scholarly journals Study on Microbiological Quality of Vender Chicken Livers in Jalalabad City

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Saeed Mohammad Weqar
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Microbiological Laboratory ◽  
The Government ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
Chilling Period ◽  
Made In

Liver is chemically complex matrixes contain sufficient nutrients that support microbial growth. Microbial contamination of vending chicken livers could occur due to different possible reasons such as storing foods in cheap utensils, holding foods at a temperature that would permit bacterial growth, utilization of water of questionable hygienic quality, using packing materials that were not of food-grade quality, vending site that has no facilities for waste disposal and utilization of unclean utensils. In addition, street chicken livers vendors are unaware of the basic importance of personal cleanliness, thus their products are usually vulnerable to gross contamination by flies, insects, rodents, dust and other dirt. Vending chicken livers are often poor and uneducated and lack appreciation for safe food handling. Aim of the study is to determine microbiological quality of chicken livers in Jalalabad city.  A total of 24 samples of vender chicken livers   from 4 different shops had purchased from Jalalabad city Afghanistan. This step occurred earlier than the chilling period then Transfer Directly to the Microbiological laboratory of Veterinary Science faculty of Nangarhar University for Microbial culture and microscopic examination.   According to our study we have seen 6 (25%) samples positive for Salmonella and 24(100%) samples positive for Shigella. Studies made in Nangarhar pointed out that the important aspect of vending chicken livers is their safety and understanding the possible ways of contamination. The sanitary condition need to be improved.  The government must develop microbiological standards of fast food and urgently put them in practice.

scholarly journals Artificial neural network prediction of microbiological quality of beef minced meat processed for fast-food meals

2021 ◽  
Vol 854 (1) ◽  
pp. 012091
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Ranitovic ◽  
Lato Pezo ◽  
Olja Sovljanski ◽  
Ana Tomic ◽  
Dragoljub Cvetkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Beef Meat ◽  
Microbiological Profile ◽  
Minced Beef ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Minced Meat

Abstract In this study, the microbiological quality of 72 minced beef meat samples collected during six months from a local butcher was defined after laboratory analysis and developing advanced mathematical models. This new simultaneous approach provided adequate precision for the prediction of the microbiological profile of minced beef meat as one of the easily spoiled products with a short shelf life. For the first time, an artificial network model was developed to predict the microbiological profile of beef minced meat in a fast-food restaurant according to meat and storage temperatures, butcher identification, and work shift. A concurrent statistical study of practical analysis and the developing mathematical models provided adequate precision for the prediction of the microbiological profile of minced beef meat. The developed ANN provided a good prediction of the microbiological profile of beef minced meat with an overall R2 of 0.867 during the training cycle.

Microbiological Quality of Foodservice Menu Items Produced and Stored by Cook/Chill, Cook/Freeze, Cook/Hot-Hold and Heat/Serve Methods1

1984 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 876-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. O. SNYDER ◽  
M. E. MATTHEWS
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Clostridium Sporogenes ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Health Significance ◽  
Aerobic Plate Count ◽  
Initial Heating

Microbiological quality of menu items prepared by cook/chill, cook/freeze, cook/hot-hold and heat/serve methods for producing and storing menu items in foodservice systems is reviewed. Of the 40 studies, 21 focused on the cook/chill method and two on the heat/serve. Nine studies on the microbiological quality of delicatessen and fast food were also reviewed. Microbiological evaluation included total plate count, mesophilic aerobic plate count, psychrotrophic aerobic plate count, streptococcal count, staphylococcal count, clostridial count, coliforms, fecal coliforms, yeast and mold, Clostridium perfringens, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Clostridium sporogenes, Streptococcus faecium, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus spp., coagulase-positive staphylococci, fecal streptococci and Salmonella. In 29 of the studies, heat was applied to menu items at one or more process steps - initial heating, hot-holding and/or final heating. Initial heating temperatures for entrees ranged from 45 to 90°C, while final heating temperatures ranged from 23 to 98°C. Times ranged from 15 to 90 min for initial heating and 0.33 to 35 min for final heating. Continued research is needed to provide data on effects of time and temperature on the microbiological quality of menu items. Such data will provide foodservice practitioners with adequate assurance that chosen thermal processing methods destroy microorganisms of public health significance.

Measuring the Quality of Union Budgets: Need to Go beyond the Deficit Measures

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-195
Author(s):  
Karamjeet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Composite Index ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Fiscal Consolidation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Essential Services ◽  
Difference Of Opinion ◽  
The Government ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Made In

In the run-up to Union Budget 2016–2017, a major difference of opinion emerged within the Union Government over adherence to fiscal consolidation vis-à-vis maintaining adequate expenditure allocation for essential services, such as health, education and infrastructure development ( Business Standard, 2016). As the budget document was unveiled, it was clear from the deficit targets met (and sought to be met in the future) that the government did not deviate from its commitments towards fiscal consolidation. These deficit targets, however, provide limited understanding of the overall ‘quality’ of expenditure and receipts of the government. In order to comprehend the overall picture and quantify this qualitative aspect, there is a need to go beyond the conventional measures of deficit. This article discusses the concept, meaning and usage of the various measures of deficits in order to, first, highlight their limitations in understanding the overall quality of budgets and, second, make a case for creation of a ‘composite index’ to reflect the broad quality and composition of budgets. A modest attempt has also been made in this article to evaluate the Union Budgets of the recent years on the basis of one such index developed by Bhide and Panda (2002). Results provide concrete evidence of a discernible improvement in the quality of budgets in the past few years.

scholarly journals Pendidikan Multikultural: Landasan Religius dan Filosofis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
pascasarjana kls A
Keyword(s):  
Education Policy ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
The Government ◽  
Made In

The quality of understanding religion in society includes, inter alia, the implementation of religious education in formal education institutions. There is nothing wrong if these factors are studied on an ongoing basis because religious education is given to all levels of formal education from elementary to tertiary levels. This policy has been going on for decades. Much progress has been made in the religious field after the implementation of the religious education policy was implemented by the government.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS AL-AZHAR MEDAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Derliani Daulay
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Curriculum Design ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Education Curriculum ◽  
Education Planning ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Made In

<p>This study aims to describe the learning implementation of Islamic<br />religious education curriculum in improving the quality of education in<br />Al-Azhar High School Medan. Include; Curriculum design, efforts to<br />improve the quality of education, planning, implementation, and<br />evaluation. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews. Data<br />analysis techniques using data reduction, data display, and conclusion<br />drawing / verification. The results of the study show that: 1) The design of<br />the Islamic religious education curriculum that is used in Al-Azhar Medan<br />High School is the same as the government curriculum, only there is<br />development in the material. 2). Efforts are made in improving the quality<br />of education by taking into account the education, output and process of<br />education. 3) Implementation of the PAI curriculum in the presence of:<br />planning, implementing, and evaluating education.</p>

scholarly journals DRINKING WATER QUALITY IN SOME SELCTED SLUMS OF DHAKA CITY, BANGLADESH

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subrata Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The Government

— Over the last decade, Dhaka city of Bangladesh has experienced significant changes throughout its landscape and an extreme growth in population. As a result of environmental, economic, or demographic crises, Pressure increase on housing due to rapid urbanization and rural urban migration causes growth of slums and squatter settlements. Slums are residential areas of very high population density, high room density and poor housing with inadequate access to basic civic amenities. The specific objectives of the study are to explore the to investigate the existing water supply facilities and to know the drinking water quality of selected slums in Dhaka city. Korail slum and Geneva Camp slum have been randomly selected. Overall environment of the slum areas is disappointing due to unplanned housing, drains, roads and different authorized & unauthorized shops. The chemical quality of drinking water is satisfactory but microbiological quality of water is not up to the standard of drinking water. Due to the involvements of the Government, DWASA, and other national and international Non-Government Organization (NGO) s, the slums are getting access to pure drinking water supply although these are still insufficient.

scholarly journals Sanitary condition and its microbiological quality of improved water sources in the Southern Region of Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsigereda Assefa Alemayehu ◽  
Abel Weldetinsae ◽  
Daniel Abera Dinssa ◽  
Firehiwot Abera Derra ◽  
Tesfaye Legese Bedada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Sanitary Condition

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI KONDISI DAN UPAYA PENGUATAN PENGAWASAN DALAM RANGKA REFORMASI BIROKRSI DI KABUPATEN PEKALONGAN

GEMA PUBLICA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Herbasuki Herbasuki
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Exemplary Leadership ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Government ◽  
Village Government ◽  
Control Implementation ◽  
Made In

Supervision is one of the areas of bureaucarcy reform that is expected toincrease in clean governance and free of corruption, collusion and nepotism(KKN). The purpose of the study was to identify the internal oversight authority,issues and efforts to strengthen the government which’s done by PekalonganRegency. The study was conducted with a qualitative descriptive approach.Supervisory authority pursue by the rules of Pekalongan Regency No. 56 of2013 which includes monitoring the implementation of government affairs at thedistrict level, village government affairs, internal control implementation of thetasks and functions performed by the Inspectorate.The problems encountered by the activities of the budgeted plan in theplanning documents, the quantity and quality of auditors is still lacking,unfavorable employment policy, the lack of budget and unstandard of operationalproject.Efforts must be made in order to strengthen the supervision such ascommitment and exemplary leadership, gradual addition of auditor, the additionof operational funds and increase the quality of personnel SPIP (Internal ControlSystem of the Government) in a planning manner in order to assist theinspectorate and prevent acts of maladministration and fraud (irregularities) ingovernance.Keywords: supervision; bureaucracy reforms

scholarly journals Efficiency, cost and benefits in contracts of public-private partnerships

Nova Economia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Nobre Fernandez ◽  
◽  
André Carraro ◽  
Ronald Otto Hillbrecht ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Range ◽  
The Other ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Additional Parameter ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Efficiency Cost ◽  
Productive Process ◽  
The Government ◽  
Made In

Abstract: This paper presents a theoretical model in order to better understand the elaboration of Public-Private Partnership contracts. Starting from the model developed by Iossa and Martimort (2012), we consider an additional parameter that measures the sensibility of the effort made in between the stages of the project. We also delimitate the numerical range of the variable that determines the technology flexibility. In this regard, a bundling regime, under which the companies form a consortium, presents better results than when they are contracted separately. This is a consequence of the first model, in which the companies are able to internalize the externalities of the productive process. On the other hand, even though the bundling regime is more efficient, the government should seek mechanisms to monitor the quality of services.

scholarly journals Securing Quality in the Mixed Economy of Care: Difficulties in Regulating Training

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Balloch ◽  
Laura Banks ◽  
Michael Hill
Keyword(s):  
Social Care ◽  
Occupational Segregation ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Adult Care ◽  
Good Test ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

This study explores issues about securing quality of provision in social care using evidence from research into training in the adult care sector in two English local authorities. It shows that progress towards securing a trained workforce is slow and explores reasons for this. It argues that since the government is making particular efforts to increase training in this sector, these data provide a good test case of the problems about using regulation to raise care standards. It concludes that significant progress is unlikely to be made in respect of training unless the impact of other factors, such as the occupational segregation of the workforce and contracting out, are also taken into account.

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