ULTRASOUND AS PRIME MODALITY OF CHOICE FOR EVALUATION OF BREAST LESIONS.

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-38
Author(s):  
Snehal Santosh Rathi ◽  
Sonali Mhaske Kadam
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Nipple Discharge ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Breast Ultrasound ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Primary Screening ◽  
High Frequency Probe

INTRODUCTION: The four main roles of ultrasound in Breast imaging are-primary screening, supplemental screening, diagnosis and Interventional procedures. Palpable masses, abnormal nipple discharge and mammographic abnormalities constitute the most common indication for targeted Breast Ultrasound. AIM: To study the role of Ultrasound in evaluating Breast lesions and characterising them as Benign or Malignant. MATERIAL AND METHODS:This is a Retrospective analysis conducted in Department of Radiology, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Kamothey, Navi Mumbai from February 2021 to June 2021. A total of 136 patients with signs and symptoms related to breast lesions were screened. CONCLUSION: The advent of high frequency probe, easy accessibility, cost effectiveness, reliability and relatively easy to perform makes ultrasound as the prime modality of choice for screening breast lesions.

scholarly journals ROLE OF VIRECHANA KARMA & MADHUTAILIKA BASTI IN THE MANAGEMENT OF EKAKUSHTA

2021 ◽  
Vol p5 (5) ◽  
pp. 3050-3054
Author(s):  
Shubha C ◽  
Amanda Kittie Kynshikhar ◽  
Pooja B A ◽  
Sangamitra Pattnaik ◽  
Abhishek Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Female Patient ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

A Hindu female patient of age 30 yrs. with a history of dry scaly white patches over the skin since childhood with prevailing signs of swelling wounds over the patches on the right foot and left palm for six months, diagnosed as a case of Psoriasis came for treatment at Sushrutha Ayurvedic Medical College & Hospital, Bangalore. Considering the signs and symptoms patient was treated in the line of Ekakustha. Classical Virechana Karma followed by Shamana Aushadhi and Madhutailika Basti was administered. Significant relief was found in the signs and symp- toms with no recurrence after the treatment. Keywords: Ekakushta, Psoriasis, Classical Virechana, Madhutailika Basti, Shamana Aushadhi.

Current Status of Breast Ultrasound

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anat Kornecki
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Breast Ultrasound ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Axillary Lymph Nodes ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Tumour Extension ◽  
The Status ◽  
High Risk Populations

Ultrasound (US) has a significant role in diagnostic breast imaging. It is most commonly used as an adjunctive test in characterizing lesions detected by other imaging modalities or by clinical examination. US is recognized as the modality of choice in the evaluation of women who are symptomatic and younger than 30 years of age, pregnant, or lactating. Combined mammography and US appear to have a role in screening high-risk populations. The use of standard Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System US lexicon is helpful in guiding the differentiation between benign and malignant sonographic signs. Biopsy is warranted when benign features are absent or for any feature consistent with malignancy, despite other benign findings. Whole breast and axillary US are useful in assessing tumour extension, multifocality, and the status of axillary lymph nodes. US is the modality of choice for guiding interventional breast procedures. The role of US as a guidance tool for nonoperative breast treatment is being investigated.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and Clinicopathologic Study of Nonneoplastic Cystic Lesions of the Central Nervous System at a Tertiary Care Center

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
Mukta Meel ◽  
Nikita Choudhary ◽  
Ashok Singh ◽  
Kusum Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Mass Lesion ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Clinicopathologic Study

Abstract Background Nonneoplastic cysts of brain are a diverse group of benign lesions with variable etiopathogenesis. Due to different site and histogenesis, these lesions have wide clinicopathologic spectrum. Objective The study was performed to evaluate epidemiology and clinicopathologic spectrum of nonneoplastic central nervous system (CNS) cysts highlighting the role of histopathology in the diagnosis as well as to compare the data with other institution’s data available in literature. Materials and Methods All nonneoplastic CNS cysts reported from January 2013 to June 2020 in the Department of Pathology of Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, were retrieved and reviewed. The data were evaluated for age, site, cyst wall lining, nature of cyst contents, and location (intracranial and spinal), using SPSS software version 20.0. Results A total of 255 cases were reviewed with an incidence of 4.96% and an age range of 2 to 74 years with slight male preponderance. Among them there were 157, 34, 26, 24, and 2 cases of epidermoid, arachnoid, dermoid, colloid, and glioependymal cysts, respectively, and 1 case of perineural cyst. Infective cysts were much less common than noninfective cysts, accounting for two cases of neurocysticercosis and hydatid cysts each. All cyst types mainly presented with signs and symptoms of a mass lesion. Conclusion Nonneoplastic cyst mainly presented like a CNS mass lesion with overlapping clinical features, and image finding revealing the key role of histopathological analysis. Epidermoids were the most common type of these cysts in the present series followed by the arachnoid cysts.

scholarly journals Diphtheria: a re-emerging infectious disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 475
Author(s):  
Shashidhar S. Suligavi ◽  
Divya K. Vishwanath ◽  
Shilpa Gokale ◽  
S. S. Doddamani
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Immunization Status ◽  
The Relationship

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background: </strong>Diphtheria is a fatal bacterial infection which affects the mucous membranes of oropharyngeal and nasal cavity, caused by aerobic gram-positive bacteria Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Clinical diphtheria is on the increase worldwide, mainly affecting developing countries and leading cause of morbidity and mortality. We sought to understand its presentation among patients and also early intervention of the disease. The objective of the study was to study the clinico-demographic profile of cases, the relationship between immunization status and clinical disease, the role of microbiological investigations and to identify complications in diphtheria cases.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study is a hospital based observational study from September 2019 - September 2020 at a tertiary care centre, S.Nijalingappa Medical College and HSK hospital, Bagalkot, Karnataka. The cases were analysed with respect to demographic details, clinical features, immunization status, microbiological confirmation and complications of diphtheria cases.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>32 cases were suspected to have diphtheria on clinical examination. The mean age of presentation was 15 years. Fever, sore throat, difficulty in swallowing, neck swelling and pseudomembrane in oral cavity were the common signs and symptoms. Airway compromise, myocarditis and neurological complications were noted. Antidiphtheritic serum (ADS) was tried in all 32 cases and 8 cases had adverse reactions. Case fatality rate was 12.5%.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Shifting of occurrence of diphtheria in the age group of &gt;5 years suggest the need to improve and strengthen the immunization program specially the booster doses.</p>

scholarly journals The Dynamic Optical Breast Imaging in the Preoperative Workflow of Women with Suspicious or Malignant Breast Lesions: Development of a New Comprehensive Score

ISRN Oncology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano D'Aiuto ◽  
Giuseppe Frasci ◽  
Maria Luisa Barretta ◽  
Adolfo Gallipoli ◽  
Giovanni Maria Ciuffo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Breast Cancer Imaging ◽  
In Situ Carcinoma ◽  
Malignant Breast ◽  
Definition Of

Purpose. To determine the diagnostic accuracy of DOBIComfortScan in patients with Breast Imaging Reporting suspect breast lesions (BI-RADS) 4-5 breast lesions. Materials and Methods. One-hundred and thirteen patients underwent DOBIComfortScan examination before surgery. Twelve parameters were taken into consideration to define DOBI findings. Results. Twenty-seven radical mastectomies, 47 quadrantectomies and 39 wide excisions, were performed. Overall, 65 invasive cancer, 9 in situ carcinoma and 39 nonmalignant lesions, were observed. Ten out of 12 considered parameters resulted significantly in association with histology at discriminant analysis. A summation score of 30.5 resulted to be the best cut off at ROC analysis, giving a sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 87%, respectively, and a positive predictive value of 92.2%. Finally the following DOBI-BI-RADS model was developed: malignant B5≥38 score); possibly malignant (B4=25-37 score); benign but the possibility of malignancy cannot be excluded (B3=20-24 score); benign (B2<20 score). Conclusion. definition of other parameters permits to improve the accuracy of this procedure. Further studies are warranted to define the potential role of DOBIComfortScan in breast cancer imaging.

scholarly journals Role of Corpus Callosum in Global Developmental Delay

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-131
Author(s):  
K Mounisha ◽  
MU Jeevika ◽  
BG Mahesh ◽  
B Adarsh ◽  
KK Nirnay
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Global Developmental Delay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Difference

Background: Neuroimaging provides essential information as evidence of previous injuries, specific abnormalities that could indicate a group or a particular disease in babies with global developmental delay. The objectives is to assess the difference of corpus callosal size in various regions of the corpus callosum in cases of children with developmental delay and to know the etiology using MRI. Subjects and Methods: My study includes 102 children between 1 to 6 years of age among which 51 children are cases having signs and symptoms of developmental delay and 51 children are controls i.e. healthy babies. They underwent MRI in the Department of Radiology, JJM Medical College, Davangere in whom corpus callosum is imaged on sagittal MR sections and its size is calculated in different regions. Results: Abnormalities of the corpus callosum like thinning and agenesis were observed in 55.5% (N=27) in the study group, and none of the patients in the control group. Partial corpus callosal agenesis was present in 3.9% of patients. Complete agenesis in 3.9% of patients. Thinning of the corpus callosum was seen in 45% of patients who were in the study group. Conclusion: The current study suggests that corpus callosal abnormalities, including brain changes, is useful in knowing the etiology of global developmental delay.

scholarly journals Expression of claudin, paxillin and FRA-1 in non-nodular breast lesions in association with microcalcifications

2013 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
José David Kandelman ◽  
Angela Flávia Logullo Waitzberg ◽  
Jacob Szejnfeld ◽  
Ricardo Luiz Smith
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stereotaxic Biopsy ◽  
Predictive Role ◽  
Her 2

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE The possible role of adhesion molecules in early breast carcinogenesis has been shown in the literature. We aimed to analyze early adhesion imbalances in non-nodular breast lesions and their association with precursor lesions, in order to ascertain whether these alterations exist and contribute towards early carcinogenesis. DESIGN AND SETTING Retrospective cross-sectional study based on medical records at a private radiological clinic in São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all consecutive women attended between August 2006 and July 2007 who presented mammographic evidence of breast microcalcifications classified as Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System Atlas (BI-RADS) type 4. These women underwent stereotaxic biopsy. Clinical, radiological and pathological data were collected, and immunohistochemical assays searched for claudin, paxillin, FRA-1 and HER-2. RESULTS Over this period, 127 patients were evaluated. Previous BI-RADS diagnoses showed that 69 cases were in category 4A, 47 in 4B and 11 in 4C. Morphological assessment showed benign entities in 86.5%. Most of the benign lesions showed preserved claudin expression, associated with paxillin (P < 0.001). Paxillin and HER-2 expressions were correlated. FRA-1 expression was also strongly associated with HER-2 expression (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Although already present in smaller amounts, imbalance of adhesion molecules is not necessarily prevalent in non-nodular breast lesions. Since FRA-1 expression reached statistically significant correlations with radiological and morphological diagnoses and HER-2 status, it may have a predictive role in this setting.

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