Corruption and Healthcare Delivery: Towards a Progressive Intervention in Nigerian Correctional Centres

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-116
Author(s):  
Ahmad Hassan Ahmad ◽  
Muktar M. Koya
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
General Context ◽  
Healthcare Delivery System ◽  
Correctional Setting ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Correctional Healthcare

Corruption is a complex and multifaceted challenge of global concern. The correctional setting in Nigeria is not exempted from the more general context of this issue. Nigeria has a poorly structured service for correctional healthcare system driven by a collection of socioeconomic and legal factors especially corruption. One of the pressing challenges in Nigerian public health is to provide services to those who need them the most, particularly those behind bars and therefore hard to reach. Yet, it remains obvious that, a significant majority of those with health problems are incarcerated in the correctional centers of Nigeria. This study which is anchored on Economic Theory of Corruption examined corrupt practices associated with healthcare delivery in Kano Central and Goron Dutse Correctional Centers. The study utilized quantitative and qualitative methods in eliciting data from convicted and awaiting trial inmates and healthcare providers. Thus, a total of 350 inmates were sampled across convicts and awaiting trial inmates through the simple random sampling technique using Wiseman’s 1999 table of sample size. In addition, two respondents (healthcare officials) were purposively sampled for in-depth interview. The findings revealed some level of negation especially as it concerns referrals and the inmates’ treatment charges outside the correctional setting. The study recommends the need for complete overhaul of the correctional healthcare delivery system in line with recommended global best practices.

Knowledge and Communication of the National Core Standards Tool

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnie Thembisile Maphumulo ◽  
Busisiwe Bhengu
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Quality Of Healthcare ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Nurses

The National Department of Health in South Africa has introduced the National Core Standards (NCS) tool to improve the quality of healthcare delivery in all public healthcare institutions. Knowledge of the NCS tool is essential among healthcare providers. This study investigated the level of knowledge on NCS and how the NCS tool was communicated among professional nurses. This was a cross-sectional survey study. Purposive sampling technique was used to select hospitals that only offered tertiary services in KwaZulu-Natal. Six strata of departments were selected using simple stratified sampling. The population of professional nurses in the selected hospitals was 3 050. Systematic random sampling was used to recruit 543 participants. The collected data were analysed using SPSS version 25. The study showed that only 16 (3.7%) respondents had knowledge about NCS, using McDonald’s standard of learning outcome measured criteria regarding the NCS tool. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the communication and knowledge was r = 0.055. The results revealed that although the communication scores for the respondents were high their knowledge scores remained low. This study concluded that there is a lack of knowledge regarding the NCS tool and therefore healthcare institutions need to commit themselves to the training of professional nurses regarding the NCS tool. The findings suggest that healthcare institutions implement the allocation of incentives for nurses that attend the workshops for NCS.

How Research Will Adapt to HIPAA: A View from Within the Healthcare Delivery System

2002 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-502
Author(s):  
Mary L. Durham
Keyword(s):  
Health Information ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Personal Health Information ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Business Associations ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
Healthcare Delivery System ◽  
Institutional Review

While the new Health Insurance Privacy and Accountability Act (HIPAA) research rules governing privacy, confidentiality and personal health information will challenge the research and medical communities, history teaches us that the difficulty of this challenge pales in comparison to the potential harms that such regulations are designed to avoid. Although revised following broad commentary from researchers and healthcare providers around the country, the HIPAA privacy requirements will dramatically change the way healthcare researchers do their jobs in the United States. Given our reluctance to change, we risk overlooking potentially valid reasons why access to personal health information is restricted and regulated. In an environment of electronic information, public concern, genetic information and decline of public trust, regulations are ever-changing. Six categories of HIPAA requirements stand out as transformative: disclosure accounting/tracking, business associations, institutional review board (IRB) changes, minimum necessary requirements, data de-identification, and criminal and civil penalties.

scholarly journals Understanding patient health-seeking behaviour to optimise the uptake of cataract surgery in rural Kenya, Zambia and Uganda: findings from a multisite qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stevens Bechange ◽  
Emma Jolley ◽  
Patrick Tobi ◽  
Eunice Mailu ◽  
Juliet Sentongo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Healthcare Delivery System ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Rural Kenya ◽  
Rural Zambia

Abstract Background Cataract is a major cause of visual impairment globally, affecting 15.2 million people who are blind, and another 78.8 million who have moderate or severe visual impairment. This study was designed to explore factors that influence the uptake of surgery offered to patients with operable cataract in a free-of-charge, community-based eye health programme. Methods Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted with patients and healthcare providers in rural Zambia, Kenya and Uganda during 2018–2019. We identified participants using purposive sampling. Thematic analysis was conducted using a combination of an inductive and deductive team-based approach. Results Participants consisted of 131 healthcare providers and 294 patients. Two-thirds of patients had been operated on for cataract. Two major themes emerged: (1) surgery enablers, including a desire to regain control of their lives, the positive testimonies of others, family support, as well as free surgery, medication and food; and (2) barriers to surgery, including cultural and social factors, as well as the inadequacies of the healthcare delivery system. Conclusions Cultural, social and health system realities impact decisions made by patients about cataract surgery uptake. This study highlights the importance of demand segmentation and improving the quality of services, based on patients’ expectations and needs, as strategies for increasing cataract surgery uptake.

Hepatitis C elimination in Pakistan is a distant dream unless government controls the health sector

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Arshad Altaf ◽  
Safdar Kamal Pasha
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Short Report ◽  
Healthcare Delivery System ◽  
The Government

Abstract The World Health Organisation (WHO) has set an ambitious target to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) by 2030. Pakistan is one of the focused countries because of the high prevalence of HCV. The prices of direct-acting antiviral drugs(DAA)have significantly reduced to between 11-25 dollars for a month’s treatment. To achieve the 2030 elimination target, Pakistan has to provide treatment to one million HCV-infected patients every year, beginning from 2018. This short report highlights a key barrier to achieve this target,i.e. the unsafe practices by regulated and unregulated healthcare delivery system comprising trained and untrained healthcare providers who can continue to churn out new patients with their unsafe healthcare practices and increase the possibility of re-infection in those who have been treated. Only the government has the power and authority to regulate and control the healthcare delivery system. Continuous...  

scholarly journals Stakeholders' Perception of the Introduction of Specialized Hospitals for Urologic Diseases: Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-17
Author(s):  
Hye-Ran Jeong ◽  
Jee-Hee Pyo ◽  
Eun-Young Choi ◽  
Ju-Young Kim ◽  
Young-Kwon Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Healthcare Delivery System ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
Urologic Diseases ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Hospital Systems

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to seek in-depth perspectives of stakeholders on the necessity and specific criteria for designating a specialized hospital for urologic diseases.Methods: Eight participants experts in urology medicine and specialized hospital system were divided into four groups. Following the semi-structured guidelines, an in-depth interview was conducted twice and a focus group discussion was conducted three times. All the interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed.Results: The majority of participants predicted that there would be demand for specialized hospitals for urologic diseases. The criteria of designating a specialized hospital, such as the number of hospital beds and quality of health care, have to be modified in consideration of the specificity of urology. The introduction of a specialized hospital would improve the healthcare delivery system, positively affecting hospitals and patients. Furthermore, government support is essential for the maintenance of specialized hospital systems as urology hospitals experience difficulties in generating profits.Conclusion: This study is expected to be used as base data for introducing and operating a specialized hospital for urologic diseases. In addition, it is expected that the methodology and results of this study would encourage follow-up studies on specialized hospitals and provide guidelines to evaluate the effectiveness of such hospitals in other medical fields.

Developing a Charter of Spiritual Care for patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akram Heidari ◽  
Abdolhasan Kazemi ◽  
Mohammad Abbasi ◽  
Seyed Hasan Adeli ◽  
Hoda Ahmari-Tehran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Spiritual Care ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Spiritual Needs ◽  
Healthcare Delivery System

Abstract Background Spirituality is recognized as an important issue in healthcare, and every individual has spiritual needs. Despite increased knowledge about spiritual care and its necessity, there is no unique agreed upon framework for spiritual care among the practitioners. This study aimed to explore the concept from the viewpoint of both healthcare providers and patients within the Iranian social, cultural and overall context and present a charter for providing spiritual care. Methods The study consisted of a systematic literature review, two qualitative studies on the components of spiritual care from the perspective of healthcare providers and its dimensions as perceived by patients. The findings were then integrated to make up a charter draft that was accredited through expert opinion. Results The review of literatures led to the identification of 2 main themes and 10 themes. Perspectives of healthcare providers were categorized into 4 main themes and 10 themes and patients’ opinions were classified into 3 main themes and 11 themes. The themes and their subthemes were integrated to build the concepts and form the proposed charter with 30 statements. Conclusion The charter of spiritual care for patients is intended to present an agreed upon framework for spiritual care delivery and resolve some of the problems in this path. This can improve healthcare delivery system.

scholarly journals Spectrum, Pattern, and Clinical Outcomes of Adult Emergency Department Admissions in Selected Hospitals of Western Ethiopia: A Hospital-Based Prospective Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashenafi Habte Woyessa ◽  
Birhanu Yadecha Dibaba ◽  
Getahun Fetensa Hirko ◽  
Thanasekaran Palanichamy
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Healthcare Delivery System ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Western Ethiopia

Background. There has been a steady rise in the absolute number of emergency room admissions over the last few decades. The healthcare delivery system of a country is required to be adjusted to patterns of morbidity and mortality to mitigate the minimized prolonged ill health consequences and premature death of adults. The spectrum, patterns, morbidity, and mortality of health and health-related emergency conditions for which patients visit hospitals often reflect the magnitude of different health problems in a society. The objective of this study was therefore to assess the spectrum, pattern, characteristics, and clinical outcomes of emergency department admissions among adult people who visited EDs of the selected hospitals in western Ethiopia. Methodology. Hospital-based prospective cross-sectional study design was utilized. To select hospitals to be included in the study, the area sampling technique was used. Five administrative zones in west Oromia were selected as geographical clusters. Then, four hospitals were randomly selected from each zone. Finally, the consecutive sampling technique was utilized to recruit the study participants. Results. The mean age of the patients admitted to emergency departments (EDs) of the selected hospitals was 34.98 years. The male-to-female ratio of the respondents was nearly equal (1 : 1.04). While one-fourth (20.4%) of the patients arrived by ambulances (without identifying reason), 23.6% of them visited the emergency department as they had no other place to go. Medical emergencies (45.4%) were the leading types of emergencies followed by traumatic emergencies (27.3%). Respiratory distress (12.43%), extremity fractures (9.61%), and hypertensive disorders (8.6%) were among the top leading causes of adult ED admissions. Vital signs were deranged in about 59.4% of the cases. The most common type of immediately life-threatening problems identified on arrival was impairment of breathing (37%), followed by circulatory compromises (30%). Emergency department admission patterns were variable with peak admissions in the month of February and the lowest in November. The vast majority (90.9%) of emergency patients survived. While 8.5% of patients died of the various types of emergency conditions, the final clinical outcome was not identified in 1.5% of the patients. Conclusion. This study has showed mixed cases with varied patterns and outcomes of adult emergency department admissions. As overall there is a need to be alert during specific seasons, actions must be taken to improve the readiness of existing emergency room services. Furthermore, it is worthwhile to invest further on standardizing and organizing prehospital services at the community level.

scholarly journals Smoking behaviour among adult patients presenting to health facilities in four provinces of Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Chun Huang ◽  
Ngoc Yen Pham ◽  
Thu Anh Nguyen ◽  
Van Giap Vu ◽  
Quy Chau Ngo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Healthcare Delivery System ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
Quit Attempts

Abstract Background Attendance at healthcare facilities provides an opportunity for smoking cessation interventions. However, the smoking behaviours of patients seeking healthcare in Vietnam are not well-understood. We aimed to evaluate behaviours related to smoking among patients presenting to health facilities in Vietnam. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in 4 provinces of Vietnam. Consecutive patients aged ≥15 years presenting to 46 health facilities were assessed. Current smokers were randomly selected to complete a full survey about smoking behaviour, quit attempts, and preparedness to quit. Results Among 11,245 patients who sought healthcare, the prevalence of current smoking was 18.6% (95% CI: 17.8–19.4%) overall, 34.6% (95% CI: 33.2–36.0%) among men and 1.1% (95% CI: 0.8–1.3%) among women. Current smokers who were asked about smoking by healthcare providers in the last 12 months were more likely to make quit attempts than those not asked (40.6% vs 31.8%, p = 0.017). Current smokers who attempted to quit in the past 12 months made limited use of cessation aids: counselling (1.9%) and nicotine replacement therapy (10%). A higher proportion of patients wanted to quit in the next month at national/provincial hospitals (30.3%) than those visiting district hospitals (11.3%, p < 0.001) and commune health centres (11.1%, p = 0.004). Conclusions Smoking is common among male patients presenting to healthcare facilities in Vietnam. Formal smoking cessation supports are generally not used or offered. This population is likely to benefit from routine smoking cessation interventions that are integrated within the routine healthcare delivery system.

PATIENT SATISFACTION WITH HEALTHCARE SERVICES: A CRITICAL REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 81-97
Author(s):  
Sibel ORHAN ◽  
Muhammet GÜMÜŞ ◽  
Emine KIZILKAYA ◽  
Ayşenur C EYLAN
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Healthcare Delivery System ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Satisfaction Measures

As healthcare systems move from pay-per-service to alternative payment models and consumers gain access to more healthcare options, patient satisfaction becomes increasingly important to the financial performance of healthcare providers and to patient health. In this context, patient satisfaction is a complex structure. A critical review of articles published in the Quality Management Journal (QMJ) on patient satisfaction is included to assist researchers and general practitioners. Researchers use the basic holistic quality framework as a preliminary step to evaluate the contributions and shortcomings of studies. In previous studies, it was concluded that the QMJ research focused on patient satisfaction from the perspective of the healthcare delivery system. However, the following criteria are less frequently mentioned: First; to understand patients' perceptions of their experiences and how these perceptions affect satisfaction and perceived quality. The second one is; to determine the expectations of the patients regarding what features should be provided during healthcare services. In this study, first of all, studies in the literature on the subject have been reached, and the findings of the research have been compiled and made into a report. The details of the studies carried out for patient satisfaction measurements and quality practices are tabulated. In this table created for the study, the name of the study, the names of the authors, the type of the study, the problem of the study, the number of participants in the study, the purpose of the study, the analyzes made in the study, where the study was applied, the findings obtained from the study and the results to be obtained from the study are included. As a result, widely used satisfaction measures, including consumer evaluation surveys of healthcare providers and healthcare systems, have fallen short. The study review is expected to guide researchers in developing further research agendas to understand patient satisfaction.

scholarly journals The Perception of Dental Practitioners on Laboratory Management for Effective Dental Health Care Delivery: A Case Study of Some Selected Dental Laboratories in Lagos State, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Christian Ugwuda ◽  
Adegbite A Ayoade
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Healthcare Delivery System ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
The Government

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the management of dental laboratory as it significantly affects effective handling of dental problems among dental patients visiting Dental Hospitals/Centres and consequently for effective dental healthcare delivery system in Lagos State as a case study. Methodology: One hundred (100) dental professionals working in the selected twenty (20) dental hospital/centres across the study area were selected surveyed through a purposive sampling technique. The research instruments used for study were self-opinionated questionnaires and Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threat SWOT analysis. Finding: The results showed that state of the laboratories need to be improved in order to meet current global standards of digital state of equipments, then management of the laboratory with the perception of the staff influence the quality of dental care services given to the patients. The SWOT analysis indicated that opportunities within the profession is the adequacy of training and professionalism, while danger of quack workers, obsolete equipment, erratic power supply to run the equipment and lack of government enabling environment are threat and weakness that affect the dental laboratory activities. The study concluded that state of dental laboratory still need more improvement with the use of modern and digital equipments, and the workers re-training are the strengths and opportunities .Therefore, there is need for workshop, conferences and to educate the professional on the latest equipment in the markets on a global level. Then, the Government should embark on infrastructural development of the existing governmental dental facilities and encourage the private ones.  

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