birth to LBW babies. These circumstances included the women being underweight (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.26, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.49); having unwanted births (AOR 1.22, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.44); had previous pregnancies terminated (AOR 1.28, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.57); were victims of intimate partner violence (AOR 1.23, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.45) and taking antenatal care <4 times (AOR 1.23, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.48). Other important risk factors that were revealed included age at birth <18 years (AOR 1.42, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.83) and intervals between the number of births <24 months (AOR 1.25, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.55). When taking multiple fertility behaviours together such as, the ages of the women at birth (<18 years with interval <24 months (AOR 1.26, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.57) and birth order (>3 with interval <24 months (AOR 1.68, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.37), then the risk of having LBW babies significantly increased.ConclusionThis study finds that adverse maternal circumstances combined with high-risk fertility behaviours are significantly associated with LBW in neonates. This situation could severely impede progress in Bangladesh towards achieving the sustainable development goal concerned with the healthcare of newborns.

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