“PREVALENCE AND PATTERN OF ANAEMIA IN CHILDREN BETWEEN 1-5 YEAR OLD CHILDREN: A HOSPITAL-BASED STUDY”

Background: ‘Anaemia’ refers to a condition in which the hemoglobin content of the blood is lower than normal as a result of deficiency of one or more essential nutrients, heavy blood loss, parasitic infections and congenital hemolytic diseases. Anemia is a critical health concern because it affects growth and energy levels adversely. The present study was done to determine the prevalence, associated factors and pattern of anemia in under five-year-old children in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out among under five-year-old children admitted in the hospital for various medical illnesses. For the diagnosis of anemia, WHO criteria for haemoglobin (Hb) threshold in different age group were used. Results: Total 112 anemic children were enrolled into the study. Children of age group of between 1-5 years were affected. A majority of the mother of anemic children had primary level of school education. More than half of the children belong to lower socioeconomic classes (Class IV + Class V). Nutritional deficiency was the single most important causative factor in the development of anemia. In our study the prevalence of anaemia was 75% with ranging from mild, moderate and severe. Conclusion: Nutritional deficiency, particularly, iron deficiency is the leading cause of anemia in the present study. This disorder can be primarily prevented by proper nutritional habits and adequate treatment.

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Prevalence of anemia in under five-year-old children: a hospital-based study

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20190740 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 842

Author(s):

Swatantar Singh ◽

Sangeeta Parihar

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Causative Factor ◽

Child Growth ◽

Nutritional Deficiency ◽

Age Group ◽

Growth Standards ◽

Under Five ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Background: Anemia affects individuals of both gender and all ages, there is a need for localized and age- and context-specific studies to improve our knowledge of prevalence patterns and associated risk factors of Indian population. The present study was done to determine the prevalence of and associated risk factors for anemia in under five-year-old children in a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out among under five-year-old children suffering from anemia. For the diagnosis of anemia, WHO criteria for haemoglobin (Hb) threshold in different age group were used. The growth and development statuses of children were evaluated by WHO's Child Growth Standards 2006.Results: Total 240 anaemic children were enrolled into the study. Children of age group of between 2-5 years was more affected. A majority of the mother of anaemic children had primary level of school education. More than half of the children belong to lower socioeconomic classes (Class IV + Class V). Nutritional deficiency was the single most important causative factor in the development of anemia. Infectious diseases found to be more prevalent.Conclusions: Nutritional deficiency, particularly, iron deficiency is the leading cause of anemia in the present study. In addition to nutritional deficiency, socioeconomic factors like, gender, maternal education and SE class also play an important role in development of anemia.

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Aetiological Outcome of Mesenteric Lymphadenopathy and Pain Abdomen in Paediatric Population at a Tertiary Care Hospital (MRIMSHyderabad) - A Hospital Based Prospective Observational Study

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2021/480 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (29) ◽

pp. 2601-2608

Author(s):

Dileep Kumar Allagadda ◽

Harikrishna Appana ◽

Ramu Pedada ◽

Deepika Gurram ◽

Ditin Joseph

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Pain ◽

Observational Study ◽

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Paediatric Population ◽

Etiological Agent ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Mesenteric Lymphadenitis

BACKGROUND Abdominal pain is a common disorder in children and adolescents worldwide with prevalence rate ranging from 20 - 25 % in school-going children in India. It is a frustrating concern to the child, parents and the physician. Even though abdominal pain is one of the most common complaints in children, it poses a diagnostic challenge owing to the variety of underlying causes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the aetiology of abdominal pain associated with significant mesenteric lymphadenopathy in a paediatric population. METHODS This is a hospital based prospective, observational study done in Department of Paediatrics, Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences (MRIMS), Hyderabad. RESULTS Out of the 65 children studied, 30.8 % were of 5 - 8 years age group, 36.9 % were 9 - 12 years age group and 32.3 % were 13 - 15 years age group. In our study, we found 50.8 % were boys and 49.2 % were girls. 20 % of them were having fever, 16.9 % were having cough, 16.9 % were having diarrhoea, 13.8 % were having sore throat, 16.9 % dysuria, and 15.4 % were having constipation. All patients in our study group underwent ultrasound of abdomen. All cases were having significant mesenteric lymphadenopathy (more than 5 mm in short axis with three or more number of lymph nodes). In 53.8 % cases, etiological agent for the mesenteric lymphadenopathy was not proved with our investigations. In the remaining 46.2 % of children, cause of mesenteric lymphadenopathy was proved and 38.5 % were bacterial infections, 6.2 % were viral infections and 1.5 % were parasitic infections. CONCLUSIONS It is important to recognise mesenteric lymphadenitis as a clinical entity in paediatric cases presenting with abdominal pain. They should be evaluated for an etiological agent and if no proven source of infection and etiological agent is found, it can be considered as functional abdominal pain. If we are able to get a proper etiological diagnosis in these cases, we could treat them and we could make huge difference in terms of quality of life. KEYWORDS Abdominal Pain, Mesenteric Lymphadenitis, Ultrasound, Significant Mesenteric Lymphadenopathy

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Isolation of Campylobacter Species in the Stool of Under Five Children With Acute Diarrhea in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh

Bangladesh Medical Journal ◽

10.3329/bmj.v49i3.56075 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 11-16

Author(s):

Suborna Dey ◽

Rajib Das ◽

Md Moynul Haque ◽

Premananda Das ◽

Shantanu Das ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Diarrhea ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Acute Diarrhoea ◽

Socioeconomic Background ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Isolation Rate ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Campylobacter Species

Campylobacter species is the main etiology of gastroenteritis due to bacteria. To determine prevalence of Campylobacter species in stool of children less than five years of age with acute diarrhoea, this observational study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Sylhet M A G Osmani Medical College, Sylhet from January to December, 2017. Stool samples were collected from 162 under-five children with acute diarrhoea admitted in the Department of Paediatrics. Isolation of Campylobacter species were done by stool culture. About two third of the children were male (65.4%) and more than one fourth of the affected children (26.65%) were in age group 6-12 months. Campylobacter species was isolated in 24 (15%) sample and among them, Campylobacter jejuni were 22 (91.7%) and Campylobacter coli were 2 (8.3%). Isolation rate of Campylobacter species did not differ significantly between age group of 6-12 months and above 12 months (p=0.211) of age; male and female children (p=0.288); among socioeconomic status (p=0.673) and between residential status (p=0.108). Isolation rate of Campylobacter species are frequent among under five children with acute diarrhea and most of the children came from low socioeconomic background and were male. However, a large multicenter study needs to be conducted to generate more evidence regarding the issue. Bangladesh Med J. 2020 Sept; 49(3) : 11-16

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PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE (PID): A CROSS SECTIONAL PROSPECTIVE STUDY AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

International Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Research ◽

10.31878/ijcbr.2018.43.13 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 61-64

Author(s):

Shinde SA ◽

Shinde US ◽

Aher GS

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Disease ◽

Vaginal Discharge ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Age Group ◽

Care Centre ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lower Socioeconomic ◽

Cervical Motion ◽

Cervical Motion Tenderness

Introduction : Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection of the upper part of the female reproductive system namely the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, and inside of the pelvis. Objective: to find out the clinical profile of PID in a tertiary care centre. Methods: This was a cross sectional, descriptive study conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, during period from January to December2016. Total 200 patients complaining of lower abdominal pain, vaginal discharge & having adnexal as well as cervical motion tenderness on bimanual examination between the age group of 18 -45 years were randomly selected for study. Parameters like age, parity, socio-economic status, age of marriage, sexual behavior, Presenting complaints and use of contraceptive were recorded. Results: Most common age group was 20-24 years (29.5%). Maximum number of cases was seen in parity between 2-5 (58%). PID was commonest amongst illiterate women (36%). Maximum number of cases was seen in women from lower socioeconomic class (74%). Out of 200 cases, 79% patients were married, 14 % were remarried. Presenting complaints were pain in abdomen (93.5%), per vaginal discharge (66%), fever (51%). Abdominal tenderness was seen in 95 % of cases. Palpable mass was present in 11 % of cases. Forniceal & cervical motion tenderness were the commonest Per Vaginal examination findings seen in 89% & 84% cases respectively. Conclusion: Incidence of PID was higher in age group between 20-29 years, multipara, women from lower socioeconomic class & illiterate women. Pain in lower abdomen, per vaginal discharge & fever were the commonest complaints. Most of the patients on examination had forniceal & cervical motion tenderness.

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Clinical pattern of cutaneous infestations in pediatric age group attending a tertiary care centre

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20214909 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 35

Author(s):

Raghavon U. U. ◽

Neela V. Bhuptani ◽

Bharti K. Patel ◽

Sagar Bhimani

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Patients ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Outpatient Department ◽

Health Concern ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Pediatric Age ◽

Pediatric Age Group

Background: Skin diseases are a serious health concern for children of all ages, and they are linked to a high rate of morbidity. In comparison to adults, children's dermatological problems are more impacted by socioeconomic position, dietary habits, climatic exposure, and the external environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of infestations among pediatric patients who visited the dermatology outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: From December 2019 to September 2020, all newly diagnosed, untreated male and female pediatric patients (from neonates to adolescents of 14 years of age) attending dermatology outpatient department (OPD) were assessed to determine the prevalence of Infestations within the pediatric population. A thorough history was gathered, followed by a meticulous dermatological examination and if indicated, regular investigations were done and were recorded in predesigned performa.Results: The analysis included 50 patients who had been infested. There were 43 cases (86%) of scabies and 7 cases (14%) of pediculosis capitis.Conclusions: The infestations in the pediatric age group are associated with a high communicable rate so it’s important to diagnose these conditions early to contain the spread and limit the morbidity.

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Diagnosis of Bacterial Vaginosis by Conventional Methods in the Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital

International Journal of Advanced and Integrated Medical Sciences ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10050-0001 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Ved Prakash ◽

Prem P Mishra ◽

Lata Agrawal ◽

HK Premi

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Vaginosis ◽

Vaginal Discharge ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Age Groups ◽

Health Concern ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Vaginal Ph ◽

Conventional Methods

ABSTRACT Background Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is highly prevalent among women especially in reproductive age group but it is found also in other age groups. Bacterial vaginosis is a great health concern in India because of its complications. Most of the healthcare centers in India are not well-versed in advance diagnostics for BV. Aim To assess the utility of conventional methods for diagnostic evaluation of BV in the patients of different age groups. Materials and methods In this 1 year cross-sectional study, the vaginal swabs were collected from women with signs and symptoms of BV like complaints of vaginal discharge, odor, itching, back ache, etc. attending the department of obstetrics and gynecology of a tertiary care hospital in Western UP. These specimens are subjected to vaginal pH determination and are sent to department of microbiology for Gram stain, wet-mount and whiff test. Amsel's criteria were used for confirming BV. Results A total of 206 women included in the study, n = 63 (29.61%) were found to be having BV based on Amsel's criteria. The mean age of the females were found to be 30.77 years. The most affected age group was found to be 26 to 35 years, n = 33 (54%). The vaginal pH was significantly higher in n = 61 (29.61%) women with BV. Vaginal discharge was prevalent in n = 108 (52.43%) women. Presence of clue cells and positive whiff test were found to be in n = 63 (30.58%) and n = 61(29.61%). Conclusion The characteristics of vaginal discharge, vaginal pH determination, clue cells and whiff test is relatively easier conventional methods for diagnosis of women with BV where better facilities are lacking. These tests are suitable for screening women with BV and in formulating the treatment to check the complications. How to cite this article Mishra PP, Prakash V, Agrawal L, Premi HK. Diagnosis of Bacterial Vaginosis by Conventional Methods in the Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(1):1-3.

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Trends of Suicidal Death at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

Journal of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College ◽

10.3329/jssmc.v5i1.16202 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 28-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Md Habibuzzaman Choudhury ◽

Md Mizanur Rahman ◽

Md Gisan Hossain ◽

Nasid Tabassum ◽

Md Rafiqul Islam

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Criminal Offence ◽

Lower Socioeconomic Status ◽

Police Station ◽

Medical College ◽

Lower Socioeconomic ◽

Suicidal Death

Background: Suicide is one of the forms of criminal offence in Bangladesh and it is also prevailing in other countries of the world. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the trends of suicidal death at a tertiary care hospital. Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted on suicidal death in the Department of Forensic Medicine at Dinajpur Medical College, Dinajpur. Result: A total number of 20 cases were examined from June 2004 to June 2006 for 2 years. All the cases were referred from 13 different police stations and one railway station of Dinajpur district. Among them the highest numbers of cases were brought by Kotowally police station and the lowest from Hakimpur police station. But among the 20 cases 70% were female Muslims. Conclusion: The highest frequency of offence is found in lower socioeconomic status. The most common age group is from 20-35 years. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v5i1.16202 J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2013;5(1):28-30

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Spectrum and pattern of pediatric dermatoses in under five population in a tertiary care centre

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20163508 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 69

Author(s):

Guneet Awal ◽

Surinder Pal Singh ◽

Saurabh Sharma ◽

Jasleen Kaur

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Infections ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Skin Disorders ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Residential Status ◽

Under Five ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Male Patients

Background: Pediatric dermatoses vary vastly from adult dermatoses in terms of clinical presentation, treatment and prognosis, thereby generating special interest in this field. The present study was carried to find out the spectrum, pattern and incidence of various skin disorders in infants and preschool children (upto 5 years), to correlate their prevalence with age, sex and rural/urban residential status.Methods: 1000 children under five years age , were evaluated for the presence of skin disease to study the pattern and incidence of these disorders and establish their relationship with age, sex and residential status (rural/urban).Skin disorders were described in detail and classified into groups like bacterial, fungal, parasitic, viral, eczematous, allergic, papulosquamous, pigmentary, miscellaneous.Results: Maximum number of children belonged to age group of less than 1 year (31.6%). Male patients (56.6%) out-numbered female patients (43.4%). 56.8% children belonged to urban area while 43.2% children were from rural area. Maximum incidence was of infections (41.1%). Of these infections, bacterial infections (14.5%) were the predominant followed by parasitic infections (10.9%). Eczematous skin disorders were the next common entity after infections seen in 35.1 % children followed by that of allergic disorders seen in 5.9% children. Conclusions: There is preponderance of infectious dermatoses among the under five population followed by eczematous and hypersensitivity disorders. The role of poverty, overcrowding, poor personal hygiene and low level of health education, undernutrition and consequent poor immunity are emphasized by these preventable diseases.

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A STUDY OF BLUNT CHEST TRAUMA : ETIOLOGY, EXTENT OF DANAGE AND MANAGEMENT

10.36106/paripex/0208178 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 35-36

Author(s):

Parth S Patel ◽

A.A. Ghasura ◽

Deep Patel ◽

Kartik Vala

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Chest Trauma ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Health Concern ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Public Health Concern ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Chest Injuries

Trauma is an important and serious problem of public health concern. It leads to disability and mortality especially among most active and productive age group of 0-40 years.In urban areas, blunt type of chest injuries are more frequently found.urbanization and industrization are important reason for these increasing number of accident. Methods : This study was carried out among 100 cases of age group 15 to 75 years, aa religions and both sexes in tertiary care hospital, civil hospital ahemdabad, between period of December 2020 to July 2021. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were decided. Etiology , extent of underlying damage and management were studied. Majority of Patien Results : t (41%)were from 25 to 35 years, majority of patient weer male. Vehicular accident was the commonest (60%) cause of injury followed by assault (20%).most of the patient suffered rib fracture. Majority were treated conservatively. Conclusion: Most active age group of 25 to 35 years and male were affected with commonly vehicular accident. This situation can only be controlled by increasing awareness among young and active age group.

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An observational study to determine the incidence and the clinico-epidemiologic profile of dengue fever in paediatric age group presenting to a tertiary care centre in Western Rajasthan, India

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20202131 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 1260

Author(s):

Sangeeta Kumari ◽

Mohan Makwana ◽

Harish Kumar Mourya ◽

Ramavtar Mitharwal ◽

Shivji Ram ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dengue Fever ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Health Concern ◽

Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽

Mosquito Vector ◽

Age Group ◽

Care Centre ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Epidemiologic Profile ◽

Paediatric Age

Background: Dengue remains major public health concern because of the expanding geographic distribution of both the virus and the mosquito vector. Aims and objectives was to determine the incidence of dengue fever in paediatric age group presenting to a tertiary care centre in Western Rajasthan and to evaluate the clinico-epidemiologic profile of these children.Methods: This is observational epidemiological study on patients of pediatric age group, over a period of one year.Results: A total of 210 ELISA positive cases, comprising of 55% males and 45% female (Male to female ratio of 1.2:1) were enrolled. In this study most (44.7%) were age group of 10-18 years, 80% patients from urban area, 93.8%. admitted between the months of September to December, 70.95% presented between 3rd to 5th days of their illness, 48 (22.86%) were tourniquet test positive at the time of admission with fever being most common (95.23%) presenting symptom, followed by headache (60%) and vomiting (55%). Almost all (99.52%) had thrombocytopenia (34.2% of them had severe thrombocytopenia), most (85%) had a hospital stay of less than a week, 98.10% patients required fluid therapy for less than 5 days. and a mean of 3.41±2.60 days were required by these patients to recover from significant thrombocytopenia. Here 22% (46) patient’s required ICU care, with shock being main indication for ICU admission, followed by requirement of blood product transfusion (73%). Bleeding manifestations were seen in 73(34%) patients, commonest being the epistaxis in 40 patients (55%).Conclusions: Incidence of dengue was 0.42% with 32.38%patients were IgG ELISA positive also.

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