scholarly journals A VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA E FAMILIAR CONTRA A MULHER NEGRA E NÃO-BRANCA:

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-129
Author(s):  
JOSÉ ROBERTO SOUZA FERREIRA ◽  
MARIA DE FÁTIMA DE ANDRADE FERREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Family Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
White Women ◽  
Graduate Program ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Male Domination

RESUMO   O presente artigo é um recorte da pesquisa de mestrado acadêmico do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Relações Étnicas e Contemporaneidade (PPGREC/UESB), em andamento, sobre a “Atuação da rede de proteção e combate à violência intrafamiliar contra mulheres negras e não-brancas: um estudo descritivo em Vitória da Conquista – BA”. Neste recorte apresentamos uma discussão teórica sobre a evolução das leis no que se refere ao combate à violência familiar contra a mulher, especialmente a mulher negra e a influência patriarcal no modelo de sociedade brasileira, desenhada pela desigualdade, racismo, machismo, autoritarismo, misoginia e discriminação racial, que reforça a prática da violência familiar contra mulheres. Além disso, trata brevemente do percurso das leis direcionadas ao combate à violência contra a mulher e da atualização jurídica que tipificou a violência psicológica sofrida por mulheres como crime previsto no art. 147-B, do Código Penal. Para tanto, recorremos a autores como Saffioti (2011, 2001) que apresenta estudos de violência de gênero, patriarcado e violência contra mulher, Bourdieu (2002; 2001) que apresenta violência simbólica e dominação masculina e o racismo estrutural com Almeida (2019). É possível, portanto, considerar que essa morosidade jurídica é decorrente de um sistema patriarcal pulsante que coloca o direito à vida da mulher em segundo plano. Afinal, o tratamento igualitário quebraria o ciclo de dominação masculina existente, mesmo a Constituição Federal de 1988 garantindo a igualdade entre homem e mulher, sem qualquer distinção.   Palavras-Chave: Sociedade patriarcal. Mulheres negras e não-brancas. Violência contra a mulher. Racismo.   Abstract   This article is the result of an in-depth study of society and especially the evolution of laws regarding the fight against family violence against women, especially black women. This is an excerpt from the academic master's research of the Graduate Program in Ethnic Relations and Contemporary (PPGREC/UESB) in progress, on the “Action of the network to protect and combat intra-family violence against black and non-white women: a descriptive study in Vitória da Conquista – BA”. The study presents a theoretical discussion permeating the patriarchal influence in the model of Brazilian society, designed by inequality and racial discrimination that reinforces the practice of family violence against women. It is up to the study to take a tour of the laws aimed at combating violence against women, in addition to addressing the legal update that typified psychological violence suffered by women as a crime provided for in art. 147-B, of the Criminal Code. Therefore, it was necessary to resort to authors such as Saffioti (2011, 2001) who presents studies on gender violence, patriarchy and violence against women, Bourdieu (2002; 2001) who presents symbolic violence and male domination, and structural racism with Silvio de Almeida (2019). It is possible, therefore, to consider that this legal delay is the result of a pulsating patriarchal system that places the woman's right to life in the background. After all, equal treatment would break the existing cycle of male domination, even the Federal Constitution of 1988 guaranteeing equality between men and women, without any distinction. Keywords: Patriarchal society. Black women. Violence. Racism.

scholarly journals A IMPORTÂNCIA DO TRABALHO VOLTADO AOS HOMENS AUTORES DE VIOLÊNCIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 136-151
Author(s):  
Nathália Germiniani Silva Vicentini
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Family Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Women Authors ◽  
Concrete Experience ◽  
Reflective Group

Resumo O presente artigo discorre sobre a importância do trabalho com os homens autores de violência contra a mulher previstos na Lei Maria da Penha, abordando a experiência concreta de um dos serviços pioneiros do estado de São Paulo a partir de uma pesquisa e análise de cunho qualitativo. Palavras-chave: Grupo Reflexivo. Violência de Gênero. Violência Doméstica e Familiar Contra Mulher. Autores de Violência.   Abstract This article discusses the importance of working with men who commit violence against women provided for in the Maria da Penha Law, addressing the concrete experience of one of the pioneering services in the state of São Paulo based on a qualitative research and analysis. Keywords: Reflective Group. Gender Violence. Domestic and Family Violence Against Women. Authors of Violence.

scholarly journals Is there race/color differential on femicide in Brazil? The inequality of mortality rates for violent causes among white and black women

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-366
Author(s):  
Mario Francisco Giani Monteiro ◽  
Jackeline Aparecida Ferreira Romio ◽  
Jefferson Drezett
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
White Women ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Health Council

Introduction: Femicide is considered the extreme expression of gender violence. The Brazilian scenario points to a complex public health problem, with evidence of a more severe social phenomenon for black women. Objective: To compare mortality rates due to violent causes in white and black women. Methods: Ecological study of temporal series with secondary data obtained from the Mortality Information System of DATASUS. We estimated the mortality rate from 2016-2018 about suicides, aggressions, and undetermined death by violence in the range of ages 15-29 and 30-59 years among white and non-white women. Femicide cases were compared using firearms or other means. Statistical analysis employed the chi-square test, with a significance level of p<0.05, Confidence Interval of 95%. According to resolution 510/2016 of the National Health Council, the study is exempted from Research Ethics Committee´s evaluation. Results: Between 15 and 29 years, the mortality rate due to aggression was higher for black, 10.5/100,000, than for white women, 4.9/100,000. The same occurred between 30 and 59 years, with 12.5/100,000 deaths among black and 5.9/100,000 deaths among white women. Suicide rates were lower for black than for white women aged 15 to 29 years (1.2/100,000 versus 2.8/100,000) and between 30-59 years (2.0/100,000 versus 5.2/100,000). Among non-white women, the use of firearms was higher and, among white women, hanging was used the most. Conclusion: Violent deaths of women by aggression affect more forcefully Brazilian black women, regardless of age. Firearms remain the aggressor's main resource for practicing femicide, especially against non-white women.

scholarly journals Violence against women. HUILA, 2013 - 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
Eduardo Mahecha Reyes ◽  
Lorena Alexandra Botero Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Public Health Surveillance ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Surveillance System ◽  
Observational Descriptive Study

Objective: Violence Against Women (sociodemographic variables of the victim, type of violence and characteristics of the aggressor), reported to the public health surveillance system (SIVIGILA) in the department of Huila, during the period 2013-2018. Methodology: an observational, descriptive study was carried out, taking the data collected through the XLS files for notification of the "Gender Violence" event, reported to SIVIGILA. During the period under investigation. Results: Non-sexual violence is the form of violence to which women are most exposed, with 76.81% of cases, being more than 3 times greater than the form of sexual violence. Women are more likely to endure physical violence, 8,432 cases and psychological violence, 4,006 cases. In 80.26% of cases of gender violence against women, the aggressor is a man, and it is probable that the victim has some kind of family relationship with the aggressor; possibly being his partner, 7,137 cases or ex-partner, 3,264 cases. Conclusion: in the department of Huila, women between 10 to 39 years old are more likely to suffer physical, sexual and psychological violence; men being the main aggressors and in most cases the sentimental partners of the victims. The most used mechanisms to inflict damage by the aggressors are short-blunt and sharp objects.

scholarly journals Overview on Physical Violence Against Women Between 2009 and 2018 in Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
White Women ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Bibliographic Reference ◽  
Data Basis

Objectives: To determine the existence of a pattern of women most frequently victims of physical violence in Brazil over a period of 10 years. Methods: Data from the DATASUS platform were collected on the records of domestic, sexual and other violence, registered by physical violence against female persons between 2009 and 2018. Data from the Violence and Accident Surveillance System on characteristics of the violent act against women were also collected. The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics was also used to collect data from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD). For bibliographic reference, the descriptors “Domestic and Sexual Violence against Women”, “Domestic Violence” and “Domestic Violence” were searched on virtual data basis and Brazilian articles that were published within the period of the present study were included. Results: There is a continuous and rapid increase in the first half of the study period, with a slight deceleration between 2014 and 2016, followed by a new jump in records from 2017. As for race, the largest numbers are white women, 348428, and browns, 308902. Black women represent 68.25% of the total records of domestic, sexual and other violence, with 8.3% of the total records of physical violence. Conclusion: It is possible to estimate that black women are not making complaints or possibly are not being seen with due care to make them. As it is data that depends on denunciation, which is often not carried out, the results need consideration regarding assertiveness and reflection of reality.

Ethnic Differences in Self-Poisoning Across South London

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-272
Author(s):  
Sean Cross ◽  
Dinesh Bhugra ◽  
Paul I. Dargan ◽  
David M. Wood ◽  
Shaun L. Greene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
White Women ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Managing Risk ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Minority Ethnic

Background: Self-poisoning (overdose) is the commonest form of self-harm cases presenting to acute secondary care services in the UK, where there has been limited investigation of self-harm in black and minority ethnic communities. London has the UK’s most ethnically diverse areas but presents challenges in resident-based data collection due to the large number of hospitals. Aims: To investigate the rates and characteristics of self-poisoning presentations in two central London boroughs. Method: All incident cases of self-poisoning presentations of residents of Lambeth and Southwark were identified over a 12-month period through comprehensive acute and mental health trust data collection systems at multiple hospitals. Analysis was done using STATA 12.1. Results: A rate of 121.4/100,000 was recorded across a population of more than half a million residents. Women exceeded men in all measured ethnic groups. Black women presented 1.5 times more than white women. Gender ratios within ethnicities were marked. Among those aged younger than 24 years, black women were almost 7 times more likely to present than black men were. Conclusion: Self-poisoning is the commonest form of self-harm presentation to UK hospitals but population-based rates are rare. These results have implications for formulating and managing risk in clinical services for both minority ethnic women and men.

Race, Gender, and Perceived Employment Discrimination

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 509-527
Author(s):  
Philip Q. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
White Women ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Employment Discrimination ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Job Discrimination ◽  
And Gender

This study investigates the effects of race and gender on perceived employment discrimination using the 2016 General Social Survey that provides new data on perceived employment discrimination that aligns more closely with the legal definition of employment discrimination. It is found that 19% of the American adults self-reported the experience of employment discrimination in job application, pay increase, or promotion in the past 5 years. The results of logistic regression analysis show that either controlling or not controlling for other factors, Blacks were much more likely to perceive being discriminated in employment than Whites, but other races were not significantly different from Whites in perceived employment discrimination after holding other variables constant. While gender did not have a significant independent effect on perceived job discrimination, it did interact with race to influence perceived job discrimination. Regardless of race, women were somewhat less likely than men to perceive job discrimination, but Black women were significantly even less likely than White women to self-report job discrimination, and Black men were much more likely to self-report employment discrimination than White men. These findings have implications for combating employment discrimination and addressing social inequalities.

Racial Disparities in Pregnancy-associated Intimate Partner Homicide

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052199083
Author(s):  
Aaron J. Kivisto ◽  
Samantha Mills ◽  
Lisa S. Elwood
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
White Women ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Intimate Partner Homicide ◽  
Homicide Victimization ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Pregnancy-associated femicide accounts for a mortality burden at least as high as any of the leading specific obstetric causes of maternal mortality, and intimate partners are the most common perpetrators of these homicides. This study examined pregnancy-associated and non-pregnancy-associated intimate partner homicide (IPH) victimization among racial/ethnic minority women relative to their non-minority counterparts using several sources of state-level data from 2003 through 2017. Data regarding partner homicide victimization came from the National Violent Death Reporting System, natality data were obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Health Statistics, and relevant sociodemographic information was obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau. Findings indicated that pregnancy and racial/ethnic minority status were each associated with increased risk for partner homicide victimization. Although rates of non-pregnancy-associated IPH victimization were similar between Black and White women, significant differences emerged when limited to pregnancy-associated IPH such that Black women evidenced pregnancy-associated IPH rates more than threefold higher than that observed among White and Hispanic women. Relatedly, the largest intraracial discrepancies between pregnant and non-pregnant women emerged among Black women, who experienced pregnancy-associated IPH victimization at a rate 8.1 times greater than their non-pregnant peers. These findings indicate that the racial disparities in IPH victimization in the United States observed in prior research might be driven primarily by the pronounced differences among the pregnant subset of these populations.

Discordance Between Perinatal Alcohol Use Among Women and Provider Counseling for Alcohol Use: An Assessment of the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System

2021 ◽  
pp. 003335492098414
Author(s):  
Erika L. Thompson ◽  
Tracey E. Barnett ◽  
Dana M. Litt ◽  
Erica C. Spears ◽  
Melissa A. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Universal Screening ◽  
White Women ◽  
Hispanic Women ◽  
Pregnancy Risk ◽  
Health Insurance Status ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Use ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Counseling

Objective In the United States, guidelines indicate all pregnant women should be screened for and counseled on alcohol use to prevent adverse perinatal outcomes due to alcohol consumption. The objective of this study was to describe sociodemographic factors associated with receipt of prenatal alcohol counseling and perinatal alcohol use among US women. Methods State health departments collected data for the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System Phase 7 during 2012-2015, and we restricted the sample to a complete case analysis (N = 135 111). The 3 dichotomous outcomes were preconception alcohol use (3 months before pregnancy), prenatal alcohol use (during last 3 months of pregnancy), and prenatal alcohol counseling. Predictor variables were age, race, Hispanic ethnicity, education, marital status, health insurance status, and previous live births. We estimated survey-weighted logistic regression models for each outcome. Results Half (56.0%) of pregnant women reported preconception alcohol use, 70.5% received prenatal alcohol counseling, and 7.7% reported prenatal alcohol use during the last 3 months of pregnancy. Black women were significantly less likely than White women (odds ratio [OR] = 0.49; 95% CI, 0.46-0.52) and Hispanic women were significantly less likely than non-Hispanic women (OR = 0.62; 95% CI, 0.58-0.66) to report preconception alcohol use. We found similar patterns for prenatal alcohol use among Black women. Black women were significantly more likely than White women (OR = 1.66; 95% CI, 1.55-1.77) and Hispanic women were significantly more likely than non-Hispanic women (OR = 1.51; 95% CI, 1.40-1.61) to receive prenatal alcohol counseling. We found similar patterns for age, education, and health insurance status. Conclusion Disparities in alcohol counseling occurred despite the national recommendation for universal screening and counseling prenatally. Continued integration of universal screening for alcohol use during pregnancy is needed.

scholarly journals The Gender Violence - Implicit Association Test to measure attitudes toward intimate partner violence against women

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria A. Ferrer-Perez ◽  
Andrés Sánchez-Prada ◽  
Carmen Delgado-Álvarez ◽  
Esperanza Bosch-Fiol
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Implicit Measurement ◽  
Partner Violence Against Women

Abstract Attitudes play a central role in intimate partner violence against women and are related to its origin, to the responses of women who suffer violence, and to the settings where it occurs. In fact, these attitudes are recognized as one of the risk factors linked to violent perpetration and to public, professional, and victim responses to this type of violence. However, even though available research generally shows a broad rejection of this violence, it remains a serious social and health problem that has reached epidemic proportions. This suggests that the information available about these attitudes (obtained through explicit and direct measures, i.e., self-reports) may be distorted or influenced by factors such as social desirability. In this context, the overall objective of our research project is to provide multi-method measures (explicit and implicit) of attitudes toward intimate partner violence against women, and the main goal of this paper is to propose an instrument for the implicit measurement of these attitudes. In this regard, the Implicit Association Test (IAT) is the most common procedure used, providing a superior predictive validity compared to explicit measures for socially sensitive topics. We will present an exploratory study that describes its adaptation for our purposes, and the development of the Gender Violence - Implicit Association Test (GV-IAT) to use among Spanish-speaking populations, and discuss the strengths and limitations of this proposal.

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