scholarly journals Tendencias de desarrollo del ayllu peruano (siglos XIV-XX)

1972 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 259-288
Author(s):  
Jan Szemiński
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Individual Ownership

The Ayllu is an Andean societal model. Jan Szemiński reconstructs the ayllu in the pre-Incan and Tawantinsuyu periods. He investigates the social hierarchies, relations between social groups and land ownership issues of the pre-Columbian ayllu. He then describes the transformations of the ayllu and related cultural continuities of the Colonial period. In the independent Peru period collective land ownership was combated by Peruvian elites to facilitate individual ownership among the indigenous. Despite such policies, many indigenous communities practicing collective land ownership survived to the 20th Century.

Main Forms of Propagandistic Activities of the Right-Wing Parties (1904–1914)

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 656-676
Author(s):  
Igor V. Omeliyanchuk
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Right ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article examines the main forms and methods of agitation and propagandistic activities of monarchic parties in Russia in the beginning of the 20th century. Among them the author singles out such ones as periodical press, publication of books, brochures and flyers, organization of manifestations, religious processions, public prayers and funeral services, sending deputations to the monarch, organization of public lectures and readings for the people, as well as various philanthropic events. Using various forms of propagandistic activities the monarchists aspired to embrace all social groups and classes of the population in order to organize all-class and all-estate political movement in support of the autocracy. While they gained certain success in promoting their ideology, the Rights, nevertheless, lost to their adversaries from the radical opposition camp, as the monarchists constrained by their conservative ideology, could not promise immediate social and political changes to the population, and that fact was excessively used by their opponents. Moreover, the ideological paradigm of the Right camp expressed in the “Orthodoxy, Autocracy, Nationality” formula no longer agreed with the social and economic realities of Russia due to modernization processes that were underway in the country from the middle of the 19th century.

A Feminist Defense of Political Liberalism

John Rawls ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 249-262
Author(s):  
Christie Hartley ◽  
Lori Watson
Keyword(s):  
Social Power ◽  
Political Liberalism ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Internal Resources ◽  
Substantive Equality ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Subordination ◽  
Equal Citizenship

Some feminists claim that liberal theories lack the resources necessary for fully diagnosing and remedying the social subordination of persons as members of social groups. Part of the problem is that liberals focus too narrowly on the state as the locus of political power. However, equal citizenship is also affected by systems of power that operate in the background culture and that construct social hierarchies in which persons are subordinated as members of social groups. This chapter argues that political liberalism, properly understood, entails a commitment to substantive equality such that it has the internal resources to address the kinds of inequality produced by unjust forms of social power. Although some will claim that if the basic structure is the subject of justice, political liberalism will still fall short of securing gender justice, we explain why this worry is misplaced.

scholarly journals Asientos indígenas en la precordillera de Santiago (Siglos XVI y XVII): Estudio de caso

2015 ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Alfredo Gómez Alcorta ◽  
Claudia Prado Berlien ◽  
Francisco Ocaranza Bosio
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Economic Exploitation ◽  
Abrupt Changes ◽  
Initial Transformation ◽  
Del Rio ◽  
Ownership Of Land

Este trabajo es parte de la investigación desarrollada por los autores en el marco del proyectoFondecyt N° 91-1021, “Desarrollo Cultural y Adaptación Ecológica Durante el PeriodoAgroalfarero de la Precordillera de Pirque”, a cargo del arqueólogo Ángel Cabeza Monteira.ResumenEste estudio aborda los cambios precipitados en la economía de subsistencia y en la propiedad de la tierra para las comunidades indígenas de Chile Central,utilizando como caso de estudio un asentamiento de la precordillera de Santiago. Se realiza un intento de comprender la organización productiva y la propiedad territorial de las parcialidades indígenas desde antecedentes etnohistóricos e históricos.En base a datos arqueológicos e información documentalse reconstruyen las características del patrón de asentamiento indígena y la actividad económica de estas comunidades a fin de bosquejar la ocupación y explotación económica del territorio preandino, así como el proceso de pérdidad el mismo en manos de los españoles.La información arqueológica, gracias al registro realizado por los autores, han arrojado una imagen original e inéditade un asentamiento indígena, la que intentamos vincular con informaciónetnohistórica del valle del río Clarillo y el Principal de Pirque.Palabras clave: Indígenas, Territorio, Colonia, Economía.Indigenous Settlements in Santiago’s Andean Foothills(c. XVI and XVII): A Case StudyAbstractThis study aims to address the abrupt changes in the subsistence economyand in the ownership of land for the indigenous communities of CentralChile, presented as an example the populations settled in the foothills of Santiago. An attempt is made to understand the initial transformation ofproductive organization and land ownership of indigenous groups.Based on archaeological data and historical information features indigenous settlement pattern and economic activity in these communities in order to sketch the occupation and economic exploitation of the pre-Andean territory, as well as the process of loss of it in Spanish hands.The archaeological informationby recording performed by the authors has produced an original image of a nindigenous settlement, which attempt to link with ethnohistorical information of the Clarillo River Valley and Principal de Pirque.Key words: Indigenous, Territory, Colonial period, Economy.

scholarly journals Does the presence of health insurance and health facilities improve healthcare utilisation for major morbidities among Indigenous communities and older widows: Evidence from the India Human Development Surveys I and II

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew Sunil George ◽  
Theo Niyosenga ◽  
Itismita Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
Access To Treatment ◽  
Major Morbidity ◽  
The Social

AbstractIn this paper, we examine whether access to treatment for major morbidity conditions is determined by the social class of the person who needs treatment. Secondly, we assess whether health insurance coverage and the presence of a PHC have any significant impact on the utilisation of health services, either public or private, for treatment and, more importantly, whether the presence of health insurance and PHC modify the treatment use behaviour for the two excluded communities of interest namely Indigenous communities and older widows using data from two rounds (2005 and 2012) of the nationally representative India Human Development Survey (IHDS). We estimated a multilevel mixed effects model with treatment for major morbidity as the outcome variable and social groups, older widows, the presence of a PHC and the survey wave as the main explanatory variables. The results confirmed access to treatment for major morbidity was affected by social class with Indigenous communities and older widows less likely to access treatment. Health insurance coverage did not have an effect that was large enough to induce a positive change in the likelihood of accessing treatment. The presence of a functional PHC increased the likelihood of treatment for all social groups except Indigenous communities. This is not surprising as Indigenous communities generally live in locations where the terrain is more challenging and decentralised healthcare up to the PHC might not work as effectively as it does for others. The social class to which one belongs has a significant impact on the ability of a person to access healthcare. Efforts to address inequity needs to take this into account and design interventions that are decentralised and planned with the involvement of local communities to be effective. Merely addressing one or two barriers to access in an isolated fashion will not lead to equitable access.

scholarly journals Hybrid Language: Proof Harmony of Arab-Nusantara Cultural Acculturation

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Bukhori
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Muslim Population ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Hybrid Language ◽  
Global Language ◽  
Arabic Speaking

This study aims to analyze the arabic-archipelago hybrid language. The factor of grammar changes that occur in the Arabic-Archipelago language is supported by (a) the Arabic-speaking community that has its own prestige - its nationality which refers to the descendants of the prophet Muhammad, so that it has a positive charisma among the Nusantara community which is a mostly Muslim population in the world; (b) a very close degree of intimacy in social relations at the start even as evidenced by their participation in the struggle for Indonesia's revival; (c) demographic factors with the establishment of Arab villages (other than Chinatown) during the Dutch colonial period. The development of Arabic used as a language of commerce and religion is not inferior when compared to English, which is currently a global language in the world. The social interaction of Arab descendants and indigenous communities is manifested in the development of a new culture (in this case, language) in a genealogical society.

The Effect of the Political Situation in the City of Jerusalem on the Rights of the Jerusalem Women

1970 ◽  
pp. 36-47
Author(s):  
Fadwa Al-Labadi
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Colonial Legacy ◽  
Legal Principle ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City ◽  
Legislative Processes

The concept of citizenship was introduced to the Arab and Islamic region duringthe colonial period. The law of citizenship, like all other laws and regulations inthe Middle East, was influenced by the colonial legacy that impacted the tribal and paternalistic systems in all aspects of life. In addition to the colonial legacy, most constitutions in the Middle East draw on the Islamic shari’a (law) as a major source of legislation, which in turn enhances the paternalistic system in the social sector in all its dimensions, as manifested in many individual laws and the legislative processes with respect to family status issues. Family is considered the nucleus of society in most Middle Eastern countries, and this is specifically reflected in the personal status codes. In the name of this legal principle, women’s submission is being entrenched, along with censorship over her body, control of her reproductive role, sexual life, and fertility.

Doing Bodhisattva’s Work

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-32
Author(s):  
Le Hoang Anh Thu
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The State ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Class Identity ◽  
The Social

This paper explores the charitable work of Buddhist women who work as petty traders in Hồ Chí Minh City. By focusing on the social interaction between givers and recipients, it examines the traders’ class identity, their perception of social stratification, and their relationship with the state. Charitable work reveals the petty traders’ negotiations with the state and with other social groups to define their moral and social status in Vietnam’s society. These negotiations contribute to their self-identification as a moral social class and to their perception of trade as ethical labor.

Könyvismertetések

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-420
Author(s):  
Magda Ritoókné Ádám ◽  
Olivér Nagybányai Nagy ◽  
Csaba Pléh ◽  
Attila Keresztes
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
History Of Psychology ◽  
Modern Psychology ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theoretical Issues

VárinéSzilágyiIbolya: Építészprofilok, akik a 70-es, 80-as években indultak(Ritoókné Ádám Magda)      407RacsmányMihály(szerk.): Afejlődés zavarai és vizsgálómódszerei(Nagybányai Nagy Olivér)     409Új irányzatok és a bejárt út a pszichológiatörténet-írásban (Mandler, G.: Interesting times. An encounter with the 20th century; Hergenhahn, B. N.: An introduction to the history of psychology; Schultz, D. P.,Schultz, S. E.: A history of modern psychology; Greenwood, J. D.: The disappearance of the social in American social psychology;Bem, S.,LoorendeJong, H.: Theoretical issues in psychology. An introduction; Sternberg, R. J. (ed.)Unity in psychology: Possibility or pipedream?;Dalton, D. C.,Evans, R. B. (eds): __

SOCIAL CONFLICT: ARCHETYPAL NATURE AND RESOLUTION MECHANISM

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 294-305
Author(s):  
Ruslan Rafisovich Hasanov
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Constructive Development ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interdisciplinary Knowledge

On the basis of the archetypic analysis of development trends of a conflictological paradigm the author’s model of minimization of conflict potential in modern society is offered. Institutional construction is the basis for model that is harmonized with a factor of societal identity.It is noted that the problems of social conflicts, according to data from monitor- ing studies of the Ukrainian school of archetype, are increasingly shifted into the sphere of interpersonal relations. It is stimulated by the progression in society of so-called self-sufficient personalities, the “subjectification” of the social space, and at the same time narrowing down to the solution of entirely specific situations in which there is a collision of the interests of two or more parties.Instead, in order to find the optimal solution for resolving the conflict, it is necessary to have interdisciplinary knowledge, in particular understanding of the deep nature of such conflicts. Collision of points of view, thoughts, positions — a very frequent phenomenon of modern social life. In order to develop the correct line of behavior in various conflict situations, it is important to adequately under- stand the nature of the emergence of the modern conflict and the mechanisms for resolving them in substance. Knowledge of conflict nature enriches the culture of communication and makes human life and social groups not only more calm, but also creates conditions for constructive development. It is proved that in modern life one can not but agree with the statement that an individual carries first re- sponsibility for his own life and only then for the life of the social groups to which he belongs. And while making decisions within the framework of modern mecha- nisms (consensus), the properties of human psychology such as extroversion, emo- tionality, irrationality, intuition, externality, and executive ability will not at least contribute to such a task.That is why in the author’s research attracted attention to the archetypal na- ture of the conflict — the primitive images, ideas, feelings inherent in man as a bearer of the collective unconscious.

SOCIAL CONFLICT: ARCHETYPAL NATURE AND RESOLUTION MECHANISM

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 294-305
Author(s):  
Ruslan Rafisovich Hasanov
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Constructive Development ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interdisciplinary Knowledge

On the basis of the archetypic analysis of development trends of a conflictological paradigm the author’s model of minimization of conflict potential in modern society is offered. Institutional construction is the basis for model that is harmonized with a factor of societal identity. It is noted that the problems of social conflicts, according to data from monitoring studies of the Ukrainian school of archetype, are increasingly shifted into the sphere of interpersonal relations. It is stimulated by the progression in society of so-called self-sufficient personalities, the “subjectification” of the social space, and at the same time narrowing down to the solution of entirely specific situations in which there is a collision of the interests of two or more parties. Instead, in order to find the optimal solution for resolving the conflict, it is necessary to have interdisciplinary knowledge, in particular understanding of the deep nature of such conflicts. Collision of points of view, thoughts, positions — a very frequent phenomenon of modern social life. In order to develop the correct line of behavior in various conflict situations, it is important to adequately understand the nature of the emergence of the modern conflict and the mechanisms for resolving them in substance. Knowledge of conflict nature enriches the culture of communication and makes human life and social groups not only more calm, but also creates conditions for constructive development. It is proved that in modern life one can not but agree with the statement that an individual carries first responsibility for his own life and only then for the life of the social groups to which he belongs. And while making decisions within the framework of modern mechanisms (consensus), the properties of human psychology such as extroversion, emotionality, irrationality, intuition, externality, and executive ability will not at least contribute to such a task. That is why in the author’s research attracted attention to the archetypal nature of the conflict — the primitive images, ideas, feelings inherent in man as a bearer of the collective unconscious.

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