scholarly journals Model Predictive Controller Utilized as an Observer for Inter-Turn Short Circuit Detection in Induction Machines - Preprint Version

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
İlker Şahin ◽  
Ozan Keysan
Keyword(s):  
Short Circuit ◽  
Induction Machine ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Induction Machines ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Finite Control ◽  
Predictive Controller ◽  
Stator Fault

<p>In this paper, a novel and non-invasive stator inter-turn short circuit (ITSC) online detection method is presented for an induction machine (IM), driven by a two-level voltage source inverter (2L-VSI) via finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC). The main idea of the proposed method is to utilize the controller itself as an observer: under the presence of a fault, the distribution of inverter switching states significantly deviates from the original balanced case. Therefore, by inspecting the inverter switching vectors, which are the outcomes of the FCS-MPC routine's online optimization procedure, a stator fault can be detected efficiently. It is observed that both the zero-vector allocation over the complex plane and the allocation among the active vectors are influenced by the presence of a stator short-circuit fault. The proposed fault detection strategy introduces little to no extra burden for processor and memory. Experimental results verify the proposed method, and inter-turn short circuits of two and three turns are confidently detected and located for a 500 W, two-pole IM.</p>

scholarly journals Model Predictive Controller Utilized as an Observer for Inter-Turn Short Circuit Detection in Induction Machines - Preprint Version

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
İlker Şahin ◽  
Ozan Keysan
Keyword(s):  
Short Circuit ◽  
Induction Machine ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Induction Machines ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Finite Control ◽  
Predictive Controller ◽  
Stator Fault

<p>In this paper, a novel and non-invasive stator inter-turn short circuit (ITSC) online detection method is presented for an induction machine (IM), driven by a two-level voltage source inverter (2L-VSI) via finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC). The main idea of the proposed method is to utilize the controller itself as an observer: under the presence of a fault, the distribution of inverter switching states significantly deviates from the original balanced case. Therefore, by inspecting the inverter switching vectors, which are the outcomes of the FCS-MPC routine's online optimization procedure, a stator fault can be detected efficiently. It is observed that both the zero-vector allocation over the complex plane and the allocation among the active vectors are influenced by the presence of a stator short-circuit fault. The proposed fault detection strategy introduces little to no extra burden for processor and memory. Experimental results verify the proposed method, and inter-turn short circuits of two and three turns are confidently detected and located for a 500 W, two-pole IM.</p>

scholarly journals Modeling and Evaluation of Stator and Rotor Faults for Induction Motors

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Tang ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Kan Dong ◽  
Yongheng Yang ◽  
Haichen Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Circuit ◽  
Induction Machine ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Discrete Models ◽  
Digital Implementation ◽  
Rotor Faults ◽  
Fault Severity ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Stator Fault ◽  
Circuit Resistance

The modeling of stator and rotor faults is the basis of the development of online monitoring techniques. To obtain reliable stator and rotor fault models, this paper focuses on dynamic modeling of the stator and rotor faults in real-time, which adopts a multiple-coupled-circuit method by using a winding function approach for inductance calculation. Firstly, the model of the induction machine with a healthy cage is introduced, where a rotor mesh that consists of a few rotor loops and an end ring loop is considered. Then, the stator inter-turn fault model is presented by adding an extra branch with short circuit resistance on the fault part of a stator phase winding. The broken rotor bar fault is then detailed by merging and removing the broken-bar-related loops. Finally, the discrete models under healthy and faulty conditions are developed by using the Tustin transformation for digital implementation. Moreover, the stator and rotor mutual inductances are derived as a function of the rotor position according to the turn and winding functions distribution. Simulations and experiments are performed on a 2.2-kW/380-V/50-Hz three-phase and four-pole induction motor to show the performance of the stator and rotor faults, where the saturation effect is considered in simulations by exploiting the measurements of a no load test. The simulation results are in close agreement with the experimental results. Furthermore, magnitudes of the characteristic frequencies of 2f1 in torque and (1 ± 2s)f1 in current are analyzed to evaluate the stator and rotor fault severity. Both indicate that the stator fault severity is related to the short circuit resistance. Further, the number of shorted turns and the number of continuous broken bars determines the rotor fault severity.

scholarly journals Short Circuit and Broken Rotor Faults Severity Discrimination in Induction Machines Using Non-invasive Optical Fiber Technology

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 577
Author(s):  
Belema P. Alalibo ◽  
Bing Ji ◽  
Wenping Cao
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Induction Machines ◽  
Electric Machines ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fiber Technology

Multiple techniques continue to be simultaneously utilized in the condition monitoring and fault detection of electric machines, as there is still no single technique that provides an all-round solution to fault finding in these machines. Having various machine fault-detection techniques is useful in allowing the ability to combine two or more in a manner that will provide a more comprehensive application-dependent condition-monitoring solution; especially, given the increasing role these machines are expected to play in man’s transition to a more sustainable environment, where many more electric machines will be required. This paper presents a novel non-invasive optical fiber using a stray flux technique for the condition monitoring and fault detection of induction machines. A giant magnetostrictive transducer, made of terfenol-D, was bonded onto a fiber Bragg grating, to form a composite FBG-T sensor, which utilizes the machines’ stray flux to determine the internal condition of the machine. Three machine conditions were investigated: healthy, broken rotor, and short circuit inter-turn fault. A tri-axial auto-data-logging flux meter was used to obtain stray magnetic flux measurements, and the numerical results obtained with LabView were analyzed in MATLAB. The optimal positioning and sensitivity of the FBG-T sensor were found to be transverse and 19.3810 pm/μT, respectively. The experimental results showed that the FBG-T sensor accurately distinguished each of the three machine conditions using a different order of magnitude of Bragg wavelength shifts, with the most severe fault reaching wavelength shifts of hundreds of picometres (pm) compared to the healthy and broken rotor conditions, which were in the low-to-mid-hundred and high-hundred picometre (pm) range, respectively. A fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis, performed on the measured stray flux, revealed that the spectral content of the stray flux affected the magnetostrictive behavior of the magnetic dipoles of the terfenol-D transducer, which translated into strain on the fiber gratings.

WAVELET ANALYSIS FOR STATOR FAULT DETECTION IN INDUCTION MACHINES

2011 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 361-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANTIAGO J. GIACCONE ◽  
GUILLERMO R. BOSSIO ◽  
GUILLERMO O. GARCÍA ◽  
JORGE A. SOLSONA
Keyword(s):  
Induction Machine ◽  
Vector Current ◽  
Induction Machines ◽  
Sampling Frequency ◽  
Decomposition Level ◽  
Load Variations ◽  
Stator Windings ◽  
Fault Indicator ◽  
Short Circuits ◽  
Stator Fault

The main objective of the proposed analysis is the detection of inter-turn short circuits in the stator windings of an induction machine. The analysis of the space vector current modulus of an induction motor is presented in this paper. This analysis is based on Daubechies 8 wavelet with seven decomposition levels. The 5th decomposition-level detail signal for a 4 kHz sampling frequency is chosen as a fault indicator, based on simulation results that show different behaviors of the energy contained in the detail signals independent of the percentage of load and fault levels. Experimental results that validate the proposed strategy are also presented. These results also show that the strategy is in addition immune to load variations as well as to feeding voltage unbalances.

scholarly journals Stray Flux Multi-Sensor for Stator Fault Detection in Synchronous Machines

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 2313
Author(s):  
Miftah Irhoumah ◽  
Remus Pusca ◽  
Eric Lefèvre ◽  
David Mercier ◽  
Raphael Romary
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Belief Function ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Healthy State ◽  
Stator Fault

The aim of this paper is to detect a stator inter-turn short circuit in a synchronous machine through the analysis of the external magnetic field measured by external flux sensors. The paper exploits a methodology previously developed, based on the analysis of the behavior with load variation of sensitive spectral lines issued from two flux sensors positioned at 180° from each other around the machine. Further developments to improve this method were made, in which more than two flux sensors were used to keep a good sensitivity for stator fault detection. The method is based on the Pearson correlation coefficient calculated from sensitive spectral lines at different load operating conditions. Fusion information with belief function is then applied to the correlation coefficients, which enable the detection of an incipient fault in any phase of the machine. The method has the advantage to be fully non-invasive and does not require knowledge of the healthy state.

scholarly journals Continuous Control Set Predictive Current Control for Induction Machine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 6230
Author(s):  
Toni Varga ◽  
Tin Benšić ◽  
Vedrana Jerković Štil ◽  
Marinko Barukčić
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Induction Machine ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Continuous Control ◽  
Loop Model ◽  
Voltage Reference ◽  
Control Loop ◽  
Speed Tracking ◽  
Finite Control ◽  
Control Set

A speed tracking control method for induction machine is shown in this paper. The method consists of outer speed control loop and inner current control loop. Model predictive current control method without the need for calculation of the weighing factors is utilized for the inner control loop, which generates a continuous set of voltage reference values that can be modulated and applied by the inverter to the induction machine. Interesting parallels are drawn between the developed method and state feedback principles that helped with the analysis of the stability and controllability. Simple speed and rotor flux estimator is implemented that helps achieve sensorless control. Simulation is conducted and the method shows great performance for speed tracking in a steady state, and during transients as well. Additionally, compared to the finite control set predictive current control, it shows less harmonic content in the generated torque on the rotor shaft.

scholarly journals Increasing Electric Vehicles Reliability by Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Motor Winding Faults

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2510
Author(s):  
Konrad Górny ◽  
Piotr Kuwałek ◽  
Wojciech Pietrowski
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Induction Motors ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Damage Classification ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Signal Features ◽  
Empirical Wavelet Transform ◽  
Simulation Results

The article proposes a proprietary approach to the diagnosis of induction motors allowing increasing the reliability of electric vehicles. This approach makes it possible to detect damage in the form of an inter-turn short-circuit at an early stage of its occurrence. The authors of the article describe an effective diagnostic method using the extraction of diagnostic signal features using an Enhanced Empirical Wavelet Transform and an algorithm based on the method of Ensemble Bagged Trees. The article describes in detail the methodology of the carried out research, presents the method of extracting features from the diagnostic signal and describes the conclusions resulting from the research. Phase current waveforms obtained from a real object as well as simulation results based on the field-circuit model of an induction motor were used as a diagnostic signal in the research. In order to determine the accuracy of the damage classification, simple metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, selectivity, precision as well as complex metrics weight F1 and macro F1 were used.

scholarly journals Break-before-Make CMOS Inverter for Power-Efficient Delay Implementation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janez Puhan ◽  
Dušan Raič ◽  
Tadej Tuma ◽  
Árpád Bűrmen
Keyword(s):  
Short Circuit ◽  
Energy Charge ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Delay Element ◽  
Cmos Inverter ◽  
Power Efficient ◽  
In Series ◽  
Detector Cell

A modified static CMOS inverter with two inputs and two outputs is proposed to reduce short-circuit current in order to increment delay and reduce power overhead where slow operation is required. The circuit is based on bidirectional delay element connected in series with the PMOS and NMOS switching transistors. It provides differences in the dynamic response so that the direct-path current in the next stage is reduced. The switching transistors are never ON at the same time. Characteristics of various delay element implementations are presented and verified by circuit simulations. Global optimization procedure is used to obtain the most power-efficient transistor sizing. The performance of the modified CMOS inverter chain is compared to standard implementation for various delays. The energy (charge) per delay is reduced up to 40%. The use of the proposed delay element is demonstrated by implementing a low-power delay line and a leading-edge detector cell.

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