scholarly journals Mengelola Pendapatan Kamar Hotel yang Optimum (Yield Management)

Media Wisata ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Hermawan

The market is always changing and increasing competition. In this condition, the hotel needs to improve responsiveness to the environment to service. Hotels should be able to establish a policy with the best results. Yield management offers a concept for each hotel is able to put himself in the best position in the changing environment. Revenues need to be managed well for a more popular method is called yield management or revenue management Currently, yield management, has become a very important innovation in the hospitality industry. The main objective of yield management is to maximize the occupancy room and at the same price achieved average room rate is high. The rooms are the same product, but have different market segments, both used by the guest or guest tours individual. Each market segment may be subject to different prices for the same period. Demand for each segment in the future, have a fairly high level of uncertainty in thiscase, management does not know how much and when the individual guest is coming. Individual guest room reservations typically do on arrival or a few days prior to say, while guest tour groups generally pay full price and keep the rooms are not already sold to the tourist gueist at cheap prices or discounts. Profit oriented hotel management and have broad freedom of action to increase revenue at the optimum level of demand for rooms is very high. This is to compensate low income or cover losses in the period of very Iow occupancy rates, where rooms are sold at discount in nearly all segments. Room sales management to achieve optimum opinions need to plan how many rooms are sold at a discount and how many rooms were sold at full price. In addition . to avoid loss of revenue due to cancellation of booking rooms during periode of high demand for rooms, management needs to accept room reservations exceeds the number of rooms available for sale

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 89-102
Author(s):  
Paolo Campana ◽  
Andrea Giovannetti

Abstract Purpose We explore how we can best predict violent attacks with injury using a limited set of information on (a) previous violence, (b) previous knife and weapon carrying, and (c) violence-related behaviour of known associates, without analysing any demographic characteristics. Data Our initial data set consists of 63,022 individuals involved in 375,599 events that police recorded in Merseyside (UK) from 1 January 2015 to 18 October 2018. Methods We split our data into two periods: T1 (initial 2 years) and T2 (the remaining period). We predict “violence with injury” at time T2 as defined by Merseyside Police using the following individual-level predictors at time T1: violence with injury; involvement in a knife incident and involvement in a weapon incident. Furthermore, we relied on social network analysis to reconstruct the network of associates at time T1 (co-offending network) for those individuals who have committed violence at T2, and built three additional network-based predictors (associates’ violence; associates’ knife incident; associates’ weapon incident). Finally, we tackled the issue of predicting violence (a) through a series of robust logistic regression models using a bootstrapping method and (b) through a specificity/sensitivity analysis. Findings We found that 7720 individuals committed violence with injury at T2. Of those, 2004 were also present at T1 (27.7%) and co-offended with a total of 7202 individuals. Regression models suggest that previous violence at time T1 is the strongest predictor of future violence (with an increase in odds never smaller than 123%), knife incidents and weapon incidents at the individual level have some predictive power (but only when no information on previous violence is considered), and the behaviour of one’s associates matters. Prior association with a violent individual and prior association with a knife-flagged individual were the two strongest network predictors, with a slightly stronger effect for knife flags. The best performing regressors are (a) individual past violence (36% of future violence cases correctly identified); (b) associates’ past violence (25%); and (c) associates’ knife involvement (14%). All regressors are characterised by a very high level of specificity in predicting who will not commit violence (80% or more). Conclusions Network-based indicators add to the explanation of future violence, especially prior association with a knife-flagged individual and association with a violent individual. Information about the knife involvement of associates appears to be more informative than a subject’s own prior knife involvement.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahadin Ahadin.

Behaviors and actions of individuals to achieve a goal to be obtained in principle are largely determined by a desire, needs, and expectations. Individuals in conducting behavior, actions, and actions are always based on factors that are nature coming from within themselves or coming from outside themselves or from the environment. Factors from within the individual can determine behavior, actions and actions, as well as factors from outside the individual can strengthen or reduce the motive of an individual in acting, acting and doing. Motive is a stimulus, encouragement, desire, or desire of individuals to behave, act and act. While motivation refers to the process that encourages individuals to behave, act and act in reacting to each situation, thus the motive is a driving force for behavior, actions and actions. In the competition in every sport the highest level is generally followed by athletes who have great talent, have amazing talents, are persistent, highly disciplined, have a strong and tough mentality, so what distinguishes the champion or who has amazing achievements with ordinary achievements are very difficult to distinguish. At this very high level of achievement, an athlete with small, simple self-motivated techniques that are very well managed can make the athlete successful in his career. 


2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
AVISHAI BENISH ◽  
HANAN HABER ◽  
ROTEM ELIAHOU

AbstractHow does the rising ‘regulatory welfare state’ address social policy concerns in pension markets? This study examines this question by comparing the regulatory responses to high charges paid by low-income workers in pension markets in the UK and Israel. In the UK, with the recognition that the market would not cater to low-income workers, the regulatory response was the creation of a publicly operated low-cost pension fund (NEST), a ‘public option’ within the market. This allowed low-income workers access to a low level of charges, previously reserved for high-income and organised workers. In Israel, regulation sought to empower consumers, while providing minimal social protection by capping pension charges at a relatively high level, thereby leaving most of the responsibility for reducing the charges with the individual saver. By comparing these two cases, the article develops an analytical framework for the study of the regulatory welfare state, making two contributions. First, it highlights different types of regulatory citizenship: minimal regulatory social protection as opposed to a more egalitarian approach. Second, it identifies an overlooked regulatory welfare state strategy: creating ‘public option’ arrangements, whereby a state-run (but not funded) service operates within the market.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 363-379
Author(s):  
Olena Tsilmak ◽  
Iryna Shcherbakova ◽  
Sofiia Berezka ◽  
Yuliia Formaniuk ◽  
Liliia Rudenko ◽  
...  

The article presents the results of theoretical and empirical research of professionally important abilities and skills of a counseling psychologist. Based on the analysis of scientific achievements and the results of anonymous questionnaires, the classification of professionally important abilities and skills of a counseling psychologist by certain groups was carried out. Professionally important abilities of a counseling psychologist are presented in four areas - volitional, gnostic, speech and perceptual; and professionally important skills are presented in seven areas - gnostic, communicative, perceptual, didactic, technological, organizational, control and evaluation. It is emphasized that professionally important abilities and skills should be classified separately. Since the abilities are due to the natural inclinations of the individual and mental phenomena, and skills are developed, formed and improved during the life of the person. Abilities and skills are interconnected and interdependent.Classification of professionally important abilities and skills of a counseling psychologist by certain groups provides opportunities: 1) to most systematically present the necessary professionally important characteristics of a counseling psychologist, 2) to review educational training programs for psychologists; 3) select the necessary methods and techniques for the diagnosis and verification of these professionally important characteristics of the candidate for the position of " counseling psychologist". According to the results of a scientific study on the expert assessment of the reference level of development of a counseling psychologist of professionally important abilities and skills, it was found that respondents believe that these abilities and skills should have a very high level of development.


Author(s):  
Télesphore NGARAMBE

This paper describes the structure of the translation and interpreting programme of the University of Rwanda at the undergraduate level. By analysing theoretical and practical components underlying the two disciplines involved, secondary data from different scholars depict the competencies that are expected from a well-trained translator and interpreter. Though training in the two areas have some aspects in common such as linguistic, intercultural, technological competencies, etc., translator trainees need to acquire advanced skills in textual analysis and writing. On the other hand, apart from listening and speaking skills, the trainee interpreters are required to develop, at a very high level, their speech analysis skills, their memory, and their rhetorical skills. The results in this paper prove that all these competencies that are too exerting on each of the two sides cannot be fully developed in a dual specialisation programme like that of the University of Rwanda, in which trainees major at the same time in translation and interpreting. As shown by the data collected from different respondents, this approach impacts negatively on the trainees’ performance in both disciplines, and produces – trainees who have not reached an optimum level of competence. As a solution to this crucial problem, the paper recommends tt a fundamental shift in the programme by redesign it to give more space to each of the two areas of specialisation.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahadin Ahadin.

Behaviors and actions of individuals to achieve a goal to be obtained in principle are largely determined by a desire, needs, and expectations. Individuals in conducting behavior, actions, and actions are always based on factors that are nature coming from within themselves or coming from outside themselves or from the environment. Factors from within the individual can determine behavior, actions and actions, as well as factors from outside the individual can strengthen or reduce the motive of an individual in acting, acting and doing. Motive is a stimulus, encouragement, desire, or desire of individuals to behave, act and act. While motivation refers to the process that encourages individuals to behave, act and act in reacting to each situation, thus the motive is a driving force for behavior, actions and actions. In the competition in every sport the highest level is generally followed by athletes who have great talent, have amazing talents, are persistent, highly disciplined, have a strong and tough mentality, so what distinguishes the champion or who has amazing achievements with ordinary achievements are very difficult to distinguish. At this very high level of achievement, an athlete with small, simple self-motivated techniques that are very well managed can make the athlete successful in his career. 


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (34) ◽  
pp. 391-422
Author(s):  
اشواق حسن حميد صالح

Climate change and its impact on water resources is the problem of the times. Therefore, this study is concerned with the subject of climate change and its impact on the water ration of the grape harvest in Diyala Governorate. The study was based on the data of the Khanaqin climate station for the period 1973-2017, (1986-2017) due to lack of data at governorate level. The general trend of the elements of the climate and its effect on the water formula was extracted. The equation of change was extracted for the duration of the study. The statistical analysis was also used between the elements of the climate (actual brightness, normal temperature, micro and maximum degrees Celsius, wind speed m / s, relative humidity% The results of the statistical analysis confirm that the water ration for the study area is based mainly on the X7 evaporation / netting variable, which is affected by a set of independent variables X1 Solar Brightness X4 X5 Extreme Temperature Wind Speed ​​3X Minimal Temperature and Very High Level .


Author(s):  
Margarita Khomyakova

The author analyzes definitions of the concepts of determinants of crime given by various scientists and offers her definition. In this study, determinants of crime are understood as a set of its causes, the circumstances that contribute committing them, as well as the dynamics of crime. It is noted that the Russian legislator in Article 244 of the Criminal Code defines the object of this criminal assault as public morality. Despite the use of evaluative concepts both in the disposition of this norm and in determining the specific object of a given crime, the position of criminologists is unequivocal: crimes of this kind are immoral and are in irreconcilable conflict with generally accepted moral and legal norms. In the paper, some views are considered with regard to making value judgments which could hardly apply to legal norms. According to the author, the reasons for abuse of the bodies of the dead include economic problems of the subject of a crime, a low level of culture and legal awareness; this list is not exhaustive. The main circumstances that contribute committing abuse of the bodies of the dead and their burial places are the following: low income and unemployment, low level of criminological prevention, poor maintenance and protection of medical institutions and cemeteries due to underperformance of state and municipal bodies. The list of circumstances is also open-ended. Due to some factors, including a high level of latency, it is not possible to reflect the dynamics of such crimes objectively. At the same time, identification of the determinants of abuse of the bodies of the dead will reduce the number of such crimes.


2020 ◽  

BACKGROUND: This paper deals with territorial distribution of the alcohol and drug addictions mortality at a level of the districts of the Slovak Republic. AIM: The aim of the paper is to explore the relations within the administrative territorial division of the Slovak Republic, that is, between the individual districts and hence, to reveal possibly hidden relation in alcohol and drug mortality. METHODS: The analysis is divided and executed into the two fragments – one belongs to the female sex, the other one belongs to the male sex. The standardised mortality rate is computed according to a sequence of the mathematical relations. The Euclidean distance is employed to compute the similarity within each pair of a whole data set. The cluster analysis examines is performed. The clusters are created by means of the mutual distances of the districts. The data is collected from the database of the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic for all the districts of the Slovak Republic. The covered time span begins in the year 1996 and ends in the year 2015. RESULTS: The most substantial point is that the Slovak Republic possesses the regional disparities in a field of mortality expressed by the standardised mortality rate computed particularly for the diagnoses assigned to the alcohol and drug addictions at a considerably high level. However, the female sex and the male sex have the different outcome. The Bratislava III District keeps absolutely the most extreme position. It forms an own cluster for the both sexes too. The Topoľčany District bears a similar extreme position from a point of view of the male sex. All the Bratislava districts keep their mutual notable dissimilarity. Contrariwise, evaluation of a development of the regional disparities among the districts looks like notably heterogeneously. CONCLUSIONS: There are considerable regional discrepancies throughout the districts of the Slovak Republic. Hence, it is necessary to create a common platform how to proceed with the solution of this issue.


Author(s):  
N.V. Rudakov ◽  
N.A. Penyevskaya ◽  
D.A. Saveliev ◽  
S.A. Rudakova ◽  
C.V. Shtrek ◽  
...  

Research objective. Differentiation of natural focal areas of Western Siberia by integral incidence rates of tick-borne infectious diseases for determination of the strategy and tactics of their comprehensive prevention. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of official statistics for the period 2002-2018 for eight sub-federal units in the context of administrative territories was carried out. The criteria of differentiation were determined by means of three evaluation scales, including long-term mean rates of tick-borne encephalitis, tick-borne borreliosis, and Siberian tick-borne typhus. As a scale gradation tool, we used the number of sample elements between the confidence boundaries of the median. The integral assessment was carried out by the sum of points corresponding to the incidence rates for each of the analyzed infections. Results. The areas of low, medium, above average, high and very high risk of tick-borne infectious diseases were determined. Recommendations on the choice of prevention strategy and tactics were given. In areas of very high and high incidence rates, a combination of population-based and individual prevention strategies is preferable while in other areas a combination of high-risk and individual strategies is recommended. Discussion. Epidemiologic zoning should be the basis of a risk-based approach to determining optimal volumes and directions of preventive measures against natural focal infections. It is necessary to improve the means and methods of determining the individual risk of getting infected and developing tick-borne infectious diseases in case of bites, in view of mixed infection of vectors, as well as methods of post-exposure disease prevention (preventive therapy).


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