scholarly journals Genetic diversity and trait profiles of some Amaranthus genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-284
Author(s):  
Oyeboade Adebiyi Oyetunde ◽  
Muyideen Oluseyi Olayiwola ◽  
Beatrice Toyin Osho
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Trait Variation ◽  
Yield Trait ◽  
Principal Component Analyses ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Knowledge of the pattern of trait variation among accessions, and the trait profiles of the accessions is crucial for improvement of a crop. Twenty-one Amaranthus accessions were evaluated in 2018 and 2019 to investigate the extent of genotypic diversity among the amaranth accessions and their trait profiles. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and correlation and principal component analyses. Taking stem weight (SWT) as the yield, the accession × yield-trait combination (GYT) biplot was employed to investigate the trait profiles of the accessions. Accession, year, and accession × year mean squares were significant (P≤0.05/0.01) for most of the measured traits. The first three principal components explained 88.18% of observable variation among the accessions and identified plant height (PHT), number of leaves per plant (NOL), and root weight (RWT) as the major contributors. Significant (P≤0.01) correlation was observed in the association of SWT with NOL, TBM, and RWT. Accessions NGB00019 and NGB00061 were associated with the sector containing all the YT combinations considered. However, NGB00019 was identified as the best combiner of yield with other traits. Further studies involving more traits should determine the trait profiles of the remaining accessions.

scholarly journals Analyses of variability, euclidean clustering and principal components for genetic diversity of eight Tossa Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mia Mukul ◽  
Nargis Akter ◽  
Md. Golam Mostofa ◽  
Md. Sohanur Rahman ◽  
Md. Al-Emran Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Fibre Yield

An investigation was done to assess the genetic variability, character associations, and genetic diversity of eight jute genotypes for seven morphological traits in a randomised complete block design at Bangladesh Jute Research Institute during 15 March, 2018 to 31 December, 2019. Analyses results revealed significant differences (P<0.01) among all genotypes for studied traits indicating the presence of variability. All the lines performed better than one control (JRO-524), and the line (O-0412-9-4) provided good results for desired traits than all controls. Jute fibre yield showed the highest broad sense heritability (98.54%). The studied jute morphological traits i.e. Plant population, the plant height, green weight, dry fibre yield and dry stick yield gave high heritability along with high genotypic and phenotypic variances, genetic advances in percent of the mean, highly significant and positive correlations. It indicates the possibility of crop improvement through phenotypic selection and maximum genetic gain, simultaneously at the genotypic-phenotypic level. Clustering analysis grouped all genotypes into three distinct clusters. The cluster II showed the highest mean values for all traits followed by cluster I and III. The first two principal components with higher Eigen values (>1.0) accounted for 90.88% of the total variation in the principal component analysis. PCA and cluster analyses indicated that the advanced breeding line O-0412-9-4 made its individual cluster II with higher inter-cluster distance and higher fibre yield (3.12 t ha-1). The investigation was done to select the genotype(s) with good fibre yield and distinct features in respect of developing high yielding Tossa jute variety for cultivation in the farmers’ field. This genotype O-0412-9-4 was selected based on higher plant height, base diameter, fibre yield content. It will be developed as a high yielding variety considering its’ higher genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, significant associations for desirable characters.

scholarly journals Adaçayı ve Dağ Çayında Tuz Stresi Üzerine Selenyum Uygulamalarının Etkileri

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (sp2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Mahmut Çamlıca ◽  
Gülsüm Yaldız ◽  
Ferit Özen ◽  
Abdurrahman Başol ◽  
Halit Aşkın
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Fresh Leaf ◽  
Leaf Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Number Of Branches ◽  
Fresh Root

Sage and mountain sage belong to Lamiaceae family which have commercial importance from medicinal and aromatic plants in Turkey. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different doses of selenium in salinity conditions on the morphological characteristics of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) and mountain tea (Sideritis sp.). Four different doses of selenium (5, 10, 20, 40 mg/l) were applied in without salinity (0) and salinity (250 mM NaCl/l) medium. The experiment was carried out in the split plot design with three replications in the climate chamber room of the department of field crops. When the examined properties were evaluated; plant height changed between 15.56-23.85 cm, number of branches 10.50-12.78 number/plant, number of leaves 52.78-92.00 number/plant, fresh leaf weight 2.48-7.51 g/plant, dry leaf weight 0.48-3.32 g/plant, fresh root weight 1.52-7.16 g/plant, dry root weight 0.19-1.24 g/plant, root length 26.18-36.07 cm, fresh shoot weight of 1.13-7.15 g/plant and dry shoot weight 0.13-0.38 g/plant. In mountain tea, the properties were determined for plant height as 3.26-5.93 cm, for number of branches as 2.50-6.33 number/plant, for number of leaves as 28.22-91.14 number/plant, for fresh and dry leaf weights as 2.42-11,03 and 0.45-1.91 g/plant, for fresh and dry root weights as 0.71-3.97 and 0.18-0.74 g/plant, for root length as 14.78-33.26 cm, for fresh and dry shoot weights as 0.29-2.28 and 0.12-0.41 g/plant were determined. As a result of this study, 5 mg/l selenium application in salinity conditions in both plants has reached high values in terms of fresh leaf weights. In addition to this, it was found that selenium applications in salinity conditions had positive effects on dry leaf weight in sage and fresh root and fresh shoot weights in mountain tea. As a result of correlation analysis, positive correlations were found between dry leaf weight and other characteristics especially in mountain tea in terms of traits examined in both plants.

scholarly journals Morphophysiological Traits as Indicators of Genetic Diversity in Brazilian Populations of Jatropha curcas L. Grown Under Water Deficit

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 527
Author(s):  
Leandro Dias da Silva ◽  
Fábio Pinto Gomes ◽  
Mateus Pires Barbosa ◽  
Raul Antônio Araújo do Bonfim ◽  
Mikaela Oliveira Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
Root Area ◽  
Genetic Dissimilarity

Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae) is a species grown in tropicalcountries and used for biodiesel production. Morphophysiological traits were analyzed to assess the genetic diversity in nine genotypes of J. curcas under deficit water. Seeds of plants from different populations, collected in diferente brazilian regions, were grown under two water regimes (100% and 50% tank capacity). Multivariate analysis was used to characterize genetic diversity. The UPGMA dendrogram built from the genetic distance group indicated the segregation of genotypes into five groups for growth traits and six groups for physiological traits. Then, an principal components analysis was carried out, to evaluate the pattern of character variations and then segregate the characteristics that could distinguish parental genotypes for use in plant breeding. Results showed 65.50% and 56.02% for the two first principal components of growth and physiological traits, respectively. Total root area was the most determining trait for genetic dissimilarity (18.9%) and group formation, followed by plant height (17.9%) and number of leaves (17.6%). On the other hand, stomatal conductance (gs) (24.9%) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) (20.9%) were the most determining physiological traits. The analysis of morphophysiological traits indicated CNPAE-298 and 299 as the most distant genotypes among the plant groups. Under water-limited conditions, total root area, plant height, gs and GPX were the most efficient traits to explain genetic dissimilarity among the genotypes, and for this reason they should be referred as a priority for further studies on genotypes selection in this species.

scholarly journals Heterogeneous Nutrient Sources Exhibit Varying Associations of Vegetative and Reproductive Parameters of Irish Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Tange Denis Achiri ◽  
Abdulai Assan Nkuh ◽  
Divine Nsobinenyui ◽  
Dominic Kumbah Njualem
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Irish Potato ◽  
Inorganic Nutrient ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Nutrient Source ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Eigen Value

The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations of vegetative and reproductive parameters of Irish potato from different organic and inorganic nutrient sources The study was done in the west region of Cameroon, specifically in Bougham, a village in the western highlands. The seeds were sown on the 4th of May 2016. Harvesting was done in August 2016. A total area of 250m2 was cleared and prepared in to a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Each block was divided into nine ridges. Eight fertilizer treatments: inorganic (NPK 15:1515, NPK 11:11:22), organic (Pig dropping, Poultry dropping), composite (four bi-combinations of the animal and NPK-based fertilizer) and a control treatment were randomly assigned to each ridge per block. General agronomic practices were adopted from local farmers. Data were collected on vegetative and reproductive parameters. Correlation analysis was also evaluated between parameters. This was followed by principal component analysis with varimax rotation. Principal components were selected based on eigen value criteria – a component was selected if its eigen value was greater than 1. All analyses were done using PAST (ver. 3.26b) Analysis revealed significant correlations between some vegetative and reproductive parameters notably between emergence and plant height (r = 0.45, P < 0.05), emergence and plant harvested (r = 0.867, P < 0.05), and between plant cover and plant height (r = 0.546, P < 0.05). According to the eigen value criteria (eigen value > 1.0), 4 principal components were retained from organic and inorganic nutrient sources each, and 3 principal components were retained from composite nutrient source. Reproductive parameters were more aggregated in the first principal component for organic nutrient source, accounting for 35.87% of all variations while they were more aggregated in the second principal component (25.61%) from inorganic nutrient sources. From the composite nutrient source, the reproductive and vegetative parameters were almost equally distributed between the first (31.80%) and second (27.82%) principal components. In this study, that varied nutrient sources (organic. Inorganic and composite) affects Irish potato differently. Consequently, both organic and inorganic nutrient sources should be seen as synergistic and not mutually exclusive for holistic production of Irish potato.

scholarly journals Evaluation of eight isabgol (Plantago ovata Forsk.) germplasm performance grown under different climatic conditions in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-451
Author(s):  
Md. Riazul Islam ◽  
Md. Nazmul Hasan Mehedi ◽  
Md. Moniruzzaman ◽  
Abu Jafor Mohammad Obaidullah ◽  
Abu Hena Faisal Fahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Plantago Ovata ◽  
Prime Concern ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The extent of genetic diversity in the crop plants is of prime concern to plant breeders and germplasm curators. Therefore, a study was employed to determine the genetic diversity and to evaluate the performance of eight genotypes of isabgol (Plantago ovata Forsk.) through analysis of morpho-physiological and yield attributing characteristics. All the germplasm was collected from different areas of Bangladesh. The experiments were conducted at the research field of Regional Spices Research Centre, Magura during the rabi season, 2019-20 to characterize phenotypically and to evaluate the performance of different isabgol germplasm. The experiments were laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The highest plant height (42.33 cm), number of tillers per plant (7.33), number of leaves per plant (74), length of leaf (30.00 cm), number of spikes per plant (29.0), length of spike (4.03 cm), 1000 seeds weight (2.0 g)  and seed yield (823 kg ha-1) of isabgol was found from the germplasm PO-001 and the lowest  plant height (39.67 cm), number of tillers per plant (6.33), number of leaves per plant (69.33), length of leaf (26.33 cm), number of spikes per plant (23.0), length of spike (3.67 cm), 1000 seeds weight (1.87 g) and seed yield (705 kg ha-1) of isabgol was found from the germplasm PO-007. On the basis of this field trail in terms of seed yield and other important agronomic characteristics the genotypes PO-001 can be chosen for future breeding material to release a commercial variety in Bangladesh climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Assessment of genetic variability among accessions of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench)

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-147
Author(s):  
Richard Olayiwola ◽  
Rukayat Ayomikun Yusuf ◽  
Oyeboade Adebiyi Oyetunde ◽  
Olufemi Sunday Sosanya ◽  
Omolayo Johnson Ariyo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Principal Component Analyses ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
West And Central Africa

Abstract Okra yields are low in West and Central Africa and factors including narrow genetic base of available germplasm have been implicated. An assessment of genetic variability among germplasm from various sources and knowledge of trait contributions to these variations is crucial to the success of okra breeding program. Eighteen okra accessions were evaluated during the 2020 cropping season in Nigeria to assess the genotypes for genetic diversity, group the accessions into clusters and identify traits that chiefly accounted for the variations among the genotypes. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), metroglyph and principal component analyses (PCA). ANOVA revealed significant accession mean squares for majority of the measured traits. Metroglyph analysis grouped the accessions into four clusters with members of Cluster IV generally high-yielding, early-maturing and short genotypes. NGB00353 and NGB00356 that were among genotypes with high total index scores were members of Cluster IV. The first four principal components (PCs) accounted for 80% of the total observed variation. PC1 with the highest discriminatory power was loaded with days to budding, internode length, pod yield.plot−1 and the number of pods.plant−1. The variation within and between clusters could be explored in okra breeding program.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and molecular variability of maize (Zea mays L.) Induced with X-ray

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Odunayo Joseph Olawuyi ◽  
David Franklin Igata ◽  
Akinlolu Olalekan Akanmu ◽  
Abeeb Abiodun Azeez
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Group Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Ten genotypes of maize collected from National Center for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (NACGRAB) were induced with X-ray for morphological and molecular assessment. The experimental design was complete randomized design with four replicates. Morphological and molecular statistical analyses of treated genotypes were conducted using SAS and Power Maker Packages, respectively while dendrogram was generated using Jaccards similarity coefficient using Unweighted Paired Group Method and Arithmetic Averages (UPGMA). The study revealed significant difference which is an indication of genetic variation of characters in treated maize. Genotype DTSR-Wco performed best in plant height (62.35 cm), leaf length (62.35 cm), number of leaves (3.15), leaf width (7.55 cm) and dry leaf biomass (0.24 g). X-ray at 90 Kv/mass, 95 Kv/mass and 100 Kv/mass decreased plant heights to 54.25cm, 53.87cm and 54.10cm respectively compared to Control. Heritability estimate was greater than 70% for all characters evaluated. Genotype TZM 1551 at 0 Kv/mass yielded the highest concentration of DNA at 2841.60 ng/ul and the highest genomic DNA concentration was obtained at 95 Kv/mass for TZM 132 with 1.91%. Primer BMC 1755 was most polymorphic with 58.77% in treated maize genotypes. The plant height was strongly correlated with leaf length (r=0.9), leaf width (r=0.76) and number of leaves (r=0.77). Principal component analysis showed close relationship between plant height (-0.03) and leaf length (0.05) compared with leaf width (-0.67) and number of leaves (0.69). Dry shoot biomass (0.05) was closely related to dry root biomass (-0.03) and dry leaf biomass (-0.04).

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